Yansacyclops ferrarii,new genus,new species (Copepoda: Cyclopoida) from the Amazon Basin,Brazil

Yansacyclops ferrarii, new genus, new species (Copepoda: Cyclopoida) is described from the plankton of Rios Guamá and Acará Grande near Belém, State of Pará, Brazil.     

Intertidal interstitial Halicyclops from the Brazilian coast (Copepoda: Cyclopoida)

H. tageae sp. n. and Halicyclops ytororoma sp. n. are described from the intertidal interstitial water of Brazilian beaches. H. tageae is distinguished from all congeneric species by the number of setae on legs 1–4 endopodite 2 (1, 1, 2, 2) and by possessing a reduced inner spine on the leg 5 exopodite. It shares with H. brevispinosus, H. pusillus and H. canui the spine formula 2, 3, 3, 3 on exopodite 3 of swimming legs 1–4. H. ytororoma closely resembles H. gauldi and differs from this species by having 4 setae on leg 1 endopodite 3; H. gauldi has 3 setae on this segment.This is the first record of Halicyclops from marine interstitial water in Brazil.     

Badijella jalzici - a new genus and species of calanoid copepod (Calanoida, Ridgewayiidae) from an anchialine cave on the Croatian Adriatic coast

A new genus and species of calanoid copepod belonging to the family of Ridgewayiidae is described from an anchialine cave on the small island of Badija, Croatia. In the new species Badijella jalzici, body length varies from 720-870 µm in both sexes. The prosome is 6-segmented, the female urosome is 4-segmented and 5-segmented in the male. The antennules are symmetrical and 26-segmented in the female, and 23-segmented on right side in the male, with two areas of geniculation. The caudal rami are symmetrical and longer than wide. The mouthparts and swimming legs 1-4 are identical in both sexes. The female fifth leg is biramous and symmetrical; the male fifth legs are strongly developed, asymmetrical, biramous on both sides, endopods 2-segmented and exopods 2-segmented and complex in structure.     

Three new genera and five new species of misophrioid copepods (Crustacea) from anchialine caves on Indo-West Pacific and North Atlantic Islands

Hydra lirosoma sp. nov. is a small, hermaphroditic species possessing broad holotrichous isorhiza nematocysts. The spherical embryo and cobbled embryotheca set it apart from similar species. Hydras with broad holotrichous isorhizas form a distinct cluster of species, but one which was not explicitly represented in the three genera ( Pelmatohydra, Hydra and Chlorohydra ) recognized by Schulze (1917, Archiv für Biontologie, 4(2 ): 29). Schulze failed to recognize this group because of the small number of species known at that time. The hydras that are known now fit naturally into four clusters of species termed, in this paper, the oligactis, vulgaris, viridissima, and braueri groups.     

Copepods of the genus Halicyclops (Cyclopidae) from Belize

Halicyclops tetracanthus sp.n. and H. venezuelaensis Lindberg were found in the Sittee River Estuary, Belize. The new species is distinguished from all its congeners by having a distal spine and two spiniform heterogeneously ornamented setae on the inner margin of the terminal endopodal segment of legs 2 and 3. Halicyclops venezuelaensis, previously known only from Venezuela is redescribed based on specimens of both sexes. Differences in the ornamentation as well as in the relative length of some setae of the maxilla and maxilliped are pointed out as additional useful characters in the taxonomy of Halicyclops. This is the first record of Halicyclops in Belize.     

A new Diacyclops (Copepoda,Cyclopoida, Cyclopidae) from northwestern Argentina

No species of the genus Diacyclops has been so far cited from continental Argentina. Specimens collected from a roadside pool in the province of Catamarca on a plateau at 3700 m a.s.l. turned out to belong to a new species, Diacyclops andinus, which is described and illustrated in detail for both sexes. Main diagnostic features are: spine formula of swimming legs 3, 4, 4, 4; terminal spines of the distal endopod segment of leg 4 subequal; smooth furcal rami. The new species is a member of the D. bicuspidatus group, and is probably near the base of this line.     

Haplostomides hawaiiensis,new species (Copepods: Cyclopoida: Ascidicolidae), associated with the ascidian Polyclinum constellatum at Honolulu,Hawaii

An ascidicolid copepod, Haplostomides hawaiiensis, is described on the basis of females obtained from the compound ascidian Polyclinum constellatum collected in Keehi Lagoon, Honolulu, Hawaii. The features that separate H. hawaiiensis from other species of the genus include an elongate body with dorsal curvature and indistinct tagmosis, and a combination of characters of cephalic appendages (antenna with 2 spines, mandible with 3 setae, maxillule with 7 setae and maxilla with 2 setae) and thoracic appendages (legs 1–4 with 1 seta on protopod and 2 spines and 1 seta on exopod). Haplostomides hawaiiensis appears to be most closely related to H. hibernicus (T. & A. Scott, 1895) which occurs in compound ascidians from European seas. This is the first copepod associate of an ascidian to be reported from Hawaii.     

Two new species ofHalicyclops (Copepoda,Cyclopoida) from the Amazon Basin,Brazil

Two new species ofHalicyclops are described from plankton samples taken in two localities in the Amazon River mouth area, State of Pará, Brazil.Halicyclops lindbergi sp.n. resemblesH. hurlberti andH. clarkei from which it differs by a combination of characters in leg 5, the anal pseudoperculum and the caudal rami. The other new species,H. dussarti, is most morphologically similar toH. pilosus, but they are separated by differences in legs 1 and 5 as well as in the ornamentation of the middle caudal setae.     

The cyclopid (Crustacea,Copepoda) fauna of the inland waters of Israel

Four species of the genusMesocyclops (Cyclopoida: Cyclopidae) are reported from Israel:Mesocyclops kieferi Van de Velde, 1984,Mesocyclops aequatorialis similis Van de Velde, 1984,Mesocyclops ogunnus Onabamiro, 1957 andMesocyclops arcanus n.sp. The new species, close toM. kieferi, is described and some remarks are given for the other species.     

Four new species of Halicyclops Norman, 1903 (Copepoda,Cyclopoida) from Brazil

Four new species of Halicyclops are described and figured from plankton samples of the brackish waters of Pomonga River, Sergipe State (NE Brazil). The ornamentation of the median apical setae of the furcal rami is proposed as useful diagnostic character for species distinction.     

Copepods from ground waters of Western Australia, VII. Nitokra humphreysi sp. nov. (Crustacea: Copepoda: Harpacticoida)

Nitokra humphreysi sp. nov. (Harpacticoida: Ameiridae) is described from anchialine ground waters of the Cape Range karst area in northwestern Australia. The new species belongs to those species of the genus Nitokra Boeck, 1865 with a reduced number of spines/setae on the basoendopodite of the female fifth leg. It is remarkably similar to N. reunionensis Bozic, 1969 and to N. laingensis Fiers, 1986, but there are clear distinguishing features. Nitokra humphreysi sp. nov. has clear stygomorphic features, being colourless and lacking the nauplius eye.     

A new genus of Platycopioida (Copepoda) from a marine cave on Bermuda

Nanocopia minuta was collected from an inland marine cave on Bermuda. This new genus is reminiscent of Platycopia in its cephalic appendages and in the 5th legs of the male. The 1st leg has a 3-segmented exopod and a 1-segmented endopod. The other legs show reductions with no armature along the inner margin of the exopods and with 2-segmented endopods in the female. Only 2nd and 3rd legs bear two outer spines on the first exopodal segment.Owing to similarities in sexual characters, mouthparts, and modifications of the swimming legs, Nanocopia and Platycopia are considered more closely related to each other than either is to Antrisocopia.Platycopioida now contains three genera of which two are found only in Roadside Cave. The order has retained several primitive characters and seems to have separated early from the gymnoplean stem.     

Three species of the genus Laboulbenia (Laboulbeniales) parasitic on Chydaeus bedeli (Coleoptera, Carabidae) from Asia

Three species of the genus Laboulbenia were recorded on Chydaeus bedeli (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Harpalini) from high-altitude localities in Asia. Laboulbenia obtusa was obtained from tarsi of the midlegs of the male hosts; Laboulbenia acrogeniodontis was on the margins of the elytra of the male and female hosts; and Laboulbenia polyphaga was on the elytra (near the apex) and the pronotum (at the base) of the male and female hosts. Each of the three species is distinct in the shape of the perithecia and the structure of the appendages.     

Therodamas tamarae, a new species of copepod (Poecilostomatoida: Ergasilidae) parasitic on Plagioscion squamosissimus (Heckel) from the Araguaia River, Brazil; with a key to the species of the genus

Therodamas tamarae n.sp. is described based on females removed from branchial filaments of Plagioscion squamosissimus (Teleostei, Sciaenidae) caught in a lake near the Araguaia River, State of Goiás, Brazil. The new species shares with Therodamas elongatus (Thatcher, 1986) the same host, a similar reaction from the host to the presence of the parasites, and the same general shape of body; in addition, the two species are from the Amazon basin. On the other hand, it resembles T. fluviatilis Paggi, 1976 in the structure of legs 1 to 4. An identification key for Therodamas species, as well as comments on the distribution of the species, are included.     

Morphological description of three marine ciliates (Ciliophora, Scuticociliatia), with establishment of a new genus and two new species

Three marine scuticociliates, Falcicyclidium fangi nov. gen., nov. spec., Falcicyclidium atractodes nov. spec., and Cristigera media Kahl, 1928 were investigated using live observation and silver impregnation methods. The genus Falcicyclidium is distinguished by the combination of: (i) dorsoventrally flattened body, (ii) hook-like (falciform) paroral membrane, (iii) anterior end of paroral membrane posterior to anterior end of membranelle 1, and (iv) multiple caudal cilia. Falcicyclidium fangi nov. spec., the type of the new genus, can be recognized by the combination of its large size, extremely dorsoventrally flattened (3:1) body, consistently 10 somatic kineties, and the broad, elongate buccal area occupying 60% of the body length. Falcicyclidium atractodes nov. spec. is mainly characterized by a unique spine projecting from both the anterior and posterior end. The uncommon form, Cristigera media is redescribed based on the population from Qingdao, the statistic data and additional features, especially the morphology of the living cells, are documented.     

Triuridopsis,a new monotypic genus inTriuridaceae

The new monotypic genusTriuridopsis from Peru is described. A key to the genera ofTriuridaceae worldwide is given.     

Two morpho-types of Botryllophilus (Cyclopoida,Ascidicolidae)

In taxonomic studies (in preparation) of the genus Botryllophilus from the eastern and western coastal waters of the Pacific and from the northern Gulf of California, we have found that the females are morphologically divided into 2 types. The 2 morpho-types in our material, which includes 10 species, are characterized by features of the urosome including anal segment and caudal rami, rostrum, antennule, antenna, mandible, maxillule, maxilla, maxilliped, 1st to 5th legs, and the apparatus at the oviducal aperture. These characters are described and the significance of the recognition of the 2 morpho-types is discussed for the purpose of solving taxonomic problems in Botryllophilus.     

Alternaria jesenskae sp. nov., a new species from Slovakia on Fumana procumbens (Cistaceae)

Alternaria jesenskae sp. nov. recovered from seeds of a shrubby perennial plant Fumana procumbens (Cistaceae) in Slovakia is described and illustrated. The new taxon can be clearly separated from the other related large-spored and filament-beaked Alternaria species based on sequences of the ITS1, 5.8S and ITS2 region as well as by its distinctive morphology. Even though the molecular data have shown close relatedness with A. multirostrata, the new species is morphologically most similar to A. tomatophila distinguished primarily by the pronounced colony pigmentation, conidial septation and beak branching.     

Giselinidae fam. nov., a new monophyletic group of cyclopoid copepods (Copepoda, Crustacea) from the Atlantic deep sea

Four new species of Cyclopoida from deep-sea waters are described and placed in two new genera: Giselina gen. n. and Sensogiselina gen. n. The new genera and species belong to a new monophyletic group within the cyclopinid cyclopoids. A new name, Giselinidae, is proposed for this monophylum. The new family is characterised by the combination of the following characters: (1) tergite of leg 1 fused to cephalosome dorsally, but incompletely fused laterally, (2) absence of aesthetascs on ancestral antennulary segments XVI, XXI and XXV, (3) absence of antennary exopodal setae, (4) presence of only three spines on distal exopodal segment of leg 1, (5) absence of inner setae on first endopodal segments of legs 1–4, (6) outer terminal and distal inner elements of distal endopodal segment of leg 4 transformed into spines, (7) distal outer element of leg 5 exopod transformed into a spine, (8) leg 6 with only one seta, and (9) furcal setae I and III located on dorsal margin. Received in revised form: 16 June 2000 Electronic Publication