Macrophage transformation of mononuclear cells following primary and secondary experimental immunization with measles vaccine

Cell-mediated and humoral immune response was studied in guinea pigs receiving two immunizations with live measles vaccine l-16 in doses of 1000 TCD50/0.5 ml at an interval of 45 days. The results of this study showed that the maximum level of the macrophagal transformation of mononuclears and the most intensive synthesis of antimeasles antibodies were observed on day 10 after booster immunization. The intensification of cell-mediated and humoral immune response was found to depend on the initial immunological background. The animals having had high values of cell-mediated response before booster immunization showed a decrease in these values, while an increase in antibody titers in such animals was transitory.     

Successful boosting of a DNA measles immunization with an oral plant-derived measles virus vaccine

Despite eradication attempts, measles remains a global health concern. Here we report results that demonstrate that a single-dose DNA immunization followed by multiple boosters, delivered orally as a plant-derived vaccine, can induce significantly greater quantities of measles virus-neutralizing antibodies than immunization with either DNA or plant-derived vaccines alone. This represents the first demonstration of an enhanced immune response to a prime-boost vaccination strategy combining a DNA vaccine with edible plant technology.     

梅州市两次麻疹疫苗强化免疫效果分析

目的综合评估分析梅州市两次麻疹疫苗强化免疫效果,为消除麻疹提供科学依据。方法综合分析麻疹疫苗强化免疫现场调查资料、评估法定传染病报告系统中麻疹发病率的变化;随机对辖区内1～12岁健康儿童216名,采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)进行强化免疫前及完成二次强化免疫后麻疹lgG抗体水平监测。结果监测人群完成二次强化免疫后麻疹IgG抗体阳性率达100.00%(216/216),2009年强化组、2010年强化组麻疹IgG抗体保护率和几何平均滴度(GMT)分别为82.08%、87.62%和1958.83、2050.26,均显著高于强化免疫前;2009年强化免疫后麻疹年发病率由强化免疫前五年平均发病率1.71/10万下降至0.22/10万,下降率87.13%,2010年强化后麻疹年发病率再次下降(0.039/10万),下降率82.27%。结论梅州市两次麻疹疫苗强化免疫效果显著,均大幅度降低了麻疹发病率、提高了人群麻疹抗体水平。     

郑州市麻疹疫苗强化免疫前后麻疹流行病学特征分析

目的了解郑州市麻疹疫苗强化免疫对疾病流行特征的影响,为消除麻疹采取针对性措施提供科学依据。方法对郑州市麻疹强化免疫活动前后的2010年和2011年麻疹发病情况进行描述性流行病学分析。结果郑州市强化免疫后麻疹病例大幅减少,2011年较2010年病例数减少90%;全年病例散发,无明显季节性高峰出现;病例构成仍以1岁以下儿童和无免疫史者为主;城区发病高于农村。结论此次麻疹强化免疫活动效果明显,致使麻疹发病率显著下降。     

沪191麻疹疫苗免疫持久性和影响因素的评价

１９９１～１９９８年,我们对荆州区川店镇５０３名６～１５月龄儿童进行了现行沪１９１麻疹疫苗血清流行病学效果观察,结果表明,初次免疫后１个月麻疹ＩｇＧ抗体阳转率为９１６５％,ＧＭＴ为１∶２６６７４,达保护滴度者比例为４６５％。随着时间的推移,第４年上述指标迅速下降到４６８６％、１∶１２７４和１８５％,第６年时低至２９４３％、１∶４８９和１３６％。０２ｍｌ、０３ｍｌ和０５ｍｌ麻疹疫苗组的近期和远期效果是类似的,初免后１个月时ＩｇＧ滴度越高,其免疫持久性越好;初免月龄是影响麻苗免疫效果的主要原因,６月龄初免组的免疫效果明显低于≥８月龄组。结果提示麻苗８月龄初免是可行的。     

麻疹减毒活疫苗不同剂量初免及复种后的免疫效果研究

目的评价麻疹减毒活疫苗（Measles Attenuated Live Vaccine,MV）不同接种剂量在初免及复种后的免疫效果及差异性。方法在同一观察区域、不同时段对适龄儿童分成两组采用MV0.2 ml与0.5 ml接种剂量分别在初免和复种后进行麻疹IgG抗体滴度测定。结果初免后,0.5 ml组较0.2 ml组IgG抗体阳性率、保护率分别提高5.28%与9.79%,抗体几何平均滴度（GMT）由1：543.03提高至1：813.51;初免加复种后,0.5 ml组较0.2 ml组阳性率、保护率分别提高5.32%与3.98%,GMT由1：740.49提高至1：1098.30;初免加复种较单一初免的阳性率、GMT差异有统计学意义。结论初免接种剂量0.5 ml可提高IgG抗体阳转率;复种0.5 ml与0.2 ml组的保护率差异无统计学意义,但0.5 ml组抗体阳性率、GMT较高。