巨螯螨属一新种记述：蜱螨亚纲：巨螯螨科

本文报道巨螯螨属一新种,中华巨螯螨Ｍａｃｒｏｃｈｅｌｅｓ ｓｉｎｉｃｕｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,采自新疆源和尼勒克县境天山山地的林睡鼠,天山林Ｐｉｎｇ,小林姬鼠和普通田鼠体。新种与三齿巨螯螨Ｍａｃｒｏｃｈｅｌｅｓ ｔｒｉｄｅｎｔｉｎｕｓ（Ｇ．ｅｔＲ．Ｃａｎｅｓｔｒｉｎｉ,１８８２）相似,但许多刚毛的形状和大小有明显区别。     

中国巨螯螨属1新种和1新纪录（蜱螨亚纲：巨螯螨科）

记述我国巨螯螨属１新种和１新纪录,新种为李氏巨螯螨Ｍａｃｒｏｃｈｅｌｅｓｌｉｇｕｉｚｈｅｎａｅｓｐ．ｎｏｖ,新纪录为莫岛巨螯螨ＭａｃｒｏｃｈｅｌｅｓｍｏｎｅｒｏｎｉｃｕｓＢｒｅｇｅｔｏｖａｅｔＫｏｒｏｌｅｖａ,１９６０。     

巨螯螨属一新种(蜱螨亚纲:巨螯螨科)

本文记述巨螯螨科巨螯螨属的一个新种——江苏巨螯螨Macrocheles jiangsuensis sp.nov.的雌螨和雄螨。模式标本采自江苏省丹阳县的黑线姬鼠窝内。     

巨螯螨属1新种（蜱螨亚纲：中气门目：巨螯螨科）

记述巨螯螨属1新种：拟点巨螯螨Macrocheles quasipunctatus sp. nov.     

巨螯螨属二新种记述(蜱螨亚纲,革螨股,巨螯螨科)

记述巨螯螨属2新种：神农架巨螯螨Macrocheles shennongjiaensis sp．nov．和金丝燕巨螯螨Macrocheles col—localiae sp．nov．,模式标本存于军事医学科学院微生物流行病研究所医学昆虫标本馆。     

中国巨螯螨科1新种和3新纪录（蜱螨亚纲：中气门亚目：巨螯螨科）

报道我国巨螯螨科1新种和3新纪录:(1)小板巨螯螨,新种Macrocheles platecu-lus sp.nov.,(2)异常巨螯螨Macrocheles insignitus Berlese,1918,(3)蒙氏巨螯螨Macrochelesmonchadskit Bregetova et Koroleva,1960,(4)饰样小全盾螨Holostaspella ornata(Berlese,1904)。     

萎缩巨螯螨雄螨与后若螨描述及雌螨特征补充(蜱螨亚纲:革螨股:巨螯螨科)

萎缩巨螯螨 Macrocheles reductus Petrova,1 96 6在所查到的文献中仅见雌螨描述(Брегетова,1 977)。本文描述其雄螨与后若螨 ,并补充雌螨特征。萎缩巨螯螨 Macrochelesreductus Petrova,1966雌螨形态补充描述 (图 1 - 2 )　形态与原描述所绘图 ( Брегетова,1 977)比较 ,中国标本胸板后缘凹陷较深 ;腹肛板较狭长 ,长宽为 2 53- 31 0× 1 1 5- 1 4 9(平均 2 81× 1 30 )μm,呈有变异。图 1　萎缩巨螯螨 Macrocheles reductus Petrova♀1.胸板 ;2 .腹肛板变异雄螨 (图 1 - 4)　体黄色 ,椭圆形。背板 885× 575μm,后部明…     

雕盾螨属一新种记述（蜱螨亚纲：巨螯螨科）

本文记述雕盾螨属一新种;吴氏雕盾螨采自吉林省白城的土壤和马粪中。模式标本保存于全国鼠疫布氏菌病防治基地。     

中国巨螯螨属1新种和1新纪录(蜱螨亚钢:巨螯螨科)

记述我国巨螯螨属1新种和1新纪录。新种为李氏巨螯螨Macrocheles liguizhenaesp.nov.,新纪录为莫岛巨螯螨Macrocheles moneronicus Bregetova et Koroleva,1960.     

粪巨螯螨雄螨描述(蜱螨亚纲:革螨股)

粪巨螯螨 Macrocheles merdarius( Berlese,1 889)在所查到的文献中仅描述有雌螨 [1 - 5] ,今根据集安标本描述其雄螨。图 1- 4　粪巨螯螨 Macrocheles merdarius(Berlese)♂1 .背面 ;2 .腹面 ;3 .螯钳 ;4.足 粪巨螯螨 Macrocheles merdarius( Berlese,1 889)雄螨 (图 1 - 4)体黄色 ,近六角形 ,长宽 4 0 2× 2 30μm。背毛 34对 ,均短小光滑 ,F1 基部距离较远。全腹板有胸毛 3对 ,胸后毛 1对 ,生殖毛 1对 ,腹毛 4对 ,围肛毛 3根。胸区有隙孔2对。Ad位于肛孔前缘水平 ,Ad与 PA约等于肛孔长。气门沟前端达到颚基。头盖看不清。螯钳导精…     

d(CGGTGGT) forms an octameric parallel G-quadruplex via stacking of unusual G(:C):G(:C):G(:C):G(:C) octads

Among non-canonical DNA secondary structures, G-quadruplexes are currently widely studied because of their probable involvement in many pivotal biological roles, and for their potential use in nanotechnology. The overall quadruplex scaffold can exhibit several morphologies through intramolecular or intermolecular organization of G-rich oligodeoxyribonucleic acid strands. In particular, several G-rich strands can form higher order assemblies by multimerization between several G-quadruplex units. Here, we report on the identification of a novel dimerization pathway. Our Nuclear magnetic resonance, circular dichroism, UV, gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry studies on the DNA sequence dCGGTGGT demonstrate that this sequence forms an octamer when annealed in presence of K(+) or NH(4)(+) ions, through the 5'-5' stacking of two tetramolecular G-quadruplex subunits via unusual G(:C):G(:C):G(:C):G(:C) octads.     

Nasal mites (Gamasida: Rhinonyssidae) of Paroaria coronata (Miller) (Passeriformes: Emberezidae)

With the aim of identifying the species of nasal mites of Paroaria coronata (red-crested cardinal), the nasal cavity of 40 birds were examined. The nasal mites were identified as Ptilonyssus sairae de Castro and Sternostoma pirangae Pence, with 50% and 7.5% of prevalence, respectively. This is the first record of these mite species parasitizing P. coronata. This report also amplifies the area of occurrence of S. pirangae for Brazil and that of P. sairae for Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.     

Biology of Bactrocera (Zeugodacus) tau (Walker) (Diptera: Tephritidae)

The biology of the fruit fly Bactrocera tau, an important horticultural pest, was studied under laboratory conditions at 25°C and 60–70% relative humidity on Cucurbita maxima. The duration of mating averaged 408.03 ± 235.93 min. After mating, the female fly had a preoviposition period of 11.7 ± 4.49 days. The oviposition rate was 9.9 ± 8.50 eggs and fecundity was 464.6 ± 67.98 eggs/female. Eggs were elliptical, smooth and shiny white, turning darker as hatching approached, and measured 1.30 ± 0.07 mm × 0.24 ± 0.04 mm. The chorion has polygonal microsculpturing and is species-specific with polygonal walls. The egg period lasts for 1.3 ± 0.41 days. The duration of the larval period is 1.2 ± 0.42, 1.7 ± 0.48 and 4.0 ± 0.94 days for first, second and third instars, respectively. Pupation occurs in the sand or soil and pupal periods are 7.0 ± 0.47 days. The life cycle from egg to adult was completed in 14.2 ± 1.69 days; the longevity of mated females and males was 130.33 ± 14.18 and 104.66 ± 31.21 days, respectively. At least two to three generations were observed from June 2008 to June 2009.     

Biology of Acarophenax lacunatus (Cross & Krantz) (Prostigmata: Acarophenacidae) on Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) and Cryptolestes ferrugineus (Stephens) (Coleoptera: Cucujidae)

The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of six different temperatures on the development of Acarophenax lacunatus (Cross & Krantz) using eggs of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) and Cryptolestes ferrugineus (Stephens) as hosts. The temperature affected the development of A. lacunatus. The largest values for the progeny (19 mites in T. castaneum and 15 mites in C. ferrugineus) were obtained at about 30 degrees C, as also observed for the net reproductive rate (Ro), which revealed that the A. lacunatus population increased 18 times in T. castaneum and 14 times in C. ferrugineus in a generation. The intrinsic rate of increase (r m) gradually increased with temperature, reaching the maximum value at 35 degrees C in T. castaneum (1,608) and C. ferrugineus (1,289). The generation time was negatively correlated with temperature, ranging from 1,60 to 4,85 days in T. castaneum and from 1,96 to 5,34 days in C. ferrugineus. These results suggest that the mite A. lacunatus may be used in programs of biological control of T. castaneum and C. ferrugineus in the tropics.     

形宽刺甲Bioramix(Bioramix) rotundicollis(Kaszab,1940)(鞘翅目:拟步甲科:刺甲族)的再描述

2012年在西藏普兰地区采集到鞘翅目Coleoptera拟步甲科Tenebrionidae刺甲族Platyscelidini一种昆虫:形宽刺甲Bioramix(Bioramix)rotundicollis(Kaszab,1940)。鉴于原始描述过于简单,且缺少特征图和整体照片,本文对其进行了详细描述,并附有特征图和整体照片。检视标本保存于西华师范大学标本馆和俄罗斯楚瓦什国立师范大学标本馆。     

芬兰真绥螨对苹果全爪螨的捕食作用研究

在实验条件下,系统研究了芬兰真绥螨Euseius finlandicus Oudemans对苹果全爪螨Panony-chus ulmi Koch的控制能力。研究结果表明:(1)在15～32℃的温度条件下,芬兰真绥螨雌成螨的捕食量随着温度的上升呈线型正相关。在15～25℃的温度内芬兰真绥螨的产卵量随温度升高而增加,在15℃下平均单雌产卵0.42粒,25℃时平均单雌产卵2.56粒;当温度升到32℃时单雌产卵下降为1.62粒,雌成螨的产卵量与温度的关系呈抛物线型。(2)在5～15头/叶的猎物密度下,雌成螨的捕食量随着猎物的密度增加呈线型正相关,而当猎物密度达到30头/叶时,芬兰真绥螨雌成螨的捕食量处于平稳状态。在5～15头/叶的猎物密度下,芬兰真绥螨的产卵量和产卵量均与猎物的密度呈线型正相关;当每头雌成螨捕食量为1.8～3.5头时,产卵量为1.0～1.5粒。(3)不同温度下,芬兰真绥螨对猎物的不同密度和虫态的功能反应可用圆盘方程II型进行拟合;在25℃条件下捕食效率最高且喜好捕食的虫态是卵和幼螨。     

小黑瓢虫对高氏瘤粉虱捕食作用的研究

在高氏瘤粉虱不同虫态共存的条件下,小黑标虫对高氏瘤粉虱各虫态的选择次序为卵＞1龄若虫＞2龄若虫＞3龄若虫＞4龄若虫和拟蛹,对卵的捕食率均最高,有明显的嗜好选择;小黑瓢虫幼虫捕食粉虱卵的数量,随着龄期的增长而递增,其中4龄幼虫的捕食量最大,4龄期捕食量平均为1565．42粒,占全幼虫期总食卵量的45．42％,整个幼虫期可捕食高氏瘤粉虱的卵数平均为3446．5粒。小黑瓢虫3龄幼虫对粉虱卵的捕食作用率在所给的猎物密度（1500粒／皿）条件下,随着自身密度的增加而降低。     

Interaction between Acarophenax lacunatus (Cross & Krantz) (Prostigmata: Acarophenacidae) and Anisopteromalus calandrae (Howard) (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) on Rhyzopertha dominica (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae)

The interaction between Acarophenax lacunatus (Cross & Krantz) and Anisopteromalus calandrae (Howard) may be a promising tool for the integrated pest management of stored grain insect pests. The objective of this study was to evaluate the compatibility of these two natural enemies on Rhyzopertha dominica (Fabricius). The experimental units were petri dishes (140 x 10 mm) containing 30 g of whole wheat grains (13% water content) infested with 20 adults of R. dominica. The treatments consisted of inoculation of A. lacunatus and A. calandrae, separately and associated, in eight replicates. Three inoculations of five adult females of the natural enemies were carried out in each petri dish at five, ten and fifteen days after the infestation of R. dominica. All treatments were stored during 60 days in environmental chamber at 30 +/- 1 degrees C, 60 +/- 5% relative humidity and 24 h scotophase. The smallest numbers of physogastric females of A. lacunatus and of adults of A. calandrae were obtained when the natural enemies were in association. The use of A. calandrae alone demonstrated a low instantaneous rate of increase (r(i)) of R. dominica and a high protection of the wheat grains. The association of A. calandrae with A. lacunatus led to the lowest number of immatures of R. dominica. These results demonstrate the importance of this interaction as a tool of for the integrated management of R. dominica in stored wheat grains.     

Cladistic analysis of Simulium (Trichodagmia) and Simulium (Thyrsopelma) (Diptera: Simuliidae)

A cladistic analysis of Simulium ( Trichodagmia ) sensu Crosskey and Howard, using 34 morphological characters of larvae (6 characters), pupa (5) and adults (23), yields nine most parsimonious trees under equal weights (length 101 steps CI 0.49 RI 0.73). Successive weighting based on the maximal rescaled consistency index preferred one of the nine (31.37 steps CI 0.62 RI 0.87 total fit_con3= 235.8), which was also one of two trees found under implicit weights with concavity values of 3–6. The cladogram justifies the recognition of two subgenera. Simulium ( Trichodagmia ) sensu stricto (containing S. muiscorum, sumapazense, S. wygodzinskyorum, S. nigrimanum, S. chalcocoma, S. huairayacu and S. lahillei ) is supported by the branchial tip sclerotization and the presence of cibarial teeth, larval body tegument covered with lanceolate hairs, female with simple claw, and gonapophysis size. Simulium ( Thyrsopelma ) (containing S. scutistriatum, S. hirtipupa, S. orbitale, S. guianense, S. perplexum and S. itaunense ) is supported by the hypostomial teeth.