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1.
In vitro proliferation of shoots and regeneration of cotton 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Gupta Shiv K. Srivastava Alok K. Singh Pradhyumna K. Tuli Rakesh 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》1997,51(2):149-152
Shoot proliferation from different explants of several Indian cultivars of cotton was studied in culture. Cotyledonary nodes
taken along with the shoot apex of seedlings produced multiple shoots on modified MS nutrient agar supplemented with cytokinins.
6-Benzyladenine was most effective in inducing growth of multiple shoots. Explants of several genotypes formed organogenic
masses that differentiated to secondary shoots on repeated subculture. The isolated shoots were rooted on basal medium supplemented
with naphthaleneacetic acid and were transferred to soil after acclimatization.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
2.
Multiple shoots were induced on Valenciatype peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) explants cultured in vitro on a nutrient medium supplemented with thidiazuron. Zygotic embryos excised from mature seeds were germinated on Murashige-Skoog nutrient medium, and the resulting plantlets (8 days-old) were used as a source of explants. When cultured on a nutrient medium with increasing levels of thidiazuron (0.5 to 30 mg/l), expiants from various parts of the peanut plant (except the root) produced multiple shoot primordia which subsequently developed into individual shoots. Hypocotyl and cotyledon explants produced shoots in higher numbers than other explants (20 shoots per hypocotyl explant at all thidiazuron concentrations and 15 shoots per cotyledon explant at 30 mg/l). Shoots rooted normally on a basal Murashige-Skoog medium containing charcoal and developed into healthy and fertile plants when planted in soil.Abbreviations TDZ
thidiazuron
- MSO
Murashige and Skoog (1962) basal medium
- BA
6-benzylaminopurine 相似文献
3.
Sulekha Hazra Dinesh C. Agrawal Anjan K. Banerjee Kaza V. Krishnamurthy Satish M. Nalawade 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》2001,37(6):830-834
Summary Sprouting of a single shoot was obtained from nodal segments of field-grown cotton plants (Gossypium hirsutum L. cv. DCH-32 and NHH-44) when cultured on Murashige and Skoog's (MS) basal medium devoid of plant growth regulators. Pruning
of the sprouted shoot followed by re-culturing of the explant on MS basal medium supplemented with 2.22 μM benzylaminopurine triggered the dormant ‘accessory buds’ present in the node to proliferate and differentiate into multiple
shoots. The shoots elongated on the same medium and rooted on MS basal medium devoid of growth regulators. Plantlets were
hardened under greenhouse conditions and transferred to the field. Flowering and boll formation were observed in these plants
at maturity. This technique for successful clonal propagation from mature cotton tissues should permit the rapid multiplication
of plants selected based on specific phenotypic or genotypic characteristics. 相似文献
4.
In vitro induction of multiple shoots and plant regeneration in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
D. C. Agrawal A. K. Banerjee R. R. Kolala A. B. Dhage A. V. Kulkarni S. M. Nalawade S. Hazra K. V. Krishnamurthy 《Plant cell reports》1997,16(9):647-652
Induction of multiple shoots in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L. cv. Anjali-LRK 516) has been achieved with cotyledonary nodes devoid of cotyledons and apical meristems. Explants from 35-day-old seedlings yielded the maximum number of shoots (4.7 shoots/explant) using Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium supplemented with 6-benzylaminopurine and kinetin (2.5 mg/1 each). Explants from 35-day-old seedlings raised in glass bottles produced a higher number of multiple shoots (8.3 shoots/explant) than those grown in glass tubes and cultured on the same shoot induction medium. Elongation of multiple shoots was obtained on liquid or agar MS basal medium without phytohormones. In vitro shoots were rooted on half-strength agar-solidified MS basal medium or with 0.05 or 0.1 mg/1 naphthaleneacetic acid. Hardening and survival of tissue culture plantlets was 95% under greenhouse conditions.Abbreviations
BAP
6-Benzylaminopurine
- GA3
Gibberellic acid
- MS
Murashige and Skoog medium
-
NAA
-Napthaleneacetic acid 相似文献
5.
Ewelina Piątczak Izabela Grzegorczyk-Karolak Halina Wysokińska 《Acta Physiologiae Plantarum》2014,36(7):1693-1702
Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch., a valuable medicinal plant, was successfully propagated in vitro using shoot tip explants. Shoot multiplication was performed in glass tubes and in a nutrient sprinkle bioreactor. A mixture of 0.1 mg L?1 indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and 1.0 mg L?1 of 6-benzylaminopurine in Murashige and Skoog (MS) agar-solidified medium proved the best combination for multiple shoot induction, yielding 8.2 shoots per explant after 4 weeks of culture in glass tubes. The number of shoots increased to 21 per explant when the same combination of growth regulators was used in a nutrient sprinkle bioreactor. The shoots rooted with a frequency of 93 % after 6 weeks of culture on MS agar medium supplemented with IAA (0.1 mg L?1) before being acclimatized in the greenhouse. The antioxidant activities of methanolic extracts from the leaves and roots of the in vitro-regenerated plants of R. glutinosa cultivated in the greenhouse were evaluated using four in vitro assays: scavenging of free radicals (DPPH and ABTS), transition metal reduction and total antioxidant activity phosphomolybdenum test. In all cases, the methanolic extract from leaves demonstrated better antioxidant activity than those taken from roots. A strong correlation was found between total phenolic and flavonoid content, and the antioxidant capacity of the studied extracts. 相似文献
6.
An efficient in vitro propagation system has been developed for rapid micropropagation of Soapnut (Sapindus trifoliatus Linn.), a medicinally and economically important tree from nodal (axillary bud) segments of seedlings. The frequency of shoot
regeneration from seedling node explant was influenced by the age of the seedlings, growth regulators and successive transfer
of the mother explant. Explants from 4-week-old seedlings yielded the maximum shoot regeneration frequency (97.22%) on full-strength
MS medium supplemented with 1.0 mg l−1 of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP). After harvesting the newly formed shoots, the mother explants transferred to same medium subsequently
produced a maximum of 5.16 shoots per explant after third passage. Further improvement in the morphogenic response occurred
when the nodal explants excised from in vitro regenerated shoots were employed, and 6.89 shoots per explant were obtained
on the same medium after the third subculture. Optimal rooting (91.67%) was obtained by placing the micro-shoots in liquid
MS medium with 1.0 mg l−1 IBA for 24 h and then transferring to the agar solidified MS medium devoid of IBA. The micropropagated shoots with well-developed
roots were acclimatized and successfully transplanted to soil with 90% survival rate. Genetic stability of the regenerated
plants was assessed using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD). The amplification products were monomorphic in micropropagated
plants and similar to those of mother plant. No polymorphism was detected revealing the genetic integrity of micropropagated
plants. This is the first report of an efficient protocol for regeneration of S. trifoliatus through organogenesis, which can be applied for further genetic transformation assays and pharmaceutical purposes. 相似文献
7.
Anandamoy Dam Santanu Paul Chayanika Bhattacharya Tapas K. Bandyopadhyay 《Journal of plant biochemistry and biotechnology.》2013,22(3):348-352
The optimum physical and chemical microenvironment for micropropagation of Limonium sinensis (Girard) Kuntze, var. Golden Diamond was established from immature inflorescence segments as explant. The highest frequency (62 %) of axillary shoot induction was obtained on MS medium (Murashige and Skoog Physiol Plant 15:473–497, 1962) supplemented with 8.88 μM BA, 1.34 μM of NAA and two growth additives cysteine (142.33 μM), and glutamine (684.22 μM). In the subsequent culture maximum average number of shoots (11.13?±?0.34) were obtained from micro-shoot explant on MS medium supplemented with the same additives and 2.22 μM BA. During subcultures the problem of vitrification was mitigated through increasing agar concentration from 0.8 % to 1.0 % and providing better ventilation. The in vitro developed shoots were rooted on MS medium supplemented with 2.46 μM IBA and 0.88 μM BA. Rooted plants were acclimatized successfully in the greenhouse with 80 % survival rate. RAPD analysis using 15 random decamer primers generated monomorphic banding pattern in micropropagated plants and similar to those of mother plant revealing the genetic integrity of regenerants. 相似文献
8.
Ravikumar R. Ananthakrishnan G. Kathiravan K. Ganapathi A. 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》1998,52(3):189-192
Multiple shoots were induced from seedling and axillary buds of mature plants of Dendrocalamus strictus on Murashige and Shoog's
medium supplemented with BA and kinetin. About 35–45 shoots were obtained within 20–25 days from a nodal explant of seedling
and 3–8 shoots were obtained from a nodal explant of mature plants in the primary culture. The seedling derived cultures were
separated into groups of 5–7 and transferred to fresh subculture medium. Rooting of the shoots was achieved under in vitro
and ex vitro conditions. 85–90% of rooting was achieved by the ex vitro method using IBA.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
9.
Micropropagation of Sesbania rostrata from the Cotyledonary Node 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4
Multiple shoots were induced from the cotyledonary nodes derived from seedling of Sesbania rostrata on Nitsch (1969; N) medium supplemented with various concentrations of benzyladenine (BA). 1 mg dm−3 BA proved to be the best, eliciting 5.8 ± 1.0 shoots per explant in 100 % cultures. The elongation of shoots was best at
2.0 mg dm−3 BA. The shoot proliferation capacity increased to 7.5 shoots per explant following transfer of explants to the fresh shoot
multiplication medium (MS + 1.0 mg dm−3 BA), after an initial incubation of 30 d. To further enhance number of shoots per explant an alternative strategy of cultivation
of mother explant on fresh shoot multiplication medium after excision of shoots was adopted. Following the repeated harvesting
of shoots an average of 33 shoots per explant could be obtained. The in vitro regenerated shoots produced roots when transferred to half-strength MS medium supplemented with 3 % sucrose and 1 mg dm−3 IBA. The developed plantlets were planted in the soil and transferred to the field after an acclimatization period of 3 –
4 months. These plants produced flowers and fruits in the field and exhibited the development of prominent and more organized
stem nodules as compared to the in vivo raised plants of the same age.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
10.
Morre Jorge L. Permingeat Hugo R. Romagnoli María V. Heisterborg Cintia M. Vallejos Rubén H. 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》1998,54(3):131-136
Cytokinins are involved in shoot development of plants. Events of multiple bud formation and shoot development in apical embryonic
axes of cotton treated for 2 or 20 days with the cytokinin benzyladenine (BA), were compared with the development of untreated
control axes. Meristematic regions (supernumerary vegetative buds) were observed in axes treated for 20 days with BA. An average
of 3.4 shoots per embryonary axis was obtained when explants were cultured on medium supplemented with 3 mg l-1 BA. Higher
and lower concentrations of the growth regulator yielded fewer shoots per explant. Results shown in this report suggest that
BA is directly responsible for re-programming the embryonic apical meristem axes of cotton toward the production of multiple
buds and subsequent shoot development.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
11.
F. Scaramuzzi G. Apollonio S. D’Emerico 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》1999,35(3):217-221
Summary Leaf explants of Sinningia speciosa were cultured in vitro on Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium with various growth substances in order to regenerate shoots.
On MS medium supplemented with indoleacetic acid (IAA) and kinetin, 80% of the explants produced green callus and 25 to 30
shoots with roots per explant. On MS supplemented with IAA and N6 benzyladenine (BA), 80% of the explants produced green callus and 40 to 50 shoots per explant but lacked roots. After 3–4
mo., these shoots were removed from the initial explants and transferred separately onto MS supplemented with indolebutyric
acid for their elongation and successive rooting (3 mo.). Histological studies showed that the callus was associated with
mesophyll cell layers, primarily with the spongy parenchyma. The shoots regenerated at the callus surface and were associated
with newly differentiated vascular areas. Recurrent regenerations were obtained from leaf explants or apical meristems excised
from shoots of the previous subcultures. These explants, as compared to initial cultures, had a high frequency of regeneration
and also produced more shoots per explant. Chromosome numbers of root tip cells of the mother plant and of all in vitro-regenerated
plants remained constant: 2n=26. 相似文献
12.
Summary Tennessee coneflower [Echinacea tennesseensis (Beadle) Small] was regenerated from flower stalks, leaf sections from flowering plants, and hypocotyls and cotyledons from
seedlings. Murashige and Skoog medium (MS) supplemented with naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) at 0.54 μM and thidiazuron (TDZ) at 22.7 μM yielded the most shoots per leaf explant. NAA and 6-benzylaminopurine concentrations for optimal shoot regeneration from
leaf, flower stalk, cotyledon and hypocotyl explants in MS media were 0.54 and 24.6μM, respectively. All explant types generated shoots; however, those derived from leaves and flower stalks produced the highest
number of shoots per explant and highest percentage of explants with shoots. Explants cultured on media containing high levels
of NAA (5.4–27 μM) formed calluses but no adventitious shoot. Leaf explants responded to a wider range of NAA concentrations than the other
explant types but shoots generated from flower stalks grew the fastest. While all cytokinins tested increased the number of
shoots per explant, the number of shoots in media containing TDZ was increased by nearly threefold. Regenerated shoots from
all explant types cultured on MS medium supplemented with 0.25 μM indole-3-butyric acid initiated roots within 4 wk; NAA was not effective for root induction. All vernalized plantlets developed
into plants that were morphologically identical to the source material. 相似文献
13.
Iyyakkannu Sivanesan Ju Yeon Song Seung Jae Hwang Byoung Ryong Jeong 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》2011,105(1):55-63
A simple and efficient micropropagation system was developed for Cotoneaster wilsonii through node and shoot tip explants obtained from mature field-grown plants. Of the two explants, node explants were found
to be the most effective for axillary shoot proliferation. The highest frequency of shoot induction was achieved when nodal
explants were incubated on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 0.5 mg L−1 thidiazuron (TDZ) and 0.1 mg L−1 α- naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) with an average of 34 shoots per explant. The microshoots were separated from the multiple
shoots and subcultured on MS medium supplemented with 3% (w/v) sucrose and 0.8% (w/v) agar for further shoot growth. Maximum
rooting was obtained on half-strength MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg L−1 indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). The in vitro-grown plantlets were successfully acclimatized in a glasshouse with 98% of survival.
High concentrations of TDZ (1.5–2.0 mg L−1) and repeated subcultures resulted hyperhydric shoots. Supplementation of the culture medium with silicon significantly reduced
the induction of hyperhydric shoots. Increasing silicon concentration significantly decreased malondialdehyde content of the
regenerated shoots. Data indicate that addition of silicon to the culture medium can effectively control hyperhydricity. 相似文献
14.
We describe an efficient process for the regeneration of Lonicera tatarica plants from cultured stem sections. Induction of multiple shoots was achieved directly from cultured stem cuttings. The highest regeneration rate was achieved on Gamborg's B5 medium supplemented with 4% sucrose and 0.8% Difco bacto-agar in the absence of hormones. Differentiated shoots were elongated for 5-7 days on induction medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/l GA3. Shoot induction and elongation experiments were carried out using original stem explants from either 2-, 6-, or 18-month-old donor plants. The age of the donor plant had no noticeable effect on either process. However, rooting of elongated shoots occurred only with shoots derived from 2-month-old donor plants. Rooting efficiency and proliferation were highest on half-strength WPM medium supplemented with 2 µM indole-3-butyric acid and 0.6% Keylis agar. The plants regenerated from stem explants were morphologically normal, and levels of loganin and secologanin were comparable to those detected in plants grown from seed and maintained through vegetative propagation. 相似文献
15.
Marie-Claire D'Souza Madhuri Sharon 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》2001,37(2):168-172
Summary A protocol for in vitro propagation of Bixa orellana is described. Plants were regenerated from shoot apex and nodal explants on B5 medium supplemented with 4.9 μM 2-isopentenyl adenine. The multiplication factor of shoot apex explants was higher (nine shoots per explant) than that of
the nodal explants (five shoots per explant). Regardless of the position of the nodes, all the nodal explants gave similar
responses. However, the size of the nodal explant was an important factor in producing multiple shoots: 0.5 cm nodal explants
produced the maximum multiple shoots. Regenerated shoots from shoot apex explants rooted best on MS medium supplemented with
0.05 μM α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA). whereas shoots regenerated from nodal explants needed 2.7 μM NAA for rooting. Eighty per cent survival of in vivo transferred plants occurred on the best potting substrate, coco peat. Since the multiplication factor was nine per explant,
this protocol can be use for commercial microprogation. However, the regeneration capacity declined after 10 subcultures.
Approximately, 3350 rooted plants could be generated in 10 mo. after eight subcultures, from one shoot with a shoot apex and
four nodes. 相似文献
16.
An efficient regeneration system for large-scale propagation of statice (Limonium altaica cv. Emille) was developed using leaves from mature plants. Leaf segments (5×5 mm sections) were cultured on Murashige and
Skoog's medium supplemented with N6-benzyladenine (BA) and thidiazuron (TDZ) individually and in combination with indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and α-naphthaleneacetic
acid (NAA). Prolific direct adventitious shoot regeneration occurred on most of the media. The best response in terms of frequency
of shoot regeneration (99.5%) and number of shoots per explant (112 shoots per explant) was observed on medium supplemented
with 2.85 μM IAA and 1.14 μM TDZ. The shoots rooted easily on half strength MS medium and MS medium with indole-3-butyric
acid. In vitro propagated plants could be transferred to soil with survival rates of more than 95%.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
17.
Nothapodytes nimmoniana (Icacinaceae) yields camptothecin (isoquinoline alkaloid) which is a potent anti-cancer drug. The major objectives of the present study were to develop an efficient protocol for mass propagation of N. nimmoniana using liquid medium and to compare regeneration with semisolid cultures; as also to quantify the amount of camptothecin in regenerated plants. Adventitious shoots were induced from the callus derived from nodal explants on semisolid and liquid Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 1.0, 2.0, 5.0 and 10.0???M 6-benzylaminopurine or kinetin or 2-isopentenyl adenine (2-iP). The highest number of adventitious shoots was regenerated on medium supplemented with 2.0???M BAP. Compared to semisolid medium (41.9 shoots per explant), liquid medium (165.9 shoots per explant) was found suitable for shoot induction and shoot multiplication. Shoots were rooted on MS semisolid medium of one-fourth strength containing IBA (2.4???M) and IAA (5.7???M). The plantlets were acclimatized in a growth chamber at 25°C, 60% relative humidity, with 16-h photoperiod (40???mol?m?2?s?1). The camptothecin content was determined in ex vitro plants using HPLC. The analysis revealed that the leaves and stems of ex vitro plants had a considerable amount of camptothecin and these plants could be used as a raw material for camptothecin extraction. 相似文献
18.
Elaeocarpus serratus is a fruit tree able to propagate through conventional vegetative means to a limited extent restricts its wide cultivation by the farmers. In the present report, we have developed an efficient in vitro propagation protocol using mature nodal explants from a 17-year-old tree for the first time with 6.6 shoots/culture. Explants cultured on agar (0.8%) gelled standard Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium, ½ MS, ¾ MS, White’s, Gamborg’s B5 or woody plant medium (WPM) supplemented with 2.5 µM benzyl adenine (BA) and 0.1 µM α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) showed the superiority of ½ MS medium in terms of explant response and number shoots (6.6). Further optimization of ½ MS medium by altering nutrient elements (macros, micros, vitamins and Fe EDTA) were undertaken, and MS medium composed of half-strength major salts, original strength of minor salts and vitamins were supplemented with BA (2.5 µM) and NAA (0.1 µM), produced enhanced axillary bud proliferation (8.88/explant) and shoot elongation (3.83 cm). Reculturing of original explant on this medium after IV passages produced more than 16 healthy shoots per culture which attained a length of 4.13 cm. Microshoots raised through this way were rooted (86.11%) ex vitro by pulse treatment with 2 mM indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) for 5 min followed by planting in nursery pots containing a 1:1:1 (v/v/v) mix of sand, soil, and farmyard manure. The hardened plants were successfully planted in the fruit tree garden of the Department. Genetic fidelity of micropropagated and mother plants were tested using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers which showed a high degree of monomorphism thus supported morphological uniformity of micropropagated plants. 相似文献
19.
Sampath Kasthurirengan Lifen Xie Chun Hong Li Yok King Fong Yan Hong 《Acta Physiologiae Plantarum》2013,35(8):2467-2474
An efficient in vitro propagation of Samanea saman (rain tree) protocol has been successfully developed using nodal explants from a 20-year-old tree. Higher percentage (76 %) of explants produced up to five shoots per explant on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 2 mg L?1 6-benzyladenine (BA), 0.1 mg L?1 gibberellic acid (GA3) and 100 mg L?1 casein hydrolysate after 3 weeks of culture. When explants were subcultured to fresh medium after harvesting first batch of shoots, more shoots could be generated (another eight shoots per explant). Shoot elongation was achieved (3 cm) when shoots were cultured on MS medium supplemented with 0.25 mg L?1 BA and 0.75 mg L?1 GA3. In vitro generated shoots rooted on MS medium fortified with 0.75 mg L?1 indole-3-butyric acid plus 0.1 % of activated charcoal. A higher percentage of explant response and shoots per explant were obtained on MS medium with BA and GA3. Each responsive nodal explant yields an average of 15 rooted plants within a period of 10 weeks. Rooted plantlets were successfully acclimatized in green house with a survival rate of 90 %. Micropropagated plants were tested for genetic stability using simple sequence repeats (SSR) markers. Use of the 12 high-resolution SSR markers revealed the exact same genetic profile between the mother tree (donor) and micropropagated plants, suggesting the genetic fidelity of our micropropagation protocol. The same protocol was also used successfully in propagating a “Golden Rain Tree” although response of explant and efficiency of propagation was much lower. This protocol will be useful for germplasm preservation/large scale production of true-to-type clones of desirable genotypes. 相似文献
20.
Pretreatment in thidiazuron improves the in vitro shoot induction from leaves in Curculigo orchioides Gaertn., an endangered medicinal plant 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
T. Dennis Thomas 《Acta Physiologiae Plantarum》2007,29(5):455-461
Leaf regeneration via direct induction of adventitious shoots obtained from an endangered medicinal plant, Curculigo orchioides Gaertn. by pretreating with thidiazuron. C. orchioides is an endangered medicinal herb belonging to the family Hypoxidaceae. Direct inoculation of leaf pieces on MS medium supplemented
with various concentrations of BAP (2–8 μM) or TDZ (2–8 μM) alone or in combination with NAA (0.5 and 1.0 μM) produced low
shoot induction both in terms of % response and number of shoots per explant. Hence, leaf explants were pretreated with 15,
25 or 50 μM thidiazuron (TDZ), for 6, 24 or 48 h with the aim of improving shoot regeneration from cultured explants. After
pretreatment, explants were transferred to an agar solidified MS medium that was supplemented with BAP (4 μM), TDZ (6 μM),
BAP (4 μM) + NAA (1.0 μM), TDZ (6 μM) + NAA (0.5 μM). Control explants were incubated directly on the medium without any pretreatment.
The pretreatment of explants with 15 μM TDZ for 24 h significantly promoted the formation of adventitious shoots and the maximum
response was observed on MS medium supplemented with 6 μM TDZ. In this medium, 96 % cultures responded with an average number
of 16.2 adventitious shoots per explant. The percentage of leaf explants producing shoots and the average number of shoots
per explant were significantly improved when TDZ pretreated leaves were cultured onto MS medium supplemented with BAP or TDZ
alone or in combination with NAA. The rooted plantlets were successfully transplanted to soil with 90% success. The present
investigation indicated the stimulatory role of TDZ pretreatment in regulating shoot regeneration from leaf explants of C. orchioides. 相似文献