短小芽孢杆菌碱性蛋白酶BP的纯化和性质

短小芽孢杆菌产生的碱性蛋白酶BP经CM—Sephadex-C-50和Sephadex-G75两个柱层析,得到了聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳纯的酶组分,比活力从1307μ/mg提高到5538μ/mg.活力回收为21%,酶水解酪蛋白的最适反应温度为50℃,最适pH为9.5,Mn^2+、Ca^2+对酶有激活作用,Hg2+、Ag^+对酶有抑制作用.酶的热稳定性不高,但在Ca^2+保护下,热稳定性明显提高.酶的最适作用底物为酪蛋白,对血红蛋白、蛇毒蛋白、牛血清蛋白、卵蛋白、核糖核酸酶也有水解作用.对酪蛋白的Km为0.62%,V_max为50μg/min.DFP可完全抑制酶活性,PMSF和NBS也严重抑制酶活力,PCMB、_o-PTH和EDTA几乎不抑制酶活力.纯酶的分子量为25000Dal.该酶蛋白含有17种氨基酸,其中甘氨酸(Gly)和丙氨酸(Ala)为主要氨基酸.     

短小芽孢杆菌碱性蛋白酶的提纯和性质的研究

由短小芽孢杆菌(Bacillus pumilus)209产生的胞外碱性蛋白酶的粗酶制剂(5×10 4u／g),经硼砂NaOH缓冲液抽提,硫酸铵沉淀,Sephadex G一25脱盐,DEAE-纤维素柱层析,冷冻干燥获得部分纯化的酶。纯酶的活力为199x10u/g,比活力提高2,6倍。此酶的最适pH8．5—9．0,在pH6一10之间稳定,因此是属于微碱性蛋白酶“’。最适温度为50℃,在50℃以下稳定,在60℃处理10分钟活力损失95％。0.003村c丑件的存在对酶的热稳定性和pH稳定性均有显著提高。Ag+,Cu2+,Fe2+,Hg+,Zn2+ 对酶有抑制作用;Mn2+有明显的激活作用;1×10-3M的PCMB,IAA,O-PTH,PMSF对活力无影响;1×10-3M EDTA对酶有30％的抑制作用;在40℃用NBS(1×10-4M)、DFP(2．5mM)对醢进行10分钟处理,酶活力完全损失。此酶能水解多种天然蛋白,如酪蛋白、血红蛋白、蛇毒蛋白等,不水解鱼精蛋白和溶菌酶。以酪蛋白为底物测得的km值为0．66×10-2g／ml。在pH7．3进行圆盘凝胶电泳,虽然呈现九条带,但均具有大小不等的蛋白酶活力。     

短小芽孢杆菌2080碱性蛋白酶的纯化与性质

短小芽孢杆菌（Bacillus pumilus）2080碱性蛋白酶的发酵液经超滤、硫酸铵沉淀、CM Sepharose Fast Flow和DEAE Sepharose Fast Flow离子交换层析得到了纯化的组分。SDS-PAGE电泳分析显示其分子量约为61kDa。酶学性质研究表明,该纯化酶的最适pH为10．5,最适温度为50℃。     

嗜碱性短小芽孢杆菌碱性蛋白酶的研究III．酶的性质及应用

本文对嗜碱性短小芽孢杆菌(Alkaliphilic Bacillus pumilus)B45菌株产生的碱性蛋白酶性质进行了研究。该酶对酪蛋白水解的最适pH为10．0—10．5,在PH7-l0之间稳定,最适反应温度为45℃,稳定性较好。最适底物浓度为1％。四硬酸钠、氯化钙对酶有激活作用,三聚磷酸钠及碳酸钠在常温下对酶话力无影响,而在40℃时对活力略有抑制,加入0．2g／LCaCl2可以保护酶的活性。B 45蛋白酶对血、奶污布的去污效果明显,其去污力比一般洗衣粉高10-13倍。     

短小芽孢杆菌289(pBX96)α-淀粉酶的性质

将巨大芽孢杆菌(Bacillus megaterium)α-淀粉酶基因克篷到短小芽饱杆菌(Bacilluspumilus)中获得表达。将该工程菌发酵液的上清液,经硫酸铵分级盐析和DEAE-纤维素柱层析,得到纯化的α-淀粉酶。此酶的最适pH为6．0;在pH 5—8之间稳定;最适反应温度为55℃;金属离子Zn2+、Ab2+、Cu2+、Ag+对酶有明显的抑制作用;Ca2+、Na+,K+对酶略有激活作用：3 x 10-3mol／L对氯汞苯甲酸(PCMB)对酶有95％的抑制作用;其免疫性质与枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)所产生的α-淀粉酶相同。     

短小芽孢杆菌碱性蛋白酶基因启动子的克隆、鉴定及其应用

利用TAIL-PCR(Thermal asymmetric interlaced PCR)从短小芽孢杆菌基因组中扩增到碱性蛋白酶基因编码区上游的启动子片段。对该片段的序列测定和分析表明, 此片段长797 bp, 但与基因表达有关的序列长约390 bp。对启动子片段进行不同长度的缺失突变, 以获得最小的基因启动子片段, 结果表明, 该基因起始密码子上游约160 bp的DNA片段就可以启动基因的表达。将含有该片段的碱性蛋白酶基因WApQ3插入大肠杆菌-芽孢杆菌穿梭质粒载体pSUGV4中, 构建了碱性蛋白酶基因表达质粒pSUBpWApQ3。将该质粒分别转入枯草芽孢杆菌和短小芽孢杆菌中表达, 可在胞外检测到碱性蛋白酶活性, 最高酶活分别为466.5 U/mL和3060 U/mL。     

短小芽孢杆菌HR10产孢培养基及发酵条件优化

短小芽孢杆菌(Bacillus pumilus)HR10是一株具有促生抗逆作用的优良菌株.探究菌株HR10产孢的最佳发酵培养条件,对于在更大规模上进行生产发酵具有重要的指导意义.以稀释涂布平板法计数活菌数和芽孢数并计算芽孢率;对菌株HR10产孢培养基的碳源、氮源和无机盐进行单因素分析及正交试验,并采用摇瓶发酵法对影响菌...     

短小芽胞杆菌产碱性木聚糖酶发酵条件的研究

碱性木聚糖酶在碱性条件下催化水解木聚糖,广泛应用于造纸、纺织等领域.着重对短小芽胞杆菌M-11产碱性木聚糖酶的发酵条件进行初步的探索.研究了菌株的生长曲线、确定最佳接种龄为16 h、最佳接种量为1％;确定最适碳源浓度为7％、最适单一氮源为氯化铵、其浓度为1.0％、最适无机盐为氯化铁、其浓度为3 mmol/L;在此基础之上进行6因素3水平的正交试验,确定最适产酶培养基组成:麸皮5％,接种量3％,氯化铵1.2％,氯化铁3.5 mmol/L,硫酸镁0.03％,氯化钠5 mmol/L,磷酸氢二钾0.4％;最适培养条件:接种龄16 h,初始pH 8.0,温度37℃,300 mL摇瓶装液量50 mL,摇床转速220 r/min,发酵周期48 h.通过对发酵条件的优化使发酵液酶活达613 IU/mL.无机氮源为其最适氮源,因此短小芽胞杆菌M-11在碱性木聚糖酶的产品开发上优于短小芽胞杆菌M -26.     

侧孢短芽胞杆菌产生线虫侵染性蛋白酶的优化

采用单因素试验确定侧孢短芽胞杆菌G4产线虫侵染性蛋白酶的最佳碳氮源,通过Placket-Burman设计筛选影响蛋白酶活力的主效因子,最陡坡试验和Box-Behnken设计获得主效因子的最佳水平,建立线虫侵染性蛋白酶的最佳生产体系:葡萄糖9.78 g/L、牛肉膏16.65 g/L、磷酸氢二钾0.75 g/L、可溶性淀粉12.5 g/L、氯化钠0.75 g/L、硫酸镁0.5 g/L、初始pH值自然、装液量50 mL,37℃摇瓶培养32 h,蛋白酶活力可达12 379.41 U/mL,较优化前的2 476.3 U/mL提高了4倍。     

一株高效羽毛降解菌株的分离与鉴定

采用以羽毛粉为唯一碳源和氮源的培养基,从自然界中分离到一株能够高效降解羽毛角蛋白的细菌,经形态学观察,生理生化实验和16SrRNA基因鉴定,初步确定该菌株为短小芽孢杆菌(Bacillus pumilus),且命名为短小芽孢杆菌WHK4。发酵48 h时,羽毛粉降解率达到85.76%。本研究为微生物降解羽毛角蛋白提供了优良的菌株,在蛋白饲料生产中具有潜在的广泛的应用前景。     

地衣芽孢杆菌D-1产碱性蛋白酶培养条件的优化

为了对产碱性蛋白酶的地衣芽孢杆菌D-1的培养条件进行优化,利用10 L发酵罐,采用正交设计19(34)试验,对培养温度、pH值、搅拌转速、通气量4条件进行优化,得到地衣芽孢杆菌D-1发酵产碱性蛋白酶的最优培养条件为:培养温度37.0℃,pH值7.5,通气量4L/min,搅拌转速300r/min.利用最优条件组合进行验证...     

Production of an alkaline protease using Bacillus pumilus D3 without inactivation by SDS,its characterization and purification

Abstract

In this study, protease-producing capacity of Bacillus pumilus D3, isolated from hydrocarbon contaminated soil, was evaluated and optimized. Optimum growing conditions for B. pumilus D3 in terms of protease production were determined as 1% optimum inoculum size, 35?°C temperature, 11 pH and 48?h incubation time, respectively. Stability studies indicated that the mentioned protease was stable within the pH range of 7–10.5 and between 30?°C and 40?°C temperatures. Surprisingly, the activity of the enzyme increased in the presence of SDS with concentration up to 5?mM. The protease was concentrated 1.6-fold with ammonium sulfate precipitation and dialysis. At least six protein bands were obtained from dialysate by electrophoresis. Four clear protein bands with caseinolytic activity were detected by zymography. Dialysate was further purified by anion-exchange chromatography and the caseinolytic active fraction showed a single band between 29 and 36?kDa of reducing conditions.     

Purification and molecular characterization of subtilisin-like alkaline protease BPP-A from Bacillus pumilus strain MS-1

AIMS: The present study was conducted by screening zein-degrading bacteria in an attempt to obtain zein-degrading protease. METHODS AND RESULTS: Soil bacteria were screened by formation of a clear zone on zein plates. Characterization of a zein-degrading bacterium indicated a taxonomic affiliation to Bacillus pumilus, and was named MS-1 strain. The strain produced two different types of extracellular proteases, BPP-A and BPP-B. In this study, we purified and characterized BPP-A because it exhibited a higher ability to hydrolyze zein than BPP-B. When casein was used as the substrate, the optimal pH for BPP-A was 11.0. In BPP-A, zein was better substrate than casein at pH 13.0, whereas casein was better one than zein at pH 11.0. The bppA gene encoded a 383-amino acid pre-pro form of BPP-A, and mature BPP-A contained 275 amino acid residues. It was concluded that BPP-A belonged to the subtilisin family. CONCLUSION: A zein-degrading bacterium assigned to B. pumilus produced two different types of extracellular proteases, BPP-A and BPP-B. BPP-A exhibited an ability to hydrolyze zein in an extreme alkaline condition. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: This is a first report on screening for zein-degrading micro-organisms. The subtilisin-like protease BPP-A is possible to utilize as an industrial enzyme for the production of zein hydrolysates.     

耐碱性木聚糖酶基因在短小芽孢杆菌中高效分泌表达的研究

从木聚糖酶高产短小芽孢杆菌 (Bacilluspumilus)BP5 1中克隆得到木聚糖酶基因xynA ,将其构建在芽孢杆菌表达载体pWH1 5 2 0中得到重组质粒pWSX1 1。xynA由木糖诱导xylA启动子调控xynA表达。采用同源高效表达策略 ,以原生质体转化方法将pWSX1 1转回原始菌株BP5 1中 ,获得重组菌株BPX1 1。通过木糖诱导重组菌株中的xy nA基因高效分泌表达 ,使木聚糖酶产酶活力比原菌株BP5 1提高了 87% ,同时对重组表达的木聚糖酶的酶学性质进行了初步研究     

Screening and mutagenesis of a novel Bacillus pumilus strain producing alkaline protease for dehairing

AIMS: To characterize and optimize a novel Bacillus pumilus strain isolated from biological waste which produces protease with excellent dehairing effect. This newly isolated strain could be utilized in the industrial leather dehairing process. METHODS AND RESULTS: Bacterial strains secreting proteases were screened from biological wastes. Positive clones were further characterized by analysing their efficacy in dehairing and effects on collagen integrity. Among 171 colonies tested, a strain BA06, identified as B. pumilus, was picked owing to its efficient dehairing capabilities with minimal impact on collagen. By combined mutagenesis using UV, N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosdguanidine and Co(60)-gamma-rays, this strain was further improved with regard to its alkaline protease production. The alkaline protease activity of the mutant strain SCU11was greatly improved up to 6000 U ml(-1), in comparison with its parent strain BA06 of 1200 U ml(-1). CONCLUSIONS: By using screening and mutagenesis methods, we have successfully created a B. pumilus strain that can produce high levels of alkaline proteases that are able to efficiently remove hair from skin with minimal damage on the collagen. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: This strain could be used in commercial alkaline protease production for leather dehairing.     

地衣芽孢杆菌固态发酵麻疯树饼粕产蛋白酶及其酶学性质

利用地衣芽孢杆菌作为出发菌株,以提油后的麻疯树饼粕作为培养基,采用固态发酵方式生产蛋白酶。控制培养基湿度为125%,添加10%的乳糖和5%的蛋白胨,30°C条件下发酵3d,蛋白酶产量达到最大值(7465U/g)。酶学性质研究表明,蛋白酶最适作用pH为5?6,最适催化温度为55°C,最大催化速度Vmax为0.0324μmol/(s·mg),Km值为0.0531mmol/L。有机溶剂对酶活力有明显促进作用,10%(V/V)甲醇和5%(V/V)乙醇可以使酶活力分别提高13.55%和70.9%。Mg2+可以使蛋白酶活力提高42.54%,而Hg2+却使酶彻底失活。