水杨酸在植物抗环境胁迫中的作用

水杨酸在植物的抗病方面发挥着重要作用。近年来的研究还表明 ,水杨酸在植物的抗冷、热、盐、干旱、臭氧、重金属等环境胁迫方面也有明显的作用。该文介绍近年来有关水杨酸在植物抗环境胁迫方面的研究进展 ,并探讨了其作用机理。     

水杨酸对盐胁迫下管花蒲公英的保护作用

以管花蒲公英为材料,研究盐分胁迫对其的生理影响及水杨酸对盐胁迫条件下的管花蒲公英的保护作用。结果表明：水杨酸能够降低盐胁迫条件下相对电导率,提高体内过氧化物酶等细胞保护性酶的活性;提高可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白的含量,提高管花蒲公英对盐胁迫的抗逆性。     

水杨酸与植物抗非生物胁迫

本文综述了水杨酸在诱导植物抗（耐）非生物胁迫如重金属、臭氧、紫外辐射、过冷、热激、水分亏缺和盐胁迫等方面的进展,并探讨了水杨酸作用的分子、生理机制。     

水杨酸和阿斯匹林对小麦幼苗生长过程中盐害的缓解作用

以小麦为材料,研究盐分胁迫对小麦幼苗生长的影响以及水杨酸和阿斯匹林对小麦幼苗生长过程中盐害的缓解作用。结果表明,水杨酸和阿斯匹林能够相对提高盐分胁迫条件下小麦幼苗叶片的相对含水量,降低叶片质膜透性和盐害对细胞膜的伤害,提高幼苗体内超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化物酶等细胞保护酶的活性,抑制过氧化作用产物丙二醛的积累;同时发现外源水杨酸和阿斯匹林还能够提高幼苗体内ＡＴＰ的含量,维持幼苗能量代谢和供应的正常进行,从而提高小麦对盐分胁迫的适应性     

盐胁迫对植物叶绿素荧光影响的研究进展

盐胁迫是制约植物生长发育的主要非生物胁迫之一, 研究植物的耐盐机理对开发和有效利用盐碱地有重要的意义。叶绿素荧光动力技术作为研究植物光合生理状况及植物与逆境胁迫关系的理想方法, 可表明外界胁迫环境对植物光合器官的伤害程度。通过总结性阐述盐胁迫对植物叶绿素荧光的影响, 分别从盐分类型、植物类型、光照强度以及盐旱交互作用等方面分析了植物叶绿素荧光对盐胁迫的响应, 进而反映盐胁迫对植物光合能力的影响程度, 并提出增强植物抗盐性的途径, 包括施加外源物质、利用转基因技术、真菌的协同效应和培育耐盐品种。最后对叶绿素荧光动力技术在抗盐胁迫的运用前景进行了展望, 提出了当前研究需要解决的问题, 旨在为提高植物耐盐能力提供一定的理论依据。     

水杨酸与植物抗非生物胁迫

本文综述了水杨酸在诱导植物抗（耐）非生物胁迫如重金属、自氧、紫外辐射、过冷、热激、水分亏缺和盐胁迫等方面的进展,并探讨了水杨酸作用的分子、生理机制。     

植物盐分胁迫与水分胁迫的异同

在农业院校的植物生理学教材中,植物的抗旱性与抗盐性是逆境生理部分的重点内容.水分胁迫与盐分胁迫、植物的抗旱性与抗盐性既有许多相同之处,又有严格的区别.但在教科书中没有专门的章节对它们的异同点作具体分析.随着植物抗旱与抗盐生理研究的发展和深入,我们认为有必要对这一问题进行一些探讨. 　　……     

水杨酸与植物抗逆性的关系

水杨酸(SA)是植物体内的一种新型激素,它不仅能调节植物的一些生长发育过程,还在植物抗生物胁迫和非生物胁迫中发挥着重要作用。重金属、热、盐等逆境能诱导植物体内SA的合成,缓解逆境对植物造成的伤害,增强植物的抗逆性能力。     

植物抗盐机理研究进展

对近年来植物抗盐机理的研究进展作了概述,阐明了植物对盐分的反应及盐分对植物的不同伤害,并从盐生植物的形态、生理和分子水平上综述了盐生植物的抗盐机理,最后对今后植物抗盐机理的研究可能存在的问题提出了自己的观点.     

水杨酸和阿斯匹林对产幼苗生长过程中盐害的缓解作用

以小麦为材料,研究盐分腔迫对小麦幼苗生长的影响以及水杨酸和阿斯匹林对小麦幼苗生长过程中盐害的缓解作用。结果表明,水杨酸和阿斯匹林能够相提高盐分胁迫条件下小麦幼苗叶片的相对含水量,降低叶片质膜透性和直地细胞膜的伤害,提高幼苗体内超氧化物歧化酶、     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.