Type study of Pluteus atrofuscens (Agaricales, Pluteaceae)

Specimens including the holotype of Pluteus atrofuscens, a morphologically poorly known species reported from Japan, are examined, and it is newly defined as the third species belonging to the section Villosi. This species is described with the aid of line drawings showing the microscopic characteristics.     

Two new species ofInocybe, sectionMarginatae (Agaricales, Cortinariaceae) from Japan

Two new species of the sectionMarginatae are described, namely,Inocybe populea sp. nov. andI. leptoclada sp. nov., from western Japan and eastern Japan, respectively.Inocybe leptoclada is assigned to sectionMarginatae, even though it lacks a marginate bulb.Inocybe populea is placed in the sectionMarginatae because of the presence of a marginate (often indistinct) bulbous base of stipe and the caulocystidia throughout. The discoveries ofI. leptoclada andI. populea provide further evidence that sectionMarginatae and sectionInocybe [=Cortinatae] are poorly defined.     

Two new species and one new variety of Oudemansiella (Agaricales) from Japan

Two new species and one new variety of Oudemansiella (Agaricales) from Japan are described and illustrated: (1) Oudemansiella latilamellata sp. nov. (subgenus Xerula, section Radicatae) has relatively broad lamellae and broadly ellipsoid spores with a subacute apex; (2) Oudemansiella rhodophylla sp. nov. (subgenus Xerula, section Radicatae), growing in deciduous forests of Fagus crenata, Quercus crispula, etc., is characteristic in having lamellae tinted reddish; and (3) Oudemansiella amygdaliformis var. bispora var. nov. (subgenus Xerula, section Albotomentosae) is distinguished from the type variety by having two-spored basidia and grows in evergreen oak forests (Castanopsis sieboldii, Quercus glauca, etc.) or bamboo groves.     

Two new species and one new combination of Agaricales from Japan

 Two new species and one new combination of Agaricales are described and illustrated from eastern Honshu, Japan, and Ishigaki Island, southwestern Japan: (1) Gymnopus oncospermatis comb. nov. (subsection Vestipedes of section Vestipedes), new to Japan, has pale brown to whitish, collybioid basidiomata with very close lamellae, and forms a distinct white extensive mycelial mat on the dead leaf bases of the palm Satakentia liukiuensis in Ishigaki Island; (2) Hydropus aurarius sp. nov. (subsection floccipedes of section floccipedes), forming clitocyboid basidiomata with a dark brown furfuraceous pileus and stipe and vivid yellow lamellae, found on fallen dead twigs in oak forests; and (3) Tylopilus castanoides sp. nov. (section Oxydabiles), forming medium to large, reddish-brown basidiomata with a minutely scurfy-punctate stipe, found in Carpinio quercion forests. Received: May 20, 2002 / Accepted: July 17, 2002 Acknowledgments I am grateful to Dr. Yousuke Degawa (KPM) for allowing the specimens cited to be kept in the Kanagawa Prefectural Museum of Natural History. Thanks are also owed to Mr. Sadayoshi Uehara, Mr. Wakao Ikeda, Mrs. Youko Ando, Dr. Yasushi Shibata, and Mr. Yasuhiko Goto for provision of specimens. Correspondence to:H. Takahashi     

Phylogeny of the Pluteaceae (Agaricales, Basidiomycota): taxonomy and character evolution

The phylogeny of the genera traditionally classified in the family Pluteaceae (Agaricales, Basidiomycota) was investigated using molecular data from nuclear ribosomal genes (nSSU, ITS, nLSU) and consequences for taxonomy and character evolution were evaluated. The genus Volvariella is polyphyletic, as most of its representatives fall outside the Pluteoid clade and shows affinities to some hygrophoroid genera (Camarophyllus, Cantharocybe). Volvariella gloiocephala and allies are placed in a different clade, which represents the sister group of Pluteus, and a new generic name, Volvopluteus, is proposed to accommodate these taxa. Characters such as basidiospore size and pileipellis structure can be used to separate Pluteus, Volvariella and Volvopluteus. The genus Pluteus is monophyletic and includes species with partial veil traditionally classified in the genus Chamaeota. The evolution of morphological features used in the infrageneric taxonomy of the genus, such as metuloid cystidia and pileipellis structure, was analyzed. Agreement between the molecular phylogeny and morphological subdivision of Pluteus is, generally speaking, good, though some rearrangements are necessary: (i) species with non-metuloid pleurocystidia and pileipellis as a cutis are placed either in sect. Celluloderma, together with the species characterized by a hymenidermal pipeipellis, or in sect. Pluteus, with the metuloid bearing species; (ii) subdivision of sect. Celluloderma according to the presence/absence of cystidioid elements in the pileipellis is not supported by molecular data.     

A new species ofPsilocybe (Agaricales)

Psilocybe laetissima sp. n. of the sect.Merdariae is close toP. sabulosa s.l. and known to us from Austria, Hungary, and West Germany.     

Two new species in Memecylon (Melastomataceae) from India

Two new species in Memecylon, M. kollimalayana and M. bremeri , of Melastomataceae are described here with illustrations from the Kollihills of Salem District in Tamil Nadu, India.     

Two additional new species of the Stenus indubius group (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae) from China

Two new species of the Stenus indubius group from China are described: Stenus huapingensissp. n. from Guangxi Province and Stenus zhujianqingisp. n. from Zhejiang Province. Habitus photos and illustrations of diagnostic characters of the new species and two described species, Stenus paradecens Tang & Li, 2005 and Stenus guniujiangense Tang & Li, 2005, are provided.     

A new species of Psathyrella (Agaricales,Coprinaceae) from Mexico with discussions on the known species

Psathyrella hypertropicalis, a new species, is described from a high mountain (Cofre de Perote) in the State of Veracruz, Mexico above the subtropical zone. This species is intermediate betweenP. velutina of the temperate regions andP. sepulchralis from the subtropical regions of Mexico. A list of the 26 species ofPsathyrella of Mexico is presented, of which 21 are from the tropics and subtropics, three from the temperate regions (P. velutina, P. spadicea, andP. hypertropicalis), and two with a broad distribution (P. candolleana andP. disseminata). Eleven are only known from Mexico.     

Two new species of Patellaria from India

Summary The paper deals with two new species ofPatellaria i.e.,Patellaria lantanae sp. nov. onLantana camara L. andPatellaria ipomoeae sp. nov. onIpomoea sp.Phoenix sylvestrisRoxb. andAcacia arabicaWilld. constitute new host records for the above species.     

Two new species of Parmelina from India

Parmelina chozoubae and P. nagalandica are described on the basis of collections made from Nagaland, India.     

Two new species of aphids (Homoptera: Aphididae) from North-west India

Two new aphids viz. Prociphilus (Stagona) himalayaensis sp. nov. infesting the roots of Pinus excelsa and an unidentified plant and Capitophorus tricholepidis sp. nov. infesting Tricholepis furcata, collected from Simla Himalayas and Kumaon Himalayas, respectively, of the North-west India are described.     

Two new species of Lejeunea Lib. (Hepaticae: Lejeuneaceae) from Sikkim,India

Abstract

Two new species of Lejeunea Lib., L. kashyapii sp. nov. and L. mehrana sp. nov. are described from Sikkim, India. The former is characterized by sub-orbicular leaves; first tooth of leaf lobule, 1–3 cells long 1–2 cells wide at base; reniform underleaves slightly wider than long; monoicous sexuality; 2–3-paired male bracts; obcordate perianth with 4–5 smooth keels (2 lateral, auriculate; 2 ventral; 0–1 dorsal, indistinct). Whereas, the latter is characterized by oblong – ovate leaves; lobule 1/6–1/5 as long as lobe; distant – contiguous underleaves with 1–3 teeth on each lobe; dioicous (?) sexuality; 2–4-paired male bracts and 1–2 male bracteoles present near the base of androecia. A key to the Indian species of the genus are provided.     

Two new species of Cololejeunea from Peninsular India

Abstract

Two new species of Cololejeunea (sub-genus Lep tocolea), C. pandei sp. nov. and C. dentifolia sp. nov. are described from fudia. Both species are epiphyllous with ascending leaves. The former is characterized by uniseriate stylus, serrated margin of leaf, discoid gemmae on ventral surface of leaf-lobe with 2-3 mamillose cells and inflated perianthwith lateral winged plicae. The latter is characterized by dentate margin of leaf, leaf-cells with distinct trigones and intermediate nodular, thickenings, bidentate leaf-lobule and discoid gemmae with 4 mamillose cells.