单宁酶的固定化及其在酯型儿茶素水解反应中的应用

采用自制的壳聚糖为载体对单宁酶（ＴＡ）固定化,ＴＡ与壳聚糖配比１：２．５,３０℃固定２ｈ,活力回收达２３．６％～３３．１％;偶联效率为８４．９％～８８．０％。固定化单宁酶（ＩＴＡ）的表观Ｋｍ值（以没食子酸丙酯为底物）为２２．２×１０－６ｍｏｌ／Ｌ,ＴＡ的Ｋｍ值（以没食子酸丙酯为底物）为１０×１０－６ｍｏｌ／Ｌ,ＴＡ和ＩＴＡ的最适反应温度分别为４０℃和５０℃;６０℃处理１５ｍｉｎ,残存活性分别为１３．６％和６０．３％。ＴＡ和ＩＴＡ的最适ｐＨ值分别为５．８和６．４;ＴＡ在ｐＨ４．８～７．８活力稳定,而ＩＴＡ活力稳定范围在ｐＨ４．８～６．８．ＩＴＡ作用于ＥＧＣＧ的半衰期为７８．７ｈ,ＥＧＣＧ水解率达９０．３％。对茶多酚提取物进行水解,其所含的酯型儿茶素ＥＧＣＧ和ＥＣＧ水解率分别为９６．４％和９６．８％,非酯型儿茶素ＥＧＣ和ＥＣ的含量显著增加。     

无花果蛋白酶在阴离子交换树脂上的固定化

无花果蛋白酶通过８％戊二醛活化载体,共价结合到聚苯乙烯阴离子交换树脂ＧＭ２０１上,固定化作用在ｐＨ７．７,酶浓度０．８ｍｇ／ｇ树脂,４℃下进行６ｈ。得到的固定化酶表观Ｋ_ｍ值（酪蛋白,１．１１×１０~（－４）ｍｏｌ／Ｌ）小于溶液酶Ｋ_ｍ值（１．９６×１０~（－４）ｍｏｌ／Ｌ）;固定化酶活性在ｐＨ６～８保持稳定,溶液酶最适ｐＨ为７．２;固定化酶最适温度由溶液酶的５０～６０℃移至３７℃;固定化酶２５℃保持７ｄ,重复水解酪蛋白７次后,保留８３．３％活性。固定化酶对酪蛋白水解度达４７．５％,对大豆球蛋白达１１．６％。     

血红素加氧酶系的共固定化及部分性质研究

为了检测血红素加氧酶系分子间的相互作用和共固定化酶系的反应动力学,利用２′,５′－ＡＤＰ－Ｓｅｐｈａｒｏｓｅ４Ｂ柱对血红素加氧酶、ＮＡＤＰＨ－细胞色素ｃ还原酶和胆绿素还原酶进行非膜重组,再以纤维素为载体,用重氮化法固定此重组的酶复合物和共固定非重组的３种酶,发现固定化的重组酶系比非重组酶系能更好地发挥协同作用,在室温条件下可催化血红素一步合成胆红素．共固定化酶的最适ｐＨ为７．２,最适温度为３８℃,Ｋｍ值为０．９３μｍｏｌ／Ｌ．巯基试剂和金属卟淋对固定化酶有抑制作用,共固定化酶比游离酶系稳定性提高,３８℃下的操作半寿期可延长至４２０ｈ,在０～４℃保存两个月其酶活力无明显变化．     

放线菌果胶酶产酶条件及酶促反应条件的研究

从埋麻土壤中分离到放线菌２９８株,经初筛和复筛得到产酶活性较高的一株放线菌５－７１。最适产酶条件是：果胶０．５％,葡萄糖０．５％,蛋白胨０．５％,酵母粉０．１％,Ｋ２ＨＰＯ４ ０．１％,ＫＨ２ＰＯ４ ０．１％,ＮａＣｌ０．１％,ＭｇＳＯ４·７Ｈ２Ｏ０．０５％,ｐＨ８．０。２５℃培养３天达产酶高峰。通气量对产酶影响不大。酶促反应最适条件是：ｐＨ９．６,４５℃,底物果胶浓度０．７５％,作用时间９０ｍｉ     

产3-脱氧葡糖醛酮代谢酶微生物的研究*

从海洋细菌中筛选到一株产３－脱氧葡糖醛酮代谢酶活力较高的菌株Ｆｓ－４—Ｃ－３,并对其进行了最适产酶条件的研究。实验证明：以鱼肉蛋白胨为氮源、蔗糖为碳源,在培养基起始ｐＨ值为７．８～８．０,温度为２８℃,盐度为５％的情况下,培养９６ｈ,产酶最高。３－ＤＧ可以诱导产酶。     

蔗糖酶和葡萄糖氧化酶的共固化

＃ 本文研究了用吸附交联技术共固定化蔗糖酶和葡萄糖氧化酶(GOD)的方法,考查了共固定化酶的动力学性质。试验结果表明:与溶液酶相比较,固定化蔗糖酶和GOD的响应滞迟期分别为3分钟和2分钟,稳态响应时间增加了6分钟和4分钟,Km值增大,pH—活力曲线变宽,最适pH值分别增大0.7和0.64,最适温度则降低7.3℃和16℃。 以活性氧化铝作载体,戊二醛作交联剂制备的共固定化蔗糖酶和GOD,其蛋白质固定化率为62.9％,分解葡萄糖的总速度为441.6IU,当蔗糖浓度为0.2％,以内时其反应速度与蔗糖的浓度呈正相关(r=0.996),使用半衰期1623次,在4℃下保存120天活力残存为83.7％。     

人血红细胞酷氨酸蛋白磷酸酶（PTPP）的研究：Ⅱ.胞浆PTPP的分离纯…

人血红细胞胞浆部分经（ＮＨ４）２ＳＯ４沉淀,ＤＥＡＥ－纤维素（ＤＥ２）柱层析,磷酸纤维素柱层析（Ｐ１１）得到部分纯化的ＰＴＰＰ,产率;５．７％,提纯１０７５倍。以＾３２Ｐ－Ｔｙｒ－Ｐｏｌｙ（Ｇ４：Ｔ）作底物,测得其表征Ｋｍ约为０．５－０．８μｍｏｌ／Ｌ。该酶的最适ｐＨ和最适温度分别为７．０－７．８及３７－４０℃。Ｚｎ＾２＋等二价金属离子及Ｎａ３ＶＯ４等酸根基团对其活性有明显的抑制作用;ＥＤＴＡ、甘     

产3—脱氧葡糖醛酮代谢酶微生物的研究

从海洋细菌中筛选到一株产３－脱氧葡糖醛酮代谢酶活力较高的菌株Ｆｓ－４－Ｃ－３,并对其进行了最适产酶条件的研究。实验证明：以鱼肉蛋白胨为氮源、蔗糖为碳源,在培养基起始ｐＨ值为７．８～８．０,温度为２８℃,盐度为５％的情况下,培养９６ｈ,产酶最高,３－ＤＧ可以诱导产酶。     

中温碱性脂肪酶的研究：Ⅲ.扩展青霉PF868变株碱性脂肪酶的纯化及其…

扩展青霉ＰＦ８６８变株发酵液经硫酸铵盐析和Ｓｅｐｈａｄｅｘ－Ｇ－２００及Ｓｅｐｈａｒｏｓｅ４Ｂ柱层析纯化,获得纯化倍数为３２．４的酶粉。该酶分子量为２３４４２Ｄａｌ,酶学特性表明：该酶的最适作用温度为３２℃,５０℃保温３０ｍｉｎ仍保留５０％酶活性,最适ｐＨ为９．０,作用ｐＨ稳定范围在７．０－１０．０之间,Ｃａ＾２＋和Ｍｇ＾２＋对酶有激活作用,Ｆｅ＾２＋,Ｃｕ＾２＋和Ｍｎ＾２＋酶活力有抑制作用。     

芽孢杆菌E2菌株纤维素酶性质的研究

芽孢杆菌Ｅ２菌在５５℃下生长良好,在培养液中能大量积累胞外纤维素酶（１９０ｍｕ／ｍＬ培养液）,所产生的纤维素普单一的羧甲基纤维素酶（ＣＭＣａｓｅ）。羧甲基纤维素钠（ＣＭＣＮａ）为其专一性底物。该酶作用的ｐＨ为４．５－８．０;最适ｐＨ为６．５－７．０;在ｐＨ４．０－８．０范围内较稳定,酶作用的最适温度为５５℃;在６０℃处理１０,３０,６０,９０以及１２０分钟后,残余酶活分别为９５％,８０．３％,４０     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.