Synthèse de l'hémoglobine par des systèmes acellulaires de réticulocytes

The microsomes from rabbit reticulocytes incorporate [¹⁴C]valine in the presence or in the absence of pH-5 enzyme. The study of the rate of incorporation into microsomal protein and into hemoglobin suggests a metabolism of microsomal protein which is, in part, not related to hemoglobin formation. In the presence of pH-5 enzyme, microsomes and deoxycholate-insoluble ribosomes synthesized hemoglobin at equal rates. By addition of non-radioactive valine to microsomes labelled with [¹⁴C]valine, liberation of newly synthesized hemoglobin from the particles has been studied. The concentration of Mg²⁺ has an influence on the synthesis of the microsomal precursor of hemoglobin, K⁺ has an influence on the liberation of hemoglobin by microsomes.The incubation of microsomes prepared from rabbit reticulocytes with pH-5 enzyme prepared from human reticulocytes results in the synthesis of both types of hemoglobin which is in accord with results previously otained with cell-free systems of reticulocytes from other species. No synthesis of hemoglobin was detected upon incubation of reticulocyte microsomes with pH-5 enzyme from other organs or reticulocyte pH-5 enzyme with microsomes from other organs. These results are discussed in relation to our knowledge of the factors which carry the genetic information.     

Les synoviorthèses radio-isotopiques : synthèse des indications et des différents résultats rapportés dans la littérature

Radiosynoviorthesis is used for the local treatment of recurrent joint effusions and leads to synovial pannus necrosis after radionuclide administration. This procedure provides the opportunity to full recovery of normal synovium function after local corticosteroids and systemic modifying drugs failure.     

Retentissement des thérapeutiques antican-céreuses sur la sexualité de l'homme

Therapies of cancer have markedly changed the evolution and prognosis of the cancer illness in its various forms and locatioins. Thus, the future of the sexual life of the men with a cancer is now a question. Sexuality of men is expressed herein in its physiological, intra psychological and relational aspects. Cancer and its therapies affect the sexual response, the body image and the sexual identity. The various factors responsible for the differents as aspects of sexual dysfunction induced by the cancer and its treatments are analysed.     

Synthèse de l'apiose et de composés voisins par des réactions de wittig

Treatment of 1,2-O-isopropylidene-α-D-glycero-tetros-3-ulofuranose (7) with cyanomethylenetriphenylphosphorane gave in excellent yield a mixture of the geometrical isomers of the corresponding cyanomethylenic derivative. After treatment with potassium permanganate, and then with sodium borohydride, this unsaturated, branched-chain sugar derivative was stereospecifically converted into 3-C-hydroxymethy]-1,2-O-isopropylidene-β-L-threofuranose. Similarly, treatment of the L-enantiomer of 7 with methylthiomethylenetriphenylphosphorane gave the expected methylthiomethylenic analogs, from which 3-deoxy-3-C-methyl and 3-deoxy-3-C-dimethoxymethyl derivatives were prepared. Wittig reactions thus allow the synthesis of branched-chain sugars bearing the side-chain on the more hindered side of the ring, compounds which are difficult to obtain by other methods.     

Les processus de l'ontogenèse,comparés à ceux de la régénération des Phoronida

Résumé Une wise an point des connaissances actuelles sur l'ontogenèse des phoronidiens permet la comparaison avec les processus régénérateurs, décrits précédemment (Emig, 1972 a, b, 1973). Ceux-ci souvent le plus souvent le développement ontogénétique (embryogenèse ou métamorphose) de l'actinotroque. Pour certaines structures, la régénération met en jeu des processus qui se révèlent être distincts des schémas de l'ontogenèse et qui sont généralement plus rapides, plus simples et plus évolués. Certains points ont été particulièrement étudiés et discutés, notamment la division du ceelome (en proto-, méso-, méta-), l'évolution du système circulatoire dans le métasome.La régénération apparaît comme un élément important dans la définition de la position phylogénétique des phoronidiens. Ceux-ci sont considérés, d'après l'énsemble de nos résultats, comme des deutérostomes primitifs.

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Comparison of the processes of ontogenesis and regeneration in Phoronida

Summary A review of the present knowledge on the ontogenesis of Phoronida allows a comparison with the regeneration processes studied by Emig (1972a, b, 1973). On the whole, regeneration follows the ontogenesic development (embryo genesis or metamorphosis) of Actinotrocha larva. But the regeneration of some structures reveals processes distinct from those in ontogenesis, which are faster simpler and more highly developed. Some patterns are studied and discussed in particular detail, such as the division of coelom (proto-, meso-, meta-) and the evolution of the metasomic circulatory system.The regeneration appears to be important character for the determination of the phylogenetic position of the phylum Phoronida. According to the parameters of the present study, Phoronida must be classified as primitive deuterostomes.

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Abbréviations des figures a anus - b bouche - ba barre du T sanguin - bd branche droite du vaisseau latéral - bg branche gauche du vaisseau latéral - c capillaire sanguin (= bd en régéneration) - ca cavité coelomique anale - co cavité coelomique orale - coel coelome - cps cavité preséptale larvaire - d diaphragme - e épistome - en entonnoir néphridien - es expansions stomacales - est estomac - fg fibre nerveuse géante - gn ganglion nerveux - i intestin - lo lophophore - lp lobe préoral - ma mésentère anal - ml mésentère latéral - mld mésentère latéral droit - mlg mésentère latéral gauche - mm mésentère médian - mo mésentère oral - mp mésentère principal - mv mésentère ventral - n néphridie - ne nerf circulaire - né néphridiopore - o coesophage - p protocoelome ou protocoele - pa papille angle - pe préestomac - pu pore urinaire - s septum - sm sac métasomique - ta tentacule adulte - td tube digestif - tl tentacule larvaire - lpa lacune périanale - M métacoelome ou métacoele - m mésocoelome ou mésocoele - vl vaisseau sanguin latéral - vlo vaisseau sanguin lophophoral - vm vaisseau sanguin médian     

Évaluation de la réponse thérapeutique après traitement par inhibiteurs des checkpoints (anticorps monoclonaux immunomodulateurs)

Early progression followed by partial or complete response (pseudoprogression) can be observed after treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors, especially in melanoma. The metabolic and morphologic criteria usually recommended for cytotoxic chemotherapy response assessment are not suitable because of this unique pattern of response. New morphologic response criteria have been proposed (irRC, iRECIST), introducing the concept of unconfirmed progression requiring confirmation on a subsequent imaging assessment. These criteria have not yet been validated and should be used cautiously, along with the clinical status. No specific criteria have been proposed for metabolic response assessment but potential metabolic pseudoprogression should be kept in mind and, as well as morphologic assessment, requires consideration of the clinical status and, in the absence of an obvious progression, confirmation on a subsequent imaging before considering true metabolic progression.     

Synthèses et réductions de sucres fonctionnels mono et diinsaturés

Attempts to prepare 1,2:5,6 and 2,3:5,6 di-unsaturated sugars starting from 3,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-1,5-anhydro-1,2-dideo xy-d-arabino-hex-1-enitol or from ethyl 4,6-di-O-acetyl-1,5-anhydro-2,3-dideoxy-α-d-erythro-hex-2-enopyranoside led to 1,5-anhydro-1,2,6-trideoxy-l-threo-hex-5-enitol and its 3,4-diacetate. Hydrogenation and hydrogenolysis of the unsaturated chloro and fluoro derivatives afforded 1,5-anhydro-1,2,6-trideoxy-d-arabino-hexitol and ethyl 4-O-acetyl-2,3,6-trideoxy-α-d-erythro-hexopyranoside.     

Contribution à l'étude de l'organogenèse des Hétéropodes (Mollusca,Prosobranchia)

The histological larval anatomy of Oxygyrus keraudreni Lesueur, Carinaria lamarcki Péron and Lesueur, Pterotrachea coronata Forskal and Firoloida desmaresti Lesuour relating to the veliger organisation of Atlanta is described at the stages close to the metamorphosis.

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Contribution n° 50 du Groupe Scientifique du Centre Océanologique de Bretagne.