新疆两种光脉赤眼蜂雌性触角超微结构比较(膜翅目:赤眼蜂科)

观察并描述了采自新疆的土耳其光脉赤眼蜂Aphelinoidea anatolica Nowicki和沙湾光脉赤眼蜂AphelinoideashawanicaHuetLin雌蜂触角的超微结构特征,结果显示2种光脉赤眼蜂雌性触角上的感器种类、数目及形状存在差异,这种差异可以作为种类鉴定的参考依据。同时提供了新疆光脉赤眼蜂属分种检索表及电镜扫描图片。     

赤眼蜂属系统进化研究进展

赤眼蜂是一类重要的天敌昆虫,该属包括的种类达180多种,并且广泛地分布于世界各地。通过对形态特征的分析,赤眼蜂属的系统发育研究在不同的研究者中得到不同的分类系统。由于赤眼蜂的个体微小,仅04mm左右,现有的化石记录稀少,并且可用作系统发育研究的形态特征很少,导致该类群的系统发育研究仍有许多不清楚的地方。同时,近年来分子生物学的发展为赤眼蜂系统发育研究提供了很好的途径,也取得了一些共识。但仍然未能提出一套精确的、更可靠的分类系统。作者对近年来的赤眼蜂属系统进化研究进行了综述。     

海南省分索赤眼蜂属种类记述并描述一新种(膜翅目,赤眼蜂科)

简述了分索赤眼蜂属Trichogranmmatoidea Girault的研究历史及现状,记述了采自海南省的5种,其中除3种国内已有报道外,1种为新种,1种为中国新纪录,同时编制了海南分索赤眼蜂属已知种的分类检索表,另附主要形态特征图.新种的模式标本及其它种的标本均保存在福建农林大学生物防治研究所.     

赤眼蜂科一新属五新种记述：膜翅目：小蜂总科

缨翅赤眼蜂属Megaphragma是已知昆虫个体最小的类群之一,迄今全世界只知4种,寄生缨翅目蓟马卵。我国除台湾省曾有分布记录外(林珪瑞,1981),其它地区未见报道。本文记述采自福建等地的缨翅赤眼蜂属3新种和新属长缨赤眼蜂属Paramegaphragma 2新种。模式标本均已制片,保存于福建农学院生物防治研究所。     

赤眼蜂分子鉴定研究进展

赤眼蜂是害虫生物防治中的重要天敌资源。该属种类繁多,已报道有200余种,其蜂种的正确鉴定与选择是影响其田间防效的重要因素。依赖雄成蜂外生殖器形态特征的传统赤眼蜂分类鉴定技术不仅对专业技术要求高、耗时费力,而且无法用于孤雌产雌品系的种类鉴定以及近缘种的区分。分子鉴定技术可以通过选择合适的分子标记,为赤眼蜂鉴定提供准确、便捷、高效的方法。本文对赤眼蜂分子鉴定中分子标记的选择及常用分子鉴定方法进行了综述,并提出了未来可能的发展方向。     

尖角赤眼蜂属一新种及折脉宽翅赤眼蜂雌性记述(膜翅目:赤眼蜂科)

报道寄生拟隐脉叶蝉Sophonia spp.卵的尖角赤眼蜂属1新种,隐脉叶蝉赤眼蜂Hispidophila sophoniae sp.nov.,同时首次描述折脉宽翅赤眼蜂Ufens rimatus Linr的雌性特征,所有研究标本已制片,保存福建农林大学生物防治研究所。     

赤眼蜂属两新种(膜翅目:赤眼蜂科)

关于我国赤眼蜂属Trichogramma种类的描述和报道有:Ishii(1941)、钱永庆等(1964)、曾省(1965)、Nagaraja(1973)和庞雄飞等(1974),目前我国已知赤眼蜂约14种。 在赤眼蜂应用过程中,为了摸清辽宁省的种类及种类消长规律,我们曾对寄生于玉米螟卵的赤眼蜂种类作了比较系统地调查和采集,发现两新种,描述如下:铁岭赤眼蜂Trichogramma tielingensis,新种     

赤眼蜂的个体发育

赤眼蜂Trichogramma devderolimi Matsumura属膜翅目、小蜂总科、赤眼蜂科、赤眼蜂属,是一种寄生在昆虫卵内的寄生蜂.赤眼蜂在农业、林业中是应用价值很大的一种益虫,其不仅分布很广,而且广性寄生.赤眼蜂成虫将卵产在害虫(寄主)卵内,使害虫的卵不能孵化,从而达到消灭害虫的目的.由于用它来防治农林害虫具有饲养方便、繁殖快、省劳力、无公害、效果好等特点,已成为综合防治虫害的一项重要内容.     

赤眼蜂科四新种记述(膜翅目:小蜂总科)

本文为赤眼蜂科分类研究系列报道之四,记述我国异赤眼蜂属 Asynacta Foerster、折脉赤眼蜂属 Mirufens Girault、刺脉赤眼蜂属 Brachygrammatella Girault和毛角赤眼蜂属Neocentrobiella Girault 4新种。前两属我国曾有分布记录,后两属在我国为首次报道。根据Viggiani(1971)以雄性外生殖器特征作为分亚科、分族的标准,它们均应隶于赤眼蜂亚科Trichogrammatinae、赤眼蜂族 Trichogrammatini。所有模式标本均已制片,保存于福建农学院生物防治研究所。     

中国断脉赤眼蜂属一新种记述（膜翅目：赤眼蜂科）

断脉赤眼蜂属Mirufens系Girault 1915年以M.dentipes作为属的模式种建立的。迄今全世界已知有11种,分布于澳大利亚、印度、斯里兰卡、叙利亚、欧洲及中国。该属的主要特征:雌虫触角由9节组成,其结构式为:柄节:梗节:环状节:索节:棒状节=1:1:2:2:3。雄虫触角10节,比雌虫触角末端多1小节,其索节及棒状节具有轮生的长毛,与雌性明显不同。前翅宽阔,翅端圆,缘毛短,缘脉与翅的前缘紧接或分离,缘前脉与缘脉之间有一明显的断裂痕。前足胫节外缘具有一行齿列。此属在中国仅知台湾省有1未定名种(林桂瑞,1981),大陆地区尚无分布记录。本文报道采自辽宁沈阳的断脉赤眼蜂属1新种。模式标本存于沈阳农业大学昆虫标本室。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.