结核分枝杆菌Ag85B-Esat6-HspX融合基因真核表达载体的构建

目的构建结核分枝杆菌Ag85B-Esat6-HspX融合基因,并对其在体外真核细胞中进行表达。方法用PCR法从结核分枝杆菌H37Rv株基因组中分别扩增Ag85B、Esat6、HspX基因,插入到pUC19-T载体,序列测定正确后,将融合基因再次克隆到真核表达载体pcDNA3.1（-）。重组质粒经酶切鉴定并测序正确后,用MegaTran1.0转染293T细胞,并用Western-Blot检测目的蛋白的表达。结果 Western-blot检测到分子量大小约65 kDa的目的蛋白。结论成功地构建了结核分枝杆菌Ag85B-Esat6-HspX融合基因的真核表达载体,且该重组载体可在体外真核细胞中获得特异性的表达。     

结核分枝杆菌融合蛋白Ag85B-Hsp16．3、Ag85B-ESAT6和分泌蛋白Hspl6．3体外对人肝癌细胞HepG-2的作用

目的：探讨结核分枝杆菌融合蛋白Ag85B-Hspl6．3、Ag85B-ESAT6及分泌蛋白Hspl6-3对人肝癌细胞HepG-2的作用。方法：将已构建的含3种目的基因的表达载体pProEXHTa-Ag85B-Hspl6．3、pProEXHTa-Ag85B-ESAT6和pProEXHTb-Hspl6．3,分别转入宿主菌EcoliDH5α中,诱导表达后分别获得Ag85B-Hspl6．3、Ag85B-ESAT6和Hspl6．3三种蛋白,采用Ni^2＋亲和层析柱进行纯化,并用透析方法进行目的蛋白的复性。复性的蛋白按照不同浓度和作用时间分别与肝癌细胞HepG-2反应,用MTT法检测细胞生长情况。结果：三种蛋白被成功纯化并复性。MTT数据统计分析显示,终浓度101xg／ml的三种蛋白对HepG-2细胞生长没有明显作用,当三种蛋白的终浓度分别为20、40、801μg／ml时均能够抑制HepG-2细胞的生长,并且抑制作用随着蛋白终浓度的增大以及作用时间的延长而增强。不同类别的蛋白抑制作用没有明显差别。结论：结核分枝杆菌的部分分泌蛋白能够抑制肝癌细胞HepG-2的生长。     

结核分枝杆菌融合蛋白Ag85B-Hsp16.3、Ag85B-ESAT6 和分泌蛋白 Hsp16.3 体外对人肝癌细胞HepG-2 的作用*

目的:探讨结核分枝杆菌融合蛋白Ag85B-Hsp16.3、Ag85B-ESAT6及分泌蛋白Hsp16.3对人肝癌细胞HepG-2的作用。方法:将已构建的含3种目的基因的表达载体pProEXHTa-Ag85B-Hsp16.3、pProEXHTa-Ag85B-ESAT6和pProEXHTb-Hsp16.3,分别转入宿主菌E.coliDH5α中,诱导表达后分别获得Ag85B-Hsp16.3、Ag85B-ESAT6和Hsp16.3三种蛋白,采用Ni2+亲和层析柱进行纯化,并用透析方法进行目的蛋白的复性。复性的蛋白按照不同浓度和作用时间分别与肝癌细胞HepG-2反应,用MTT法检测细胞生长情况。结果:三种蛋白被成功纯化并复性。MTT数据统计分析显示,终浓度10μg/ml的三种蛋白对HepG-2细胞生长没有明显作用,当三种蛋白的终浓度分别为20、40、80μg/ml时均能够抑制HepG-2细胞的生长,并且抑制作用随着蛋白终浓度的增大以及作用时间的延长而增强。不同类别的蛋白抑制作用没有明显差别。结论:结核分枝杆菌的部分分泌蛋白能够抑制肝癌细胞HepG-2的生长。     

结核分枝杆菌分泌蛋白Ag85B、Hsp16.3和ESAT6在血清学检测中的初步应用

目的：探讨结核分枝杆菌分泌蛋白Hsp16.3、Ag85B以及融合蛋白ESAT6-CFP10、Ag85B-Hsp16.3和Ag85B-ESAT6用于TB病人血清学检测的意义。方法：将已构建的含5种目的基因的表达载体（pProEXHTb-Hsp16.3、pProEXHTa-Ag85B、pProEXHTb-ESAT6-CFP10、pProEXHTa-Ag85B-Hsp16.3、pProEXHTa-Ag85B-ESAT6）,分别转入宿主菌E.coli DH5α中,诱导表达后分别获得Hsp16.3、Ag85B、ESAT6-CFP10、Ag85B-Hsp16.3和Ag85B-ESAT6五种蛋白,采用Ni2＋亲和层析柱进行纯化,并用透析方法进行目的蛋白的复性。将经过复性的5种蛋白分别作为抗原,采用间接ELISA方法检测待测的血清样本,经OPD显色,测定各孔OD490值并判定结果。结果：五种蛋白被成功纯化并复性,通过ELISA方法共检测了22例TB病人血清、10例非结核病人血清和6例正常对照血清,Hsp16.3、Ag85B、ESAT6-CFP10、Ag85B-Hsp16.3和Ag85B-ESAT6这5种抗原的灵敏度分别为36.4%、90.9%、77.3%、95.5%、100%,特异性分别为100%、75%、100%、93.8%、93.8%。统计分析显示,ESAT6-CFP10和Ag85B、Ag85B-Hsp16.3、Ag85B-ESAT6这三种蛋白ELISA检测的结果无差异,而与Hsp16.3和痰涂片检测结果有显著差异。结论：Ag85B-Hsp16.3和Ag85B-ESAT6可作为结核分枝杆菌ELISA检测的初选抗原。     

Comparative evaluation of intranasal and subcutaneous route of immunization for development of mucosal vaccine against experimental tuberculosis

Activation of mucosal immunity in the respiratory tract is crucial for protection against respiratory infections. Whether the intranasal route of vaccination imparts better protection against pulmonary tuberculosis than that of subcutaneous vaccination remains a debatable issue. In this study, we have investigated the effect of the routes of immunization on the induction of immunoprotection against experimental tuberculosis employing mycobacterial culture filtrate proteins complexed with dimethyldioctadecylammonium bromide. Vaccination via intranasal and subcutaneous routes triggered immune activation in the spleen and cervical lymph node, while the former route of vaccination lead to higher antigen-specific lymphocyte proliferation, interferon-gamma, interleukin-12 and interleukin-4 responses in cervical lymph node and induction of antigen-specific IgA responses at mucosal level of the respiratory tract. Mice vaccinated via the intranasal route were found to be better protected against experimental tuberculosis particularly in lung compared to subcutaneous-immunized mice. These results emphasize the importance of the intranasal route vaccination in tuberculosis.     

针对潜伏结核感染的 A39 DNA 疫苗构建及其免疫原性研究

选取结核分枝杆菌潜伏相关抗原Rv2029c、结核分枝杆菌优秀抗原Ag85A和Rv3425,构建针对潜伏感染的结核分枝杆菌DNA疫苗pVAX1／Ag85A-Rv3425-Rv2029c （A39）,并对其免疫原性进行研究。首先用聚合酶链反应（PCR）扩增Ag85A基因,构建重组质粒pVAX1／Ag85A （A）;PCR扩增 Ag85A-Rv3425连接片段,插入pVAX1载体,构建重组质粒pVAX1／Ag85A-Rv3425（A3）;PCR扩增Rv2029c基因,插入A3,构建重组质粒pVAX1／Ag85A-Rv3425-Rv2029c （A39）。将构建成功的重组质粒转入 HEK293T细胞,蛋白免疫印迹法验证质粒在真核细胞中得到表达。在大肠埃希菌BL21中成功表达和纯化去除信号肽的Ag85A、Rv3425和Rv2029c蛋白。用质粒免疫C57BL／6小鼠,共分为5组：PBS、pVAX1、A、A3和A39组,采用电脉冲导入免疫,每2周免疫1次,共3次,用酶联免疫斑点检测（ELISPOT）、酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）、流式细胞术等方法检测细胞免疫和体液免疫水平。结果显示,A39免疫小鼠后,能引发强烈的细胞免疫反应﹝γ干扰素（IFN-γ）、肿瘤坏死因子α（TNF-α）和白细胞介素2（IL-2）高水平分泌﹞,外周血CD4＋／CD8＋ T细胞比值增加,CD8＋穿孔素＋ T细胞比例增加。结果表明,构建的A39 DNA疫苗能引发强烈的免疫反应,显示出良好的抗结核潜力,可作为结核分枝杆菌新型候选疫苗。     

Rapid detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis based on antigen 85B via real-time recombinase polymerase amplification

Tuberculosis (TB), as a common infectious disease, still remains a severe challenge to public health. Due to the unsatisfied clinical needs of currently available diagnostic vehicles, it is desired to establish a new approach for universally detecting Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Herein, we designed a real-time recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) technology for identifying M. tuberculosis within 20 min at 39°C via custom-designed oligonucleotide primers and probe, which could specifically target antigen 85B (Ag85B). Particularly, the primers F4-R4 produced the fastest fluorescence signal with the probe among four pairs of designed primers in the RPA assays. The optimal primers/probe combination could effectively identify M. tuberculosis with the detection limit of 4·0 copies per μl, as it could not show a positive signal for the genomic DNA from other mycobacteria or pathogens. The Ag85B-based RPA could determine the genomic DNA extracted from M. tuberculosis with high reliability (100%, 22/22). More importantly, when testing clinical sputum samples, the real-time RPA displayed an admirable sensitivity (90%, 95% CI: 80·0-96·0%) and specificity (98%, 95% CI: 89·0-100·0%) compared to traditional smear microscopy, which was similar to the assay of Xpert MTB/RIF. This real-time RPA based Ag85B provides a promising strategy for the rapid and universal diagnosis of TB.     

Enhanced effect of BCG vaccine against pulmonary Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in mice with lung Th17 response to mycobacterial heparin‐binding hemagglutinin adhesin antigen

Although the BCG vaccine can prevent tuberculosis (TB) in infants, its ability to prevent adult pulmonary TB is reportedly limited. Therefore, development of a novel effective vaccine against pulmonary TB has become an international research priority. We have previously reported that intranasal vaccination of mice with a mycobacterial heparin‐binding hemagglutinin adhesin (HBHA) plus mucosal adjuvant cholera toxin (CT) enhances production of IFN‐γ and anti‐HBHA antibody and suppresses extrapulmonary bacterial dissemination after intranasal infection with BCG. In the present study, the effects of intranasal HBHA + CT vaccine on murine pulmonary Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection were examined. Intranasal HBHA + CT vaccination alone failed to reduce the bacterial burden in the infected lung. However, a combination vaccine consisting of s.c. BCG priming and an intranasal HBHA + CT booster significantly enhanced protective immunity against pulmonary Mtb infection on day 14 compared with BCG vaccine alone. Further, it was found that intranasal HBHA + CT vaccine enhanced not only IFN‐γ but also IL‐17A production by HBHA‐specific T cells in the lung after pulmonary Mtb infection. Therefore, this combination vaccine may be a good candidate for a new vaccine strategy against pulmonary TB.