中国浙东产游蛇科蛇类数值分类初探

醉地浙江省３７种／亚种游蛇科蛇类进行数值分类（类平均法）探讨。结果表明游蛇科可分为６亚群１８小群。与传统分类法的亚科和属比较,主要表现在锦蛇属和游蛇属这两个大属被分为不同的小群（属）;且两头蛇属和颈棱蛇属分别提为亚群（亚科）,为游蛇科的进一步分类研究提供资料。     

红脖游蛇(Rhabdophis subminiatus)咬伤引起严重肺出血的报告

红脖游蛇(Rhabdophis subminiatus)俗称红颈草花蛇,英文俗名Red-necked Keelback Snake,属游蛇科(Colubriue)游蛇亚科(Rolubrinae)游蛇属。1992年我们发现第1例红脖游蛇咬伤中毒引起血液失凝伤口流血不止病人开始,至去年我们共陆续发现7例被红脖游蛇咬伤引起血液失凝严重伤口流     

温泉蛇的染色体组型及Ag－NORs的研究

本文首次报道了温泉蛇（Ｔｈｅｒｍｏｐｈｉｓｂａｉｌｅｙｉ）的染色体组型及ＡｇＮＯＲｓ,其核型模式可表达为２ｎ＝３６＝１４Ｍ＋２Ｔ＋２０ｍ,ＺＷ型性决定,Ｚ和Ｗ分别为中及亚端部着丝点染色体。该结果与游蛇属种类的核型有较大差异,从而旁证了将温泉蛇从游蛇属中分出的观点。仅一对ＮＯＲ于Ｎｏ．９染色体长臂并与其次溢痕位置相当,该ＮＯＲ与锦蛇属种类一致而与游蛇类不同。根据染色体特征,认为温泉蛇在游蛇亚科中处于较为原始的地位。     

温泉蛇的染色体组型及Ag-NORs的研究

本文首次报道了温泉蛇(Thermophis baileyi)的染色体组型及Ag-NORs,其核型模式可表达为2n=36=14M+2T+20m, ZW型性决定,Z和W分别为中及亚端部着丝点染色体。该结果与游蛇属种类的核型有较大差异,从而旁证了将温泉蛇从游蛇属中分出的观点。仅一对NOR于No.9染色体长臂并与其次溢痕位置相当,该NOR与锦蛇属种类一致而与游蛇类不同。根据染色体特征,认为温泉蛇在游蛇亚科中处于较为原始的地位。     

红脖游蛇咬伤引起DIC样综合征的临床报告

红脖游蛇(Rhabdophis subminiatus)属游蛇科游蛇亚科,国内尚未把其归于毒蛇分类中[1]。长期以来这种蛇一直被认为是无毒蛇。2001年我们报道红脖游蛇咬伤致中毒引起血液失凝、伤口流血不止的病人以后[2],引起大家的重视,并开展了相关课题研究。有研究[3]表明,该蛇是有毒蛇,被红脖游蛇咬伤的患者体内凝血系统被激活而继发纤溶亢进完全脱纤维蛋白状态的类DIC样血液学改变可持续1周以上[4]。临床上见红脖游蛇咬伤病人有伤口出血难止,甚至全身出血倾向,但一般情况并不严重,很少出现循环功能不全及MODS,除非因出血不能止住,而引起出血性休克,…     

红脖游蛇咬伤5例护理体会

红脖游蛇属游蛇科游蛇亚科,国内尚未把其归于毒蛇分类中。人们都认为其系无毒蛇,而未引起注意。2001年李其斌等报道红脖游蛇咬伤引起血液失凝、伤口流血不止的病例以后,引起大家的重视。并开展了相关课题研究。2001-2005年我科陆续救治了5例红脖游蛇咬伤病人,采用了我院自行设计的点状加压止血方法和全身治疗方法,取得良好效果,在治疗过程中,我们针对患者具有以出血倾向为主的特点。制定护理措施进行观察护理,现将救治与护理体会总结如下。     

中国亚洲蝮属分类研究

１概述亚洲蝮属（Ｇｌｏｙｄｉｕｓ）在分类上隶属于蝰科（Ｖｉｐｅｒｉｄａｅ）、蝮亚科（Ｃｒｏｔａｌｉｎａｅ）。该亚科蛇以具短而高的上颌骨和管状毒牙而别于其他类群。现有１４属约２５０余种（亚种）,主要分布于美洲,亚洲、欧洲也有分布。依据外部形态特征,蝮亚...     

水蛇亚科形态学特征的支序分析

水蛇亚科属于游蛇科,包含10个属。其中7个属为单型属。选取水蛇亚科14个形态学特征进行支序分析,并利用计算机软件Hennig86对水蛇亚科中8个属之间的系统发育关系进行初步探讨,结果显示水蛇亚科分为两支Gerarda和Fordonia两个属构成姊妹群,Cerberus、Erpeton和Homalopsis三个属也构成单系群,与Vorisetal(2002)的分子系统树相同,但Cantoria属的地位则与Vorisetal(2002)的明显不同。     

红脖游蛇伤引起DIC样综合征的临床报告

红脖游蛇(Rhabaophis subminiatus) 属游蛇科游蛇亚科,国内尚未把其归于毒蛇分类中[1].长期以来这种蛇一直被认为是无毒蛇.2001年我们报道红脖游蛇咬伤致中毒引起血液失凝、伤口流血不止的病人以后[2] ,引起大家的重视,并开展了相关课题研究.有研究[3]表明,该蛇是有毒蛇,被红脖游蛇咬伤的患者体内凝血系统被激活而继发纤溶亢进完全脱纤维蛋白状态的类DIC样血液学改变可持续1周以上[4].临床上见红脖游蛇咬伤病人有伤口出血难止,甚至全身出血倾向,但一般情况并不严重,很少出现循环功能不全及MODS,除非因出血不能止住,而引起出血性休克,或重要器官出血如脑出血而致死[3].2005年以后,我们又诊治了4例被该蛇所伤的中毒病例,均出现类DIC样综合征,现报告如下.     

从12S rRNA基因片段序列研究20种蛇的系统发生关系

本文测定了中国产蛇亚目20种蛇约800bp的mtDNA 12S rDNA基因片段序列。所测序列与楔齿蜥的同源序列一起经Clustal X1.8软件比对,共有881个位点,其中变异位点有494个。以楔齿蜥为外群,用NJ法构建了4科20种蛇的进化关系树,对这20种蛇的系统发生关系作了初步探讨。研究结果表明：所研究的4个科20种蛇分成4个支系。第一个支系包括蟒科的东方沙蟒和蟒2种蛇;第二个支系为蝰科3种蛇,即草原蝰、尖吻蝮、竹叶青组成一个单系群;眼镜蛇科的眼镜蛇和银环蛇构成第三个支系;游蛇科的13种蛇构成了第四个支系,其中灰鼠蛇、乌梢蛇和赤链蛇组成一个支系,锦蛇属的7种蛇组成一个单系群,然后它们与前一支系相聚。剩下的颈槽蛇属两种聚类后与赤链华游蛇构成一个支系,并与游蛇科其它蛇组成姐妹群。第四支系首先与第三支系眼镜蛇科聚类,第二支系蝰科构成了三、四支系眼镜蛇科和游蛇科的姐妹群,第一支系蟒科在系统树的最基部,为四个科中较原始的类群。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.