前言:纪念杨钟健院士诞辰120周年（英文）

<正>120 years ago,1897,Prof.Dr.Yang Zhongjian(C.C.Young)was born in Huaxian,Shaanxi Province:the birth of a great scientist.90 years ago,in 1927,Prof.Yang’s doctoral dissertation"Fossile Nagetiere aus Nord-China",was published in Palaeontologia Sinica C,V(3);this marked the beginning of study of vertebrate paleontology(VP)by the Chinese people.     

前言 纪念周明镇院士诞辰100周年（英文）

正Prof.Dr.Zhou Mingzhen(1918-1996),also known as Minchen Chow,was the founder of mammalian paleontology in China and a worldwide well-known Chinese vertebrate paleontologist.He assisted Yang Zhongjian(C.C.Young),founder of vertebrate paleontology in China,in formulating the development of the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology(IVPP),Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS),and succeeded to the Director of the IVPP after     

Professor Hong-Yuan Yang (1933-2010)

Prof. Hong-Yuan Yang,a renowned botanist,Academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Professor of Wuhan University,passed away at the age of 77 in Wuhan on November 18,2010.     

Profile of Dr. Hanzhong Wang

<正>Dr. Hanzhong Wang received his Bachelor’s degree in Huazhong Agricultural University in 1984. From 1984 to1990, he majored in crop genetics and breeding in Huazhong Agricultural University for his M.S. degree and Ph.D. degree(supervised by Prof. Houli Liu). From 1990 to 2015, he worked in the Oil Crops Research Institute (OCRI) of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei,China, served as the Deputy Director of OCRI since 1994,     

PREFACE

First of all, I would like to introduce the predecessor of "Virologica Sinica (to be published in English) and its history of development. I was honored to participate in it. " Acta Virologica Sinica" (in Chinese with English abstract), which was first published in 1980, was the first virological journal issued in China. The editor in chief was Prof. Dr. Shangyin Gao (1909-1989), who was a famous virologist. He was the director of     

发刊词

I am indeed very honored and delighted when Prof.Pingkai Ouyang asked me to write a preface article forthe new Chinese Journal of Bioprocess Engineering. Although,as a chemical engineer,I have been working in the petroleum and chemical industries for fortyyears,I did have the opportunity of conducting research and development work in the field of biotechnology forseveral years.My research was in both biochemical and biomedical areas.Because of this experience,I appre-ciate very much the importance of biotechnology and bioprocessing.Being familiar with this field,I feel the ex-citement and high anticipation about this new Journal.I wish to offer to Prof.Ouyang and his staff editors my     

Conference summary

From August 7-14, 2006, the Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences （CAS）, and the Overseas Chinese Entomologists Association （OCEA）, convened a ＂Summer Training Workshop on Modern Entomology and New Technology＂ in Beijing, China. The workshop was held at the Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and attracted 130 attendees from 27 research institutes and universities in China. There were 36 talks presented by 21 entomologists. Among them were one prestigious CAS Albert Einstein Visiting Professorship, Prof. Randy Gaugler, 18 scientists from the USA, and three entomologists from the Institute of Zoology. Topics at the workshop covered diverse areas including insect molecular biology, chemical ecology, behavior, immunology, cell biology, toxicology and so on. The workshop was financed by the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the Chinese Academy of Sciences.     

黄嘴白鹭的繁殖生物学

The Chinese egret is a globally endangered species. This paper describes the breeding behavior of the Chinese egret (Egretta eulophotes) on Xingrentuo Islet, Changhai County, Liaoning Province between April and August 2001. 150 breeding pairs were found at this site, and 60 more pairs were found on nearby Yuanbaotuo Islet, the largest breeding colony in China. Chinese egret arrived at the islet from mid April and departed from late August. Their nests were built in the branches of low trees and fleabanes. 2～6 light greenish blue eggs were layed in each clutch. 40 eggs averaged 45 56(±2 05)mm×33 57(±0 74)mm in size,and 26 46±1 88)g in weight. The hatching period was 21～23 days.     

Profile of Prof. Weizhi Ji

<正>Prof. Weizhi Ji is a distinguished scientist in nonhuman primate reproduction and developmental biology. He is devoted to uncovering the regulation mechanisms of early embryo development and stem cell pluripotency, and to understanding the pathogenesis of human diseases using nonhuman primate (NHP) models. Through decades of research,Prof. Ji has developed a series of research systems and technologies in NHPs including in vitro fertilization, early embryo culture, gene editing and stem cell isolation and     

中国现代植物区系(地理)学的学派形成和展望

简要回顾了中国近代植物区系 (地理 )学的历史。记述了吴征镒的植物区系的热带亲缘理论和张宏达的华夏植物区系理论的形成和主要特点 ,比较异同 ,以期通过他们及其研究群体联手协作 ,形成具有中国特色的植物区系学新学派     

生物膜研究在生物物理研究所的兴起与发展

生物膜研究是现代生物学研究的前沿方向之一,本文对文革结束以后生物膜研究在中国科学院生物物理研究所(下称生物物理所)的兴起与发展进行了系统回顾.文革结束后,中国科学院领导了解到国外生物膜研究迅速发展的情况,迅即派遣以生物物理所杨福愉为组长,包括生物化学研究所、动物研究所、植物研究所、上海实验生物研究所等六人的代表团前往联邦德国进行考察.考察结束后院领导根据多学科交叉对生物膜研究的重要作用,组织了生物物理所、植物所、中国医学科学院、北京医科大学等单位联合申报国家自然科学基金委员会重大项目"膜脂-膜蛋白的相互作用及其在医学和农业上的应用",并获得立项.与此同时,院领导建议由中国生物物理学会、中国生化学会和中国细胞生物学会共同组织生物膜学术讨论会.首次会议于1979年3月在北京友谊宾馆举行,以后每3年召开1次,从未中断,有力地促进了生物膜研究的交流与发展.2003年举行的第200届香山会议专门组织讨论21世纪生物膜研究在中国的布局,进一步推动了生物膜研究的发展.本文还重点阐述了中国科学院生物物理研究所在生物膜研究方面所取得的代表性成果:a.金属离子通过膜脂-膜蛋白相互作用调控生物膜能量转换、物质运输及信号转导的分子机制;b.提出"克山病是一种心肌线粒体病"的重要观点;c.发现溶酶体内含有为量甚微、一般认为是消化酶的胰凝乳蛋白酶,并阐明了它通过溶酶体膜外泄后参与细胞凋亡的作用机制;d.确定了通过调控线粒体动态变化而干预肿瘤细胞迁移侵袭的新靶标.最后,特别值得一提的是,2004年,常文瑞与植物研究所匡廷云等在《自然》(Nature)发表了《菠菜中主要捕光色素复合体2.72魡分辨率的晶体结构分析》的研究论文,2005年饶子和与徐建兴等在《细胞》(Cell)发表了《猪心线粒体呼吸链复合体Ⅱ的晶体结构》的研究论文,充分标志着我国生物膜研究已在国际上占据一席之地.2004年,徐涛研究员因其在囊泡转运方面的丰厚学术积淀,作为首席科学家组织一批生物膜专家承担了国内首个生物膜973项目,这标志着国内生物膜研究开始进入一个新的发展时期.     

刘承钊教授生前发表的两栖动物新种

本文介绍刘承钊教授生前本人或与合作者描述发表的两栖动物66个新种,分隶2目9科,计有尾目2科9种,无尾目7科57种(名单见附表)。其中,刘承钊和胡淑琴(1961)《中国无尾两栖类》将以下4种列为同物异名:108页:ＡｅｌｕｒｏｐｈｒｙｎｅｂｒｅｖｉｐｅｓＬｉｕ=胸腺猫眼蟾ＡｇｌａｎｄｕｌａｔｕｓＬｉｕ[后改属名,称为胸腺齿突蟾Ｓｃｕｔｉｇｅｒｇｌａｎｄｕｌａｔｕｓ(Ｌｉｕ)]。265页:胡氏树蛙ＲｈａｃｏｐｈｏｒｕｓｈｕｉＬｉｕ=杜氏树蛙ＲｈａｃｏｐｈｏｒｕｓｄｕｇｒｉｔｅｉＤａｖｉｄ[后改属名,称为杜氏泛树蛙Ｐｏｌｙｐｅｄａｔｅｓｄ…     

Molecular characterization and functional analysis of MyD88 in Chinese soft-shelled turtle Trionyx sinensis

Myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) is one of the key adaptor proteins to signal transduction that triggers downstream cascades involved in innate immunity. In this study, the MyD88 gene from Chinese soft-shelled turtle (Trionyx sinensis) (tMyD88) was identified, representing the fist example from reptile species. The tMyD88 has a 894-bp ORF and encodes a polypeptide of 297 amino acids including a typical death domain (DD) at the N-terminus and a conservative Toll/IL-1R (TIR) domain at the C-terminus. It was expressed at high levels in spleen, blood, lungs and liver, but marginal in kidneys and intestines of turtles challenged with live cells of Aeromonas hydrophila, as determined by real-time PCR. RAW 264.7 cells transfected with pcDNA-tMyD88 showed higher NF-κB activity than the vector control (673.78 vs 410.72, P < 0.05). Expression of proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β and TNF-α was also significantly higher in RAW 264.7 cells transfected with pcDNA-tMyD88 than those having pcDNA3.1 control vector (P < 0.01). These results indicate that tMyD88 might possess an important role in defense against microbial infection in Chinese soft-shelled turtles similar to that in mammals.     

宁夏危害枸杞的蚜虫种类为棉蚜、桃蚜和豆蚜

宁夏是我国最重要的枸杞Lycium chinense Miller生产基地,蚜虫是危害枸杞的重要害虫。多年来枸杞蚜虫一直作为一个未定名物种使用Aphis sp.。2015年作者对宁夏危害枸杞的蚜虫进行了标本采集,经中国科学院动物研究所乔格侠研究员鉴定确认是常见的3种蚜虫,分别是棉蚜Aphis gossypii Glover、桃蚜Myzus persicae(Sulzer)和豆蚜Aphis craccivora Koch。本文提供了它们的鉴定检索表和简要形态特征描述、寄主植物和分布情况。     

怀念伍献文所长

1985年4月3日,我们敬爱的老所长、我国鱼类学和水生生物学的奠基人之一、著名的动物学家伍献文教授安详地离开了人世。伍献文教授的一生是为发展中华民族文化科学事业而奋斗的一生,他的历史业绩将永远为人们所缅怀。       

蜗孢属两个新种和一个中国新记录

蜗孢属隶属于子囊菌门Ascomycota毛筒壳科Tubeufiaceae,它们形态特征独特,能够产生多种活性次级代谢产物,具有一定的应用前景。本研究从中国海南省采集的腐木标本上分离到3种卷旋型丝孢真菌,通过ITS、LSU、RPB2和TEF1α多基因系统发育分析证据结合形态学特征,确定了它们的分类地位。结果表明,其中2个物种为蜗孢属新种,1个物种为中国新记录。为纪念李玉院士在中国菌物学界做出的贡献,本文特将其中一个新物种命名为李玉蜗孢菌。     

抗稻瘟病体细胞突变体的抗性遗传分析

以ZA_(15)和ZB_(11)等2个致病小种对6个抗稻瘟病体细胞突变体进行了抗性遗传分析。结果表明,86-S1、88-86、88-42和88-40等4个突变体对ZA_15、ZB_(11)小种的抗性分别由1个显性基因控制,同时这2个抗性基因还存在紧密的连锁关系。88-127和88-145对ZA_15的抗病性受2个重复显性基因控制;而对ZB_(11)的抗性则分别受2个互补显性基因和1个显性基因控制。等位性测定表明,86-S1、88-42和8B-86等3个突变体具有的抗性基因是等位的,可能是Pi-(?)或与之等位的抗性基因。