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1.
Ancylobacter sp. XJ-412-1, capable of degrading metsulfuron-methyl, was isolated from sulfonylurea-contaminated soil. When metsulfuron-methyl
was provided as the sole carbon source, more than 90.5% of metsulfuron-methyl at concentration of 50 mg l−1 was degraded by strain XJ-412-1 after incubation at 30°C for 7 days. The initial degradation products of metsulfuron-methyl
(MSM), thifensulfuron-methyl (TSM), and bensulfuron-methyl (BSM) by XJ-412-1 were identified as corresponding deesterified
derivatives by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, which indicated a primary pathway of the deesterification of these
three sulfonylurea herbicides. The carboxyesterase activity of the cell-free extracts was assayed and strongly inhibited by
4-chloromercuribenzoic acid (PCMB), diethyl pyrocarbonate (DEPC), phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride (PMSF), and malathion. 相似文献
2.
Adsorption and degradation of zearalenone by bacillus strains 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Two Bacillus strains; Bacillus subtilis 168 and Bacillus natto CICC 24640 separately adsorbed and degraded zearalenone in liquid media, in vitro. Viable, autoclaved (121°C, 20 min) and
acid-treated cells of both strains separately bound more than 55% of zearalenone (ZEN, 20 μg/L) after 30 min and 1-h incubation
at 37°C under aerobic conditions, and the amount of ZEN adsorbed was dependent on initial cell volume. In addition, ZEN was
degraded by the culture extract of both strains. Degradation by B. subtilis 168 and B. natto CICC 24640 culture extract after 24-h aerobic incubation at 30°C was 81% and 100%, respectively. B. natto CICC 24640 culture extract comprehensively degraded ZEN and, for both strains, no oestrogenic ZEN analogues were present.
ZEN degradation was accompanied by carbondioxide emission indicating a decarboxylation reaction. ZEN degradation by the salient
B. natto CICC 24640 culture extract varied with initial ZEN concentration, incubation time, temperature and pH. Degradation was enhanced
by Mn2+, Zn2+, Ca2+ and Mg2+ but impeded by Hg2+, Cu2+, Pb2+, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and 1,10-phenanthroline. The degradation reaction is associated with a metalloproteinase
of molar mass in the range 31–43 kDa. Overall, the two generally recognised as safe Bacillus strains can, potentially, be utilised for detoxification of zearalenone in food. 相似文献
3.
Dual augmentation for aerobic bioremediation of MTBE and TCE pollution in heavy metal-contaminated soil 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Fernandes VC Albergaria JT Oliva-Teles T Delerue-Matos C De Marco P 《Biodegradation》2009,20(3):375-382
In this work we isolated from soil and characterized several bacterial strains capable of either resisting high concentrations
of heavy metals (Cd2+ or Hg2+ or Pb2+) or degrading the common soil and groundwater pollutants MTBE (methyl-tert-butyl ether) or TCE (trichloroethylene). We then used soil microcosms exposed to MTBE (50 mg/l) or TCE (50 mg/l) in the presence
of one heavy metal (Cd 10 ppm or Hg 5 ppm or Pb 50 or 100 ppm) and two bacterial isolates at a time, a degrader plus a metal-resistant
strain. Some of these two-membered consortia showed degradation efficiencies well higher (49–182% higher) than those expected
under the conditions employed, demonstrating the occurrence of a synergetic relationship between the strains used. Our results
show the efficacy of the dual augmentation strategy for MTBE and TCE bioremediation in the presence of heavy metals. 相似文献
4.
The compatibility and efficiency of two ortho-cleavage pathway-following pseudomonads viz. the 3-chlorobenzoate (3-CBA)-degrader, Pseudomonas aeruginosa 3mT (3mT) and the phenol-degrader, P. stutzeri SPC-2 (SPC-2) in a mixed culture for the degradation of these substrates singly and simultaneously in mixtures was studied.
Another phenol-degrading strain, Pseudomonas sp. SoPC-5 (SoPC-5) that utilizes a meta-cleavage mode also was tried in co-culture with 3mT. The former combination was
found to be a better degrader of both the substrates when present alone. But, with inoculum levels of 0.15 mg cell dry wt
each of 3mT/SPC-2 or 3mT/SoPC-5 growth with 2 mM each of 3-CBA and phenol was slow with a lag of 24 h and degradation being
incomplete. However, with higher inocula in the ratios 1:1, 1:2, and 2:1, i.e., 0.3 + 0.3, 0.3 + 0.6, and 0.6 + 0.3 mg cell dry wt
of 3mT and SPC-2, respectively complete degradation of both the substrates occurred. Degradation of 3-CBA was complete with
the release of stoichiometric amounts of chloride (Cl−) when concentrations of phenol/3-CBA were varied as 2:2, 2:4, and 4:2 mM, i.e., even when the concentration of the more toxic
co-substrate 3-CBA was higher than phenol effective simultaneous degradation occurred at the inoculums ratio of 1:1 (0.3 mg
dry cell wt. of each strain). These studies clearly indicated the better suitability of ortho-cleavage-utilizing strains as
partners in a mixed culture than those follow different modes. 相似文献
5.
Bianca Braha Herbert Tintemann Gudrun Krauss Jim Ehrman Felix Bärlocher Gerd-Joachim Krauss 《Biometals》2007,20(1):93-105
Biochemical responses to cadmium (Cd2+) and copper (Cu2+) exposure were compared in two strains of the aquatic hyphomycete (AQH) Heliscus lugdunensis. One strain (H4-2-4) had been isolated from a heavy metal polluted site, the other (H8-2-1) from a moderately polluted habitat.
Conidia of the two strains differed in shape and size. Intracellular accumulation of Cd2+ and Cu2+ was lower in H4-2-4 than in H8-2-1. Both␣strains synthesized significantly more glutathione (GSH), cysteine (Cys) and γ-glutamylcysteine
(γ-EC) in the presence of 25 and 50 μM Cd2+, but quantities and rates of synthesis were different. In H4-2-4, exposure to 50 μM Cd2+ increased GSH levels to 262% of the control; in H8-2-1 it increased to 156%. Mycelia of the two strains were analysed for
peroxidase, dehydroascorbate reductase, glutathione reductase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase. With Cd2+ exposure, peroxidase activity increased in both strains. Cu2+ stress increased dehydroascorbate reductase activity in H4-2-4 but not in H8-2-1. Dehydroascorbate reductase and glucose-6-phosphate
dehydrogenase activities progressively declined in the presence of Cd2+, indicating a correlation with Cd2+ accumulation in both strains. Cd2+ and Cu2+ exposure decreased glutathione reductase activity. 相似文献
6.
A multiple-strain algal biosensor was constructed for the detection of herbicides inhibiting photosynthesis. Nine different microalgal strains were immobilised on an array biochip using permeable membranes. The biosensor allowed on-line measurements of aqueous solutions passing through a flow cell using chlorophyll fluorescence as the biosensor response signal. The herbicides atrazine, simazine, diuron, isoproturon and paraquat were detectable within minutes at minimal LOEC (Lowest Observed Effect Concentration) ranging from 0.5 to 100μgL−1, depending on the herbicide and algal strain. The most sensitive strains in terms of EC50 values were Tetraselmis cordiformis and Scherffelia dubia. Less sensitive species were Chlorella vulgaris, Chlamydomonas sp. and Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, but for most of the strains no general sensitivity or resistance was found. The different responses of algal strains to the five herbicides constituted a complex response pattern (RP), which was analysed for herbicide specificity within the linear dose-response relationship. Comparisons of herbicide-specific RP to reference RPs of the five herbicides always showed the lowest deviation of the herbicide-specific RP tested with the reference RP of the same herbicide for the triazine and phenylurea herbicides. We therefore conclude that, in principle, identification of a specific herbicide is possible employing the algal sensor chip. 相似文献
7.
Chitwadee Phithakrotchanakoon Ratama Daduang Arinthip Thamchaipenet Thidarat Wangkam Toemsak Srikhirin Lily Eurwilaichitr Verawat Champreda 《Applied microbiology and biotechnology》2009,82(1):131-140
A polyhydroxyalkanote depolymerase gene from Thermobifida sp. isolate BCC23166 was cloned and expressed as a C-terminal His6-tagged fusion in Pichia pastoris. Primary structure analysis revealed that the enzyme PhaZ-Th is a member of a proposed new subgroup of SCL-PHA depolymerase
containing a proline–serine repeat linker. PhaZ-Th was expressed as two glycosylated forms with apparent molecular weights
of 61 and 70 kDa, respectively. The enzyme showed esterase activity toward p-nitrophenyl alkanotes with V
max and K
m of 3.63 ± 0.16 μmol min−1 mg−1 and 0.79 ± 0.12 mM, respectively, on p-nitrophenyl butyrate with optimal activity at 50–55°C and pH 7–8. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) analysis demonstrated that
PhaZ-Th catalyzed the degradation of poly-[(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate] (PHB) films, which was accelerated in (R)-3-hydroxyvalerate copolymers with a maximum degradation rate of 882 ng cm−2 h−1 for poly[(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate] (12 mol% V). Surface deterioration, especially on the amorphous regions of PHB films
was observed after exposure to PhaZ-Th by atomic force microscopy. The use of P. pastoris as an alternative recombinant system for bioplastic degrading enzymes in secreted form and a sensitive SPR analytical technique
will be of utility for further study of bioplastic degradation. 相似文献
8.
The degradation of fluoroacetate by microorganisms has been established for some time, although only a handful of dehalogenases
capable of hydrolyzing the stable C–F bond have been studied. Pseudomonas fluorescens DSM 8341 was originally isolated from soil and readily degrades fluoroacetate, thus it was thought that its dehalogenase
might have some desirable properties. The enzyme was purified from cell-free extracts and characterised: it is a monomer of
32,500 Da, with a pH optimum of 8 and is stable between pH 4 and 10; its activity is stimulated by some metal ions (Mg2+, Mn2+ and Fe3+), but inhibited by others (Hg2+, Ag2+). The enzyme is specific for fluoroacetate, and the K
m
for this substrate (0.68 mM) is the lowest determined for enzymes of this type that have been investigated to date. 相似文献
9.
AE Abo-Amer 《World journal of microbiology & biotechnology》2012,28(3):805-814
Bacteria capable of degrading the pesticide, cadusafos, were isolated from agricultural soil using an enrichment method. In
this way, five distinct cadusafos-degrading strains of Pseudomonas putidia were isolated, and were characterized using morphological and biochemical analysis, as well as 16S rRNA sequencing. Strain
PC1 exhibited the greatest cadusafos degradation rate and was consequently selected for further investigation. Degradation
of cadusafos by strain PC1 was rapid at 20 and 37°C, but was greatly reduced (~1.5-fold) by the presence of carbon sources.
Strain PC1 was able to effectively degrade cadusafos in sterilized soil using low inoculum levels. The maximum degradation
rate of cadusafos (V
max
) was calculated as 1.1 mg l−1 day−1, and its saturation constant (K
s
) was determined as 2.5 mg l−1. Bacteria such as strain PC1, that use cadusafos as a carbon source, could be employed for the bioremediation of sites contaminated
with pesticides. 相似文献
10.
11.
A screening of 27 fungal strains for degradation of the phenylurea herbicide isoproturon was performed and yielded 15 strains capable of converting the herbicide to polar metabolites. The zygomycete fungus Cunninghamella elegans strain JS/2 isolated from an agricultural soil converted isoproturon to several known hydroxylated metabolites. In addition, unknown metabolites were produced in minor amounts. Inducible degradation was indicated by comparing resting cells pregrown with or without isoproturon. This shows that strain JS/2 is capable of partially degrading isoproturon and that one or more of the enzymes involved are inducible upon isoproturon exposure. 相似文献
12.
J. O. Nacorda M. R. Martinez-Goss N. K. Torreta F. E. Merca 《Journal of applied phycology》2007,19(6):701-710
Two strains of Chlorella vulgaris Beijerinck isolated from two different sites in Laguna de Bay, Philippines, were studied for their resistance and ability
to remove four metal ions, i.e., Cu2+, Cr6+, Pb2+, and Cd2+ added separately in BG-11 growth medium. The growth of the two strains was severely inhibited at 2 mg.L−1 of Cu2+, 5 mg.L−1 of Cr6+, 8 mg.L−1 of Pb2+, and 10 mg.L−1 of Cd2+. However, the two strains exhibited different EC50 values for the same metal ion. The WB strain had a significantly higher resistance (p < 0.01) for Cd2+ and Cr6+ compared with the SB strain, while the SB strain had significantly higher resistance (p < 0.01) for Cu2+ compared with the WB strain. On the other hand, the two strains behaved differently in their capacity to remove the metal
ions in BG-11 medium containing 1.0 mg.L−1 of the three metal ions, except for Cu2+, which was added at 0.1 mg.L−1. The WB strain showed the highest removal of Cd2+ at 70.3% of total, followed by Pb2+ at 32%, while the SB strain exhibited the highest removal of Pb2+ at 48.7% followed by Cd2+ at 40.7% of the total. Both strains showed the least removal of Cr6+ at 28% and 20.8% of the total for the WB and SB strains respectively. The percentage removal for Cu2+ was 50.7% and 60.8% for the WB and SB strains respectively. After 12 days of incubation, both strains showed that a greater
percentage of the metal ions removed were accumulated intracellularly than adsorbed at a ratio of at least 2:1. Both strains
manifested the same cytological deformities, like a loss of pyrenoids at 10 mg.L−1 in all four metal ions. Discoloration and disintegration of chloroplasts were observed at 1.0 mg.L−1 in Cu2+ and 5 mg.L−1 in Cr6+. The nonrelease of autospores from the mother cells was observed at 10 mg.L−1 in Cu2+ and Cr6+.
Presented at the 6th Meeting of the Asian Pacific Society of Applied Phycology, Manila, Philippines. 相似文献
13.
A. V. Loskutov G.-Q. Song K. C. Sink 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》2008,44(4):239-245
Callus selection (CS) and the flamingo-bill explant (FB) methods were evaluated for efficacy in transformation for celery.
Agrobacterium tumefaciens strains EHA105 and GV3101, each with the bar gene under the promoters NOS (pGPTV-BAR) or 35S (pDHB321.1), were used. Leaf explants were inoculated and co-cultivated for
2 d in the dark. Calluses emerged on the explants on callus medium (C), Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium + 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic
acid (2,4-D) (2.3 μM) + kinetin (2.8 μM) + timentin (300 mg·l−1). Calluses 4- to 6-wk-old were selected for glufosinate (GS) resistance by a two step method. First, calluses were transferred
to C medium + GS 0.35, 0.5, 1, 2, 5, or 10 mg·l−1; calluses formed only with 0, 0.35 and 0.5 mg·l−1 GS. All growing calluses from 0 and 0.35 mg·l−1 and a few from 0.5 mg·l−1, were divided and placed back on C + GS 0.35–0.5 mg·l−1 for another 5–6 wk. Second, tolerant clones were again divided and placed on C + GS 1–50 mg·l−1. When cultivar XP85 was inoculated with both strains, using pGPTVBAR, 19 glufosinate resistant (GR) callus clones were selected,
but shoots regenerated only for strain EHA105 inoculations. When both of the strains (each with pDHB321.1) were inoculated
on cv. XP166, 3 and 12 GR calluses occurred for EHA105 and GV3101, respectively. Using CS, a total of 34 GR callus clones
were selected, and shoots were regenerated from over 50% of them on Gamborg B5 medium + 6-(γ, γ-dimethylallylamino) purine
2ip (4.9 μM) + naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA; 1.6 μM) and rooted on MS in 5–6 mo total time. Conversely, using FB with inoculation
by GV3101/pDHB321.1 on cv. XP166 yielded putative transgenic celery plants confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in
just 6 wk. Transformation of the bar gene into celery was confirmed by PCR for 5 and 6 CS and FB lines, respectively. Southern blot analyses indicated 1–2 copies
in CS lines and 1 copy in FB lines. Herbicide assays on whole plants with 100 and 300 mg·l−1 glufosinate indicated a range of low to high tolerance for lines derived by both methods. The bar gene was found to be Mendelian inherited in one self-fertile CS derived line. 相似文献
14.
We report here the degradation of a pesticide, malathion, by Brevibacillus sp. strain KB2 and Bacillus cereus strain PU, isolated from soil samples collected from malathion contaminated field and an army firing range respectively.
Both the strains were cultured in the presence of malathion under aerobic and energy-limiting conditions. Both strains grew
well in the medium having malathion concentration up to 0.15%. Reverse phase HPLC–UV analysis indicated that Strain KB2 was
able to degrade 72.20% of malaoxon (an analogue of malathion) and 36.22% of malathion, while strain PU degraded 87.40% of
malaoxon and 49.31% of malathion, after 7 days of incubation. The metabolites mal-monocarboxylic acid and mal-dicarboxylic
acid were identified by Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. The factors affecting biodegradation efficiency were investigated
and effect of malathion concentration on degradation rate was also determined. The strain was analyzed for carboxylesterase
activity and maximum activity 210 ± 2.5 U ml−1 and 270 U ± 2.7 ml−1 was observed for strains KB2 and PU, respectively. Cloning and sequencing of putative malathion degrading carboxylesterase
gene was done using primers based PCR approach. 相似文献
15.
The most-probable-number enumeration of dichlobenil and 2,6-dichlorobenzamide (BAM) degrading microbes in Finnish aquifers 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Veera Pukkila Juhani Gustafsson Jari Tuominen Anri Aallonen Merja H. Kontro 《Biodegradation》2009,20(5):679-686
In groundwater subsurface deposits and a topsoil from five aquifers having 2,6-dichlorobenzamide (BAM) in water, we determined
the most-probable-number (MPN) of 2,6-dichlorobenzonitrile (dichlobenil) and metabolite BAM degrading microorganisms. Dichlobenil
and BAM were combined nitrogen sources in the MPN tubes, which were scored positive at concentrations <75% after 1 month incubation.
Aerobic and anaerobic microbes degrading dichlobenil and BAM were common in samples in low numbers of 3.6–210 MPN g dw−1. Additional degradation occurred in high MPN dilutions of some samples, the microbial numbers being 0.11–120 × 105 MPN g dw−1. The strains were isolated from low and high dilutions of one deposit, and degradation in pure cultures was confirmed by
HPLC. According to the 16S rDNA sequencing, strains were from genera Zoogloea, Pseudomonas, Xanthomonas, Rhodococcus, Nocardioides, Sphingomonas, and Ralstonia. Dichlobenil (45.5 ± 18.3%) and BAM (37.6 ± 14%) degradation was low in the MPN tubes. Despite of microbial BAM degradation
activity in subsurface deposits, BAM was measured from groundwater. 相似文献
16.
The growth conditions and ochratoxin A (OTA) production of Aspergillus strains were studied in aniseed (Pimpinella anisum L.)-based media. The results showed that methanol/NaHCO3 (50:50, v/v) mixture for extraction and competitive direct ELISA analytical method are capable of detecting low OTA concentrations
in this raw material, which were confirmed by HPLC with fluorescence detection (R
2 = 0.994). In aniseed meal extract agar artificially contaminated with selected fungi, the higher OTA values obtained were
283.8 ± 28.1 μg L-1 for A. carbonarius and between 1.7 ± 0.1 μg L-1 and 16.5 ± 12.8 μg L-1 for A. steynii strains. While the optimal conditions of growth for A. carbonarius and A. steynii are 28°C and 0.98 a
w, the optimal production of OTA was observed at 0.99 a
w for both A. carbonarius and A. steynii but at 22°C and 28°C, respectively. Except in one sample, all the aniseed samples analysed were negative for OTA natural
contamination. This study demonstrates that aniseed can be a matrix capable to contamination with OTA, at least produced by
A. carbonarius and A. steynii strains, regardless of the antimicrobial properties of aniseed essential oil. 相似文献
17.
Given that the intensive application of sulfonamides in aquaculture, animal husbandry and malaria treatment has lead to an
increase in sulfonamide discharge into the environment, there is an increasing need to find a way to remediate sulfonamide-contaminated
sites. The bacterial strain DX7 was isolated from a marine environment and is capable of degrading sulfadoxine. DX7 was identified
as a Pseudomonas sp. based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Approximately 30% of sulfadoxine was degraded after Pseudomonas sp. DX7 was inoculated into mineral salt plus tryptone media containing 10 mg l−1 sulfadoxine for 2 days. The degradation efficiency under different environmental conditions was characterized using HPLC.
The optimal temperature and pH for sulfadoxine biodegradation were around 30°C and 6.0, respectively. The optimal concentrations
of sulfadoxine and tryptone for sulfadoxine biodegradation were determined to be approximately 30 mg l−1 and between 2.0 and 8.0 g l−1, respectively. Cytotoxicity analysis indicated that the metabolites of sulfadoxine generated by Pseudomonas sp. DX7 showed significantly reduced cytotoxicity to Hela cells. These results suggest that Pseudomonas sp. DX7 is a new bacterial resource for degrading sulfadoxine and indicate the potential of the isolated strain in the bioremediation
of sulfadoxine-contaminated environments. 相似文献
18.
Ö. Şimşek N. Akkoç A. H. Çon F. Özçelik P. E. J. Saris Mustafa Akçelik 《Journal of industrial microbiology & biotechnology》2009,36(6):863-871
Nisin production in continuous cultures of bioengineered Lactococcus lactis strains that incorporate additional immunity and regulation genes was studied. Highest nisin activities were observed at
0.2 h–1 dilution rate and 12.5 g l–1 fructose concentration for all strains. Recombinant strains were able to produce greater amounts of nisin at dilution rates
below 0.3 h−1 compared to the control strain. However, this significant difference disappeared at dilution rates of 0.4 and 0.5 h–1. For the strains LL27, LAC338, LAC339, and LAC340, optimum conditions for nisin production were determined to be at 0.29,
0.26, 0.27, and 0.27 h–1 dilution rates and 11.95, 12.01, 11.63, and 12.50 g l–1 fructose concentrations, respectively. The highest nisin productivity, 496 IU ml–1 h–1, was achieved with LAC339. The results of this study suggest that low dilution rates stabilize the high specific nisin productivity
of the bioengineered strains in continuous fermentation. Moreover, response surface methodology analysis showed that regulation
genes yielded high nisin productivity at wide ranges of dilution rates and fructose concentrations. 相似文献
19.
Comamonas acidovorans MC1, which is capable of degrading the chiral phenoxypropionate herbicides 2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)propionate [dichlorprop, (RS)-2,4-DP] and 2-(4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy)propionate [mecoprop, (RS)-MCPP] and of degrading the phenoxyacetate herbicides 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetate (2,4-D) and 4-chloro-2-methylphenoxyacetate (MCPA), was investigated with respect to the enzymatic basis of this broad substrate specificity. The initial steps of the degradation pathway of (RS)-2,4-DP and 2,4-D were studied. By applying either ion exchange chromatography or hydrophobic interaction chromatography it was possible to separate two enzyme fractions with etherolytic activity, which exhibited pronounced substrate specificity. One enzyme fraction was highly specific for the degradation of the R-enantiomer of 2,4-DP and did not essentially attack the S-configuration. The other enzyme fraction showed pronounced activity toward the cleavage of the S-enantiomer and additionally utilized 2,4-D with almost equal velocity; (R)-2,4-DP was even cleaved at a low rate by this enzyme. These results confirm the existence of phenoxyalkanoatedegrading enzymes with enantiospecific properties in strain MC1. 相似文献
20.
Zahir Ahmad Zahir Usman Ghani Muhammad Naveed Sajid Mahmood Nadeem Hafiz Naeem Asghar 《Archives of microbiology》2009,191(5):415-424
Ethylene synthesis is accelerated in response to various environmental stresses like salinity. Ten rhizobacterial strains
isolated from wheat rhizosphere taken from different salt affected areas were screened for growth promotion of wheat under
axenic conditions at 1, 5, 10 and 15 dS m−1. Three strains, i.e., Pseudomonas putida (N21), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (N39) and Serratia proteamaculans (M35) showing promising performance under axenic conditions were selected for a pot trial at 1.63 (original), 5, 10 and 15 dS m−1. Results showed that inoculation was effective even in the presence of higher salinity levels. P. putida was the most efficient strain compared to the other strains and significantly increased the plant height, root length, grain
yield, 100-grain weight and straw yield up to 52, 60, 76, 19 and 67%, respectively, over uninoculated control at 15 dS m−1. Similarly, chlorophyll content and K+/Na+ of leaves also increased by P. putida over control. It is highly likely that under salinity stress, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid-deaminase activity of
these microbial strains might have caused reduction in the synthesis of stress (salt)-induced inhibitory levels of ethylene.
The results suggested that these strains could be employed for salinity tolerance in wheat; however, P. putida may have better prospects in stress alleviation/reduction. 相似文献