Psammodiscus nov. gen. Based on Coscinodiscus nitidus

The epipsammic diatom Coscinodiscus nitidus differs from typicalCoscinodiscus species in areola arrangement and structure, closingmembrane structure, rimoportula arrangement, and habitat. Severalsimilarities exist between it and Rhaphoneis species but, whilethe relationship between these is close, the two cannot be consideredcongeneric. A new genus, Psammodiscus, is created to includeC. nitidus. Coscinodiscus nitidus, Rhaphoneis, Psammodiscus nov. gen., epipsammic diatom, diatom taxonomy     

Rostromysis bacescuii gen. et sp. nov. and Megalopsis den-ticauda gen. et sp. nov. (Crustacea -- Mysidacea) from the south-west coast of Australia

Rostromysis bacescuii gen. et sp. nov. and Megalopsis denlicaudagen. et sp. nov. belonging to the tribe Leptomysini are describedfrom the south-west coast of Australia. The characters uniqueto the genus Rostromysis are the unusually long club-shapedrostrum and the large delicate lamella-like pleopods of thefemale, thus easily distinguishing it from the allied generaTenagomysis and Doxomysis. The genus Megalopsis is closely alliedto Leptomysis, Prionomysis and Promysis but is readily distinguishablein having a short linguiform uncleft telson with a pair of medianplumose setae.     

Revision of the genus Stentor Oken (Protozoa, Ciliophora) and description of S.araucanus nov. spec, from South American lakes

Stentor is a heterolrich ciliate which often forms lawn-likecovers on the bottom and/or blooms in the pelagial of lakesworldwide. The species involved in these spectacular eventswere usually either not determined or misidentified becausethe keys are outdated and incomplete. Thus, we have revisedthe nominal species described since the first major revisionby Ehrenberg (1838). Main species characteristics are the presence/absenceof symbiotic algae, the shape of the macronucleus and the colourof the cortical pigment granules. The last character mentionedmust be studied in live cells because the pigment bleaches inchemically fixed specimens. Nineteen valid species are recognizedand dichotomously keyed according to these characteristics.Twenty-seven other species and varieties, described after Ehrenberg'srevision, are synonyms or species indeterminata A new species.S.araucanus, is described from South American lakes. It is asmall, broadly trumpet-shaped Stentor with symbiotic algae,vermiform macronucleus and blue-green cortical granules. Stentoraraucanus is probably euplanktic and restricted to the southernhemisphere. Stentor auriculalus Kahl. 1932 sensu Wang (1934)is recognized as a new species, Condylostoma wangi, and transferredto the genus Condylostoma. New nomenclatural corrections: Stentorbaicalius nom. nov. (pro S.pygmaeus, preoccupied). S loricatiisnom. corr. (for S.loricata), S.ruber nom. corr. (for S.ruhra).     

The Genus Hantzschia with Particular Reference to H. virgata v. intermedia (Grun.) comb. nov.

The diatom genus Hantzschia and its closely associated generaare discussed briefly. From a study of one variety of Hantzschiavirgata by light and scanning electron microscopy the morphologyof the siliceous components has been determined. The new combinationH. virgata v. intermedia has been proposed. The possible originof Hantzschia from Nitzschia by a displacement of the raphesystem at cell division is discussed.     

New mysids from the South Australian coastal waters: Paranchialina secunda sp. nov.; Leptomysis longisquama sp. nov. and Doxomysis johnsoni sp. nov.

Three new species are described, Paranchialina secunda. Leptomysislongisquama and Doxomysis johnsoni from the coastal waters ofSouth West Australia.     

CONASSIMINEA, A NEW GENUS OF THE ASSIMINEIDAE (CAENOGASTROPODA: RISSOOIDEA) FROM SOUTHEASTERN AUSTRALIA

A new genus of Assimineidae, Conassiminea, is described fromestuarine habitats in southeastern Australia (New South Wales,Tasmania and Victoria). Two new species, C. studderti and C.zheni, are included in the genus, the former being the typespecies. Conassiminea is distinct from all other assimineidgenera in two autapomorphies in the female reproductive system:the seminal receptacle has two ducts and the bursal duct isextremely wide. The phylogenetic relationships of the new genuswere examined using a morphological dataset. (Received 26 February 2005; accepted 22 April 2005)     

The Ovule and 'Seed' of Araucaria Bidwilli with Discussion of the Taxonomy of the Genus II. Taxonomy

This paper deals with the taxonomic and historical backgroundof the genus Araucaria with a discussion and evaluation of charactersused as a basis for sectional division. The three existing sectionsare more clearly delimited and a new section-Sectio Bunya-isproposed for A. Bidwilli, which is removed from section Columbea.A key to the four sections is given.     

Novelties in the Corticiales: Vuilleminia nilsii sp. nov. and Dendrominia gen. nov. (Basidiomycota)

Vuilleminia nilsii sp. nov. is described based on collections made in Argelès-sur-Mer communal forest, France. It is characterized by a resupinate, smooth, whitish, decorticating basidiocarp, cylindrical cystidia, heavily crystallized matrix, and guttulate, allantoid spores. It can be distinguished from V. coryli by basidiospore size, substrate preferences, abundance of dendrohyphidia, and crystal in the context. Phylogenetic analyses place Vuilleminia ericae, Dendrothele dryina (= V. dryina) and Dendrothele maculata in a distinct, well-defined clade. The new genus Dendrominia is proposed for this clade. The new combinations Dendrominia dryina, D. ericae, and D. maculata are proposed. Dendrothele corticola is regarded as a synonym of D. maculata. A lectotype is selected for V. macrospora. An updated key to the genus Vuilleminia and a key to Dendrominia species are provided.     

Reclassification of Peptostreptococcus magnus (Prevot 1933) Holdeman and Moore 1972 as Finegoldia magna comb. nov. and Peptostreptococcus micros (Prevot 1933) Smith 1957 as Micromonas micros comb. nov.

Several lines of evidence, notably 16S rRNA sequence analysis, indicate that the genusPeptostreptococcus is phylogenetically incoherent. Two of the most well studied species, Peptostreptococcus magnus and Peptostreptococcus micros, differ significantly in both genetic and phenotypic characteristics from each other and from the type species of the genus, Peptostreptococcus anaerobius. Therefore, we propose thatPeptostreptococcus magnus be reclassified in a new genus, Finegoldia, as Finegoldia magna; we propose that Peptostreptococcus micros be reclassified in new genus, Micromonas, as Micromonas micros.     

A NEW GENUS AND SPECIES OF PLANORBIDAE (GASTROPODA: HETEROBRANCHIA: PULMONATA) FROM NORTHERN AUSTRALIA

A new genus and species of Planorbidae, Kessneria papillosa n.gen.and sp. from the Northern Territory, Australia, are described.The new genus is morphologically most similar to Leichhardtia,another genus restricted to Northern Australia, from which itdiffers in a number of important shell and anatomical characters.The shell of the new genus differs from all other planorbidsin having a raised, papillate protoconch, and is also uniqueamongst Australian high-spired genera in being umbilicate and inhaving a sinuate outer lip. (Received 12 May 2000; accepted 25 September 2000)     

Hyperoche shihi sp. nov. (Crustacea : Peracarida : Amphipoda): a symbiont of a deep-living medusa in the Gulf of California

From samples of deep-water zooplankton obtained in the Gulfof California, an undescribed species of the genus HyperocheBovallius was collected. The new species is similar to Hyperochemedusarum Kröyer and Hyperoche luetkenides Walker. It differsfrom its congeners mainly by the strong, large chela of pereopod2 and the absence of processes or denticles along the posteriordistal margin of same structure. It was collected at a depthof 1136 m as a symbiont of the bathypelagic hydromedusa Chromatonemaerythrogonon (Bigelow). The amphipod remained grasped to themedusa subumbrellar cavity. Seven other associations are knownbetween hyperiids and jellies in the Gulf of California, mostfrom the epipelagic layer. This is the only deep-living speciesof Hyperoche known.     

Fibrophrys columna gen. nov., sp. nov: A member of the family Amphifilidae

A novel Diplophrys-like organism, Fibrophrys columna, was isolated from Hiuchigaike Pond in Japan. F. columna showed a nearly orbicular or broadly elliptical cell shape and has fine filamentous, branching ectoplasmic elements emanating from both polar ends of the cell. Cells also contain orange, amber, or colorless lipid bodies. Although its whole cell morphology resembles that of the genus Diplophrys, Fibrophrys is clearly distinct from Diplophrys on the basis of 18S rDNA sequences. Molecular phylogenetic analysis showed a close relationship of F. columna with Amphifila marina, and its sequence is similar to many environmental stramenopile sequences. The cells of F. columna measured 5.0–8.3 × 5.6–10.3 μm and sometimes possessed hernia-like prongs instead of filamentous ectoplasmic elements. An axis-like electron-dense body was observed in the mitochondria. We also studied the ultrastructure of another Fibrophrys strain, Fibrophrys sp. E-1, which is different from the type strain of F. columna. A ladder-like pattern was recognized in the outer part of unidentified cytoplasmic membranes connected with the mitochondria. The unidentified cytoplasmic membranes were connected to the nuclear, lipid body, and mitochondrial outer membranes. We propose a new genus, Fibrophrys, and a new species, F. columna, based on these ultrastructural and molecular features.     

Nervostroma, gen. nov. in the Sclerotiniaceae, the teleomorph of Cristulariella, and Hinomyces anam. gen. nov. to accommodate the anamorph of Grovesinia: reassessment of the genus Cristulariella

Taxonomy of the genus Cristulariella is revised, retaining Cristulariella (Crist.) depraedans as the type. Two new species, Crist. cercidiphylli and Crist. corni, are additionally described under the genus. The new anamorphic genus Hinomyces is erected to accommodate Botrytis (Cristulariella) moricola and Cristulariella pruni. A new genus and species, Nervostroma depraedans, is erected in the Sclerotiniaceae to accommodate the teleomorph of Crist. depraedans, with an additional species, Nervostroma cercidiphylli.     

Chassalia magnificens sp. nov. and C. chrysoclada comb. nov. (Rubiaceae) from central Africa

Chassalia magnificens, a new species from the Albertine Rift in eastern Democratic Republic of Congo, is described and illustrated. The species is recognised inter alia by its large stipules and montane habitat. Chassalia chrysoclada is a new combination for a widespread, but hitherto overlooked, central African species originally described in the genus Psychotria. Chassalia chrysoclada is related to C. pteropetala (K. Schum.) Cheek but lacks the bicostate twigs and dorsally winged corolla lobes of that species.     

Scottish Lower Carboniferous Plants: Eristophyton waltoni sp. nov. and Endoxylon zonatum (Kidston) Scott from Dunbartonshire

Two petrified stems are described. One, Eristophyton waltoni,which only differs from E. beinertianum (Goeppert) Zalessky,in details, provides new information about the leaf trace andits occlusion after leaf fall. The other, identified as Endoxylonzonatum (Kidston) Scott, differs from the Type chiefly in showingno growth rings; it indicates the range of variation in thegenus and an emended generic diagnosis is given. Both genera, formerly included in the Calamopityaceae, are nowtentatively referred to the Cordaitales.     

Marichromatium litoris sp. nov. and Marichromatium chrysaorae sp. nov. isolated from beach sand and from a jelly fish (Chrysaora colorata)

Three strains (JA349^T, JA553^T, JA439) of phototrophic sulphur bacteria were isolated from marine habitats of India. 16S rRNA gene sequence of the three strains clustered phylogenetically with members of the genus Marichromatium of the family Chromatiaceae belonging to the class Gammaproteobacteria. All the strains shared highest sequence similarity with the type strains of Marichromatium spp. (96-99% sequence similarity) and the new strains were characterized based on polyphasic taxonomy. Strains JA349^T and JA553^T can be distinguished from closest relative species of the genus Marichromatium with respect to distinct differences in cellular polar lipids, fatty acids and carbon/nitrogen sources utilization. Both strains were distinctly related (<50% based on DNA-DNA hybridization) with the type strains of the genus Marichromatium. Multilocus Sequence Analysis (MLSA) of the concatenated five protein coding genes (fusA, pufM, dnaK, recA, soxB) along with internal transcribed spacer (ITS; 16S-23S rRNA) had sequence similarity of less than 92% with the type strains of Marichromatium spp. Distinct phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and molecular differences allow the separation of strains JA349^T and JA553^T into new species of the genus Marichromatium for which, we propose the names Marichromatium litoris sp. nov. and Marichromatium chrysaorae sp. nov., respectively.     

Leptopalaemon gagadjui gen. nov., sp. nov., a new freshwater palaemonid shrimp from Arnhem land,and a re-evaluation of Palaemonetes holthuisi Strenth,with the designation of a new genus,Calathaemon

A new palaemonid shrimp, Leptopalaemon gagadjui, gen. nov., sp. nov., from the Arnhem Land plateau, Australia, is described and illustrated, and its systematic position discussed. The new genus most closely resembles Leptocarpus Holthuis, 1950, presently known only from India. Palaemonetes holthuisi Strenth is re-examined and excluded from the genus Palaemonetes. A new genus, Calathaemon, is designated for its accommodation.     

DESCRIPTION OF A NEW GENUS AND SPECIES BELONGING TO THE FAMILY PHYLLIDIIDAE (NUDIBRANCHIA: DORIDOIDEA)

A new genus of phyllidiid nudibranch, Reticulidia, is described.Distinguishing features are the reticulate pattern of smoothridges on the dorsum and the radially arranged, glandular discswhich make up the pharyngeal bulb. Additional features of theforegut are described and compared with other genera. The importanceof the alimentary system for the separation of genera withinthe Phyllidiidae is supported and its validity reinforced bythis new genus. One species, Reticulidia halgerda, is describedas new and differentiated from a second, sympatric species.Reticulidia is presently known from the eastern Indian Ocean,South China Sea and western Pacific Ocean. ^*Present address: Australian Biological and Environmental Survey,Australian National Parks and Wildlife Service. GPO Box 1383,Canberra. ACT 2601. Australia. (Received 15 August 1989; accepted 8 January 1990)     

Pancreatonema torriensis gen. nov., sp. nov. (Nematoda: Rhabdochonidae) from the pancreatic duct of Raja naevus

A new genus and species of nematode, Pancreatonema torriensis, from the pancreatic duct of Raja naevus caught off Aberdeen and north-west Scotland is described and aspects of its biology are discussed. According to the classification of Skrjabin, Sobolev & Ivashkin (1967) [Spirurata of animals and man and the diseases caused by them (4). Essentials of Nematodology, Vol. 16 (I.P.S.T. Translation No. 5904, Jerusalem, 1971)]it belongs to the family Rhabdochonidae, sub-family Prosungulonematinae, and is closely related to the genus Johnstonmawsonia. The taxonomy of the Prosungulonematinae is confused but it is suggested that Johnstonmawsonia should at present be restricted to those species of the genus described from marine teleosts, and that the species from freshwater teleosts should be included in the genus Prosungulonema.     

Indopottia zanderi (Bryophyta,Pottiaceae) gen. et sp. nov. from the Western Ghats of India

Abstract

Indopottia zanderi, a new genus and species of the Pottiaceae, is described from the Silent Valley National Park in the Western Ghats in Peninsular India. The distinctive features of Indopottia are the leaf cells being weakly convex on both surfaces, costal stereid-band semicircular in cross-section, guide cells rounded-ovate or semicircular, seta short and operculum very long. The affinities of the allied genera, Ganguleea, Tortula and Weisiopsis, are discussed. The new genus Indopottia may be placed in the tribe Hyophileae.