重组人巨细胞病毒嵌合肽基因在毕赤酵母中的克隆和表达

为了在毕赤酵母中表达带有组氨酸纯化标记的重组人巨细胞病毒嵌合肽(rHCMVp),根据 其基因序列,设计引物从pPIC9K2rHCMVp 上扩增得到目的基因片段,并导入毕赤酵母诱导型表达 载体pPICZαA 中。通过电击将线性化的重组质粒转化到毕赤酵母X33 细胞中,筛选获得表达量 较高的重组菌株,研究了该菌株生长的培养条件,包括不同诱导时间、甲醇浓度、pH 值对人巨细 胞病毒嵌合肽表达的影响。2L 发酵罐进行了高密度发酵,经1 %的甲醇、pH610 的条件下诱导 48h,最终菌体密度OD600达到180,每升发酵液中含目的蛋白7817mg,产量比摇瓶提高了418 倍。 rHCMVp 可通过高密度发酵大量获得。     

重组戊型肝炎病毒衣壳蛋白工程菌的高密度培养

在10L发酵罐中对戊型肝炎病毒衣壳蛋白在重组大肠杆菌中表达发酵工艺进行了研究,用分批培养方法探讨了不同培养基、培养基中磷酸盐浓度和Mg^2＋浓度等因素对菌体生长与重组蛋白表达的影响;用分批补料培养研究了不同的补料工艺对菌体生长与重组蛋白表达的影响,同时对重组菌诱导时期、诱导持续时间以及不同诱导温度表达包含体在尿素溶液中的溶解性进行了研究。结果表明,在优化后的培养基中,磷酸盐浓度、Mg^2＋浓度分别为80mmol/L 与20mmol/L时菌体生长与表达效果较好;分批补料培养中,37℃培养9h菌体达到对数期中期(约45OD600)为适宜诱导时期,加入终浓度为10mmol/L IPTG后诱导5h,OD600达到80以上,重组蛋白表达量达到29.74％,为最适收获菌体时间;37℃表达的包含体80％以上溶解在4mol/L的尿素溶液中,最终浓度达到14mg/mL; 10L发酵罐中确定的发酵工艺参数在30L发酵罐中进行了放大培养,10L发酵罐中确定的发酵工艺参数在30L发酵罐上具有可放大性与重复性, 可以应用于工业生产。     

GABAA受体蛋白片段在大肠杆菌细胞表达条件研究

为了提高GABAA受体α1蛋白片段在大肠杆菌中表达量,研究了重组菌的发酵条件,包括培养基,接种量,温度,摇床转速,pH,诱导培养时间和诱导剂IPTG使用浓度等对GABAA受体蛋白片段表达的影响。结果表明重组菌以LB培养基为发酵基质,按3%接种量,37℃培养细胞3.5h后IPTG32℃诱导5h,菌体生物量为3.25g/L,目标蛋白表达量达95mg/L。用16L发酵罐进行放大培养,菌体生物量达4.95g/L,发酵周期5.5h。最高目标蛋白表达量达到136mg/L。     

GABAA受体蛋白片段在大肠杆菌细胞表达条件研究*

为了提高GABAA受体a1蛋白片段在大肠杆菌中表达量,研究了重组菌的发酵条件,包括培养基、接种量、温度、摇床转速、pH、诱导培养时间和诱导剂IPTG使用浓度等对GABAA受体蛋白片段表达的影响。结果表明重组菌以LB培养基为发酵基质,按3％接种量,37℃培养细胞3.5h后IPTG 32℃诱导5h,菌体生物量为3.25g/L,目标蛋白表达量达95mg/L。用16L发酵罐进行放大培养,菌体生物量达4.95g/L,发酵周期5.5h,最高目标蛋白表达量达到136mg/L.     

HCMV pp65截短蛋白原核表达条件优化

为了提高HCMVpp65蛋白片段在大肠杆菌中表达量,研究了不同发酵条件对其表达的影响,包括培养基、接种量、温度、摇床转速、pH、诱导时间以及诱导剂IPTG使用浓度等。结果表明,以LB培养基为发酵液,按5%接种量,37℃培养3h后IPTG诱导5h,重组菌菌体生物量为0.6g/L,目的蛋白表达量达18mg/L。用3.7L发酵罐进行放大培养,菌体生物量达0.85g/L,最高目的蛋白表达量达到25mg/L。     

人三叶因子3在毕赤酵母中表达条件的研究

为提高人三叶因子 3 (HumanTrefoilfactor 3 ,hTFF3 )在毕赤酵母中的表达量 ,研究了转化子生长的培养条件 ,包括不同碳源对转化子生长的影响和接种量、甲醇浓度、pH值、摇瓶转速及不同诱导时间对人三叶因子 3表达的影响。结果表明转化子在生长阶段加入葡萄糖生长旺盛 ,培养 14h后OD₆₀₀ 就可达到 50。在 100mL生长培养基上的菌液以 1∶1接入诱导培养基时蛋白表达量最高 ;转化子在 1%的甲醇、pH60、摇瓶转速240r/min的条件下诱导4 8h ,菌体密度OD₆₀₀为 15 ,目的蛋白表达量达到 20mg L。用 5L发酵罐进行了高密度发酵 ,经2%甲醇32h诱导 ,最终菌体密度OD₆₀₀ 达到 120 ,每升发酵液中含目的蛋白100mg。     

碱性果胶酶在重组毕赤酵母中高效表达的关键因素研究

为提高重组毕赤酵母生产碱性果胶酶的产量和生产强度,在摇瓶条件下优化了重组毕赤酵母生产碱性果胶酶的关键因素。结果表明,以下条件：初始甘油浓度40g／L、初始甲醇浓度3.1g甲醇／gDCW、每24h添加0.51g甲醇／gDCW、诱导表达周期72h、250mL三角瓶诱导培养基装液量30mL、初始pH6,0,最适于菌体生长与产物表达。在此基础上,7L罐上通过恒速流加甘油进一步提高细胞密度,诱导阶段甲醇采取前期恒速流加和后期DO-stat,发酵结束菌体干重达80g／L,酶活为217U／mL,比摇瓶结果提高了66.2％。     

弧菌外膜蛋白ompk工程菌规模化培养表达初探

目的:为Ompk亚单位疫苗生产提供参数。方法:利用振荡和发酵培养,测定不同培养时间的菌液浊度和蛋白诱导表达效果。结果:工程菌30℃摇瓶培养10h,种子罐培养8～10h,较为合适;摇瓶和5L发酵罐诱导表达培养,升温42℃诱导表达,7h效果较佳;经5批次50L、500L发酵罐诱导表达培养,均可得到重组蛋白表达的工程菌体,50L和500L发酵罐最高生物量分别为5.32g/L和6.38g/L,平均可达到3.75 g/L和4.74 g/L;适当延迟升温诱导前的培养时间,可提高工程菌的得率。结论:初步确定了重组蛋白工程菌规模化诱导表达培养方法,利用500L发酵罐培养可得到诱导表达的工程菌体。     

酵母菌表达倍菲隆发酵工艺研究

目的 :为了探索用酵母菌表达乙型干扰素 (倍菲隆 )的大批生产的发酵工艺流程及优化的重要参数。选用 1 5L不锈钢发酵罐作为乙型干扰素发酵工艺研究系统。方法 :探索了种细胞密度对初始发酵期 (甘油利用期 )的影响 ,启动甘油补充期的溶解氧浓度 ,诱导目的蛋白表达时添加甲醇的速率条件控制 ,pH对酵母菌生长与蛋白表达的影响以及发酵时间对乙型干扰素表达量影响等重要发酵工艺参数。结果 :接种高密度的种菌 (OD60 0为 9)时酵母菌增殖快 ,湿细胞重量于1 8h即达到 1 5 7g L。当DO恢复至 67%时即开始补充甘油可使酵母菌在 5h内增殖达到 2 1 9g L。添加甲醇速率从 2 %(甲醇终浓度为 0 0 3%)开始 ,逐步增加 ,在 2 4h内达到 33%的添加速率 (甲醇终浓度为 0 5 %)。甲醇诱导前pH为 6时最有利于酵母菌生长 ,在蛋白表达时期 ,控制发酵罐内pH值在 3 0 ,可得最高蛋白表达量。发酵 70h乙型干扰素表达量达到高峰。结论 :接种高密度种菌可促进工程菌生长 ,当DO恢复至 67%时开始补充甘油可加快酵母菌生长 ,在诱导期中缓慢添加甲醇并维持发酵罐pH为 3 0 ,发酵 70h可获得最佳蛋白生产量。     

毕赤嗜甲醇酵母工程菌高密度培养表达黑曲霉菊粉内切酶的研究

目的:对毕赤嗜甲醇酵母工程菌inu-26高密度培养表达黑曲霉菊粉内切酶的条件进行优化,找出最佳的外源蛋白表达条件。方法:在摇瓶优化培养的基础上进行发酵罐高密度培养,优化最佳产酶条件。结果:以葡萄糖为碳源、微量元素添加量100～200mL/L、甲醇浓度1g/L、pH6.0～7.0、诱导时间96h时酶的表达量最高;摇瓶模拟高密度培养表明影响酵母生长的最主要因素葡萄糖和硫酸铵的最佳浓度分别为20～45和11.5g/L;利用培养基F1进行高密度培养优于其他培养基,工程菌生长符合指数生长曲线,细胞生长延迟期为1.36h,比生长速率μ为0.4846h-1。结论:以葡萄糖为碳源,采用葡萄糖-甲醇混合诱导和100%甲醇单一诱导相结合,在菌体鲜重约为280g/L时连续诱导96h,菌体生长良好,不会出现自溶,且酶的表达量最高,为摇瓶培养的3倍多,酶活最高可达540 U/mL。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.