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1.
Tanja Goyarts Klaus-Peter Brüssow Hana Valenta Ute Tiemann Kathrin Jäger Sven Dänicke 《Mycotoxin Research》2010,26(2):119-131
Six pregnant sows of 180.6 ± 5.6 kg were fed either a Fusarium-contaminated (4.42 mg DON and 48.3 μg ZON per kg, DON per os, n = 3) or a control diet (0.15 mg DON and 5 μg ZON/kg) in the period of days 63 and 70 of gestation. On day 63 of gestation,
sows fed the control diet were implanted with an intraperitoneal osmotic minipump (delivery rate of 10 μL/h, for 7 days) containing
50 mg pure (98%) DON in 2 ml 50% DMSO (DON ip, n = 3). Frequent plasma samples were taken to estimate the kinetics after oral and ip DON exposure. The intended continuous
delivery of DON by the intraperitoneal minipump could not be shown, as there was a plasma peak (Cmax) of 4.2–6.4 ng DON/mL either immediately (sow IP-2+3) or 2.5 h (sow IP-1) after implantation of the pump followed by a one-exponential
decline with a mean half-time (t1/2) of 1.75–4.0 h and only negligible DON plasma concentrations after 12 h. Therefore, the DON ip exposure has to be regarded
as one single dose 1 week before termination of experiment. The DON per os sows showed a mean basis level (after achieving
a steady state) of DON plasma concentration of about 6–8 ng/mL, as also indicated by the plasma DON concentration at the termination
of the experiment. On day 70, caesarean section was carried out, the fetuses were killed immediately after birth, and samples
of plasma, urine, and bile were taken to analyze the concentration of DON and its metabolite de-epoxy-DON. At necropsy there
were no macroscopic lesions observed in any organ of either sows or piglets. Histopathological evaluation of sows liver and
spleen revealed no alterations. The proliferation rate of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) with or without stimulation
was not affected by the kind of DON treatment. The exposure of pregnant sows at mid-gestation (days 63–70, period of organogenesis)
to a Fusarium toxin-contaminated diet (4.42 mg DON and 0.048 mg ZON per kg) or pure DON via intraperitoneal osmotic minipump did not cause
adverse effects on health, fertility, maintenance of pregnancy, and performance of sows and their fetuses. However, DON was
detected in fetus plasma, indicating that this toxin can pass the placental barrier and may cause changes in the proportion
of white blood cells (lower monocyte and neutrophil and higher lymphocyte proportion in DON per os fetuses). 相似文献
2.
Donald M Gardiner Kemal Kazan Sebastien Praud Francois J Torney Anca Rusu John M Manners 《BMC plant biology》2010,10(1):289
Background
The fungal pathogen Fusarium graminearum causes Fusarium Head Blight (FHB) disease on wheat which can lead to trichothecene mycotoxin (e.g. deoxynivalenol, DON) contamination of grain, harmful to mammalian health. DON is produced at low levels under standard culture conditions when compared to plant infection but specific polyamines (e.g. putrescine and agmatine) and amino acids (e.g. arginine and ornithine) are potent inducers of DON by F. graminearum in axenic culture. Currently, host factors that promote mycotoxin synthesis during FHB are unknown, but plant derived polyamines could contribute to DON induction in infected heads. However, the temporal and spatial accumulation of polyamines and amino acids in relation to that of DON has not been studied. 相似文献3.
Stefan Schrader Susanne Kramer Elisabeth Oldenburg Joachim Weinert 《Mycotoxin Research》2009,25(1):53-58
Conservation tillage combined with crop-residue mulching is increasingly important to meet soil protection targets. Concurrently,
the health risk of soil-borne pathogenic fungi like Fusarium species, which produce deoxynivalenol (DON) as their major mycotoxin, is increasing. The detritivorous earthworm species
Lumbricus terrestris takes part in the efficient degradation of Fusarium-infected and DON-contaminated wheat straw. Against this background, a laboratory study was conducted to quantify by means
of ELISA technique the uptake of DON and its possible absorption and accumulation in tissue by L. terrestris in the short-term (5 weeks) and long-term (11 weeks). The DON concentrations in L. terrestris of the Fusarium-infected treatment were significantly different in the order of gut tissue > body wall > gut content at both dates with a
decline in the long-term. The DON concentrations in the tissues decreased by an order of magnitude of weeks to months. 相似文献
4.
Isolation of deoxynivalenol-transforming bacteria from the chicken intestines using the approach of PCR-DGGE guided microbial selection 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Hai Yu Ting Zhou Jianhua Gong Christopher Young Xiaojun Su Xiu-Zhen Li Honghui Zhu Rong Tsao Raymond Yang 《BMC microbiology》2010,10(1):182
Background
Contamination of grains with trichothecene mycotoxins, especially deoxynivalenol (DON), has been an ongoing problem for Canada and many other countries. Mycotoxin contamination creates food safety risks, reduces grain market values, threatens livestock industries, and limits agricultural produce exports. DON is a secondary metabolite produced by some Fusarium species of fungi. To date, there is a lack of effective and economical methods to significantly reduce the levels of trichothecene mycotoxins in food and feed, including the efforts to breed Fusarium pathogen-resistant crops and chemical/physical treatments to remove the mycotoxins. Biological approaches, such as the use of microorganisms to convert the toxins to non- or less toxic compounds, have become a preferred choice recently due to their high specificity, efficacy, and environmental soundness. However, such approaches are often limited by the availability of microbial agents with the ability to detoxify the mycotoxins. In the present study, an approach with PCR-DGGE guided microbial selection was developed and used to isolate DON -transforming bacteria from chicken intestines, which resulted in the successful isolation of several bacterial isolates that demonstrated the function to transform DON to its de-epoxy form, deepoxy-4-deoxynivalenol (DOM-1), a product much less toxic than DON. 相似文献5.
Anette McLeod Monique Zagorec Marie-Christine Champomier-Vergès Kristine Naterstad Lars Axelsson 《BMC microbiology》2010,10(1):120
Background
Lactobacillus sakei is an important food-associated lactic acid bacterium commonly used as starter culture for industrial meat fermentation, and with great potential as a biopreservative in meat and fish products. Understanding the metabolic mechanisms underlying the growth performance of a strain to be used for food fermentations is important for obtaining high-quality and safe products. Proteomic analysis was used to study the primary metabolism in ten food isolates after growth on glucose and ribose, the main sugars available for L. sakei in meat and fish. 相似文献6.
Aerobic and anaerobic de-epoxydation of mycotoxin deoxynivalenol by bacteria originating from agricultural soil 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
R Islam T Zhou JC Young PH Goodwin KP Pauls 《World journal of microbiology & biotechnology》2012,28(1):7-13
One hundred and fifty soil samples collected from different crop fields in southern Ontario, Canada were screened to obtain
microorganisms capable of transforming deoxynivalenol (DON) to de-epoxy DON (dE-DON). Microbial DON to dE-DON transformation
(i.e. de-epoxydation) was monitored by using liquid chromatography-ultraviolet-mass spectrometry (LC-UV–MS). The effects of
growth substrates, temperature, pH, incubation time and aerobic versus anaerobic conditions on the ability of the microbes
to de-epoxydize DON were evaluated. A mixed microbial culture from one composite soil sample showed 100% DON to dE-DON biotransformation
in mineral salts broth (MSB) after 144 h of incubation. Treatments of the culture with selective antibiotics followed an elevated
temperature (50°C) for 1.5 h considerably reduced the microbial diversity. Partial 16S-rRNA gene sequence analysis of the
bacteria in the enriched culture indicated the presence of at least six bacterial genera, namely Serratia, Clostridium, Citrobacter, Enterococcus, Stenotrophomonas and Streptomyces. The enriched culture completely de-epoxydized DON after 60 h of incubation. Bacterial de-epoxydation of DON occurred at
pH 6.0–7.5, and a wide array of temperatures (12–40°C). The culture showed rapid de-epoxydation activity under aerobic conditions
compared to anaerobic conditions. This is the first report on microbial DON to dE-DON transformation under aerobic conditions
and moderate temperatures. The culture could be used to detoxify DON contaminated feed and might be a potential source for
gene(s) for DON de-epoxydation. 相似文献
7.
Background
Brucella species include economically important zoonotic pathogens that can infect a wide range of animals. There are currently six classically recognised species of Brucella although, as yet unnamed, isolates from various marine mammal species have been reported. In order to investigate genetic relationships within the group and identify potential diagnostic markers we have sequenced multiple genetic loci from a large sample of Brucella isolates representing the known diversity of the genus. 相似文献8.
Brigitte Kunze Michael Reck Andreas Dötsch André Lemme Dietmar Schummer Herbert Irschik Heinrich Steinmetz Irene Wagner-Döbler 《BMC microbiology》2010,10(1):199
Background
Streptococcus mutans is a major pathogen in human dental caries. One of its important virulence properties is the ability to form biofilms (dental plaque) on tooth surfaces. Eradication of such biofilms is extremely difficult. We therefore screened a library of secondary metabolites from myxobacteria for their ability to damage biofilms of S. mutans. 相似文献9.
Marcos Pérez-Losada Keith A Crandall Margaret C Bash Michael Dan Jonathan Zenilman Raphael P Viscidi 《BMC evolutionary biology》2007,7(1):84
Background
Distinguishing the recent introduction of quinolone resistant gonococci into a population from diversification of resistant strains already in the population is important for planning effective infection control strategies. We applied molecular evolutionary analyses to DNA sequences from 9 housekeeping genes and gyrA, parC and porB of 24 quinolone resistant N. gonorrhoeae (QRNG) and 24 quinolone sensitive isolates collected in Israel during 2000–2001. 相似文献10.
Valentina Rosu Mark S Chadfield Antonella Santona Jens P Christensen Line E Thomsen Salvatore Rubino John E Olsen 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》2007,49(1):14
Background
Salmonella enterica serotype Gallinarum (S. Gallinarum) remains an important pathogen of poultry, especially in developing countries. There is a need to develop effective and safe vaccines. In the current study, the effect of crp deletion was investigated with respect to virulence and biochemical properties and the possible use of a deletion mutant as vaccine candidate was preliminarily tested. 相似文献11.
12.
Pauline Stephenson David Baker Thomas Girin Amandine Perez Stephen Amoah Graham J King Lars Østergaard 《BMC plant biology》2010,10(1):62
Background
The Brassicaceae family includes the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana as well as a number of agronomically important species such as oilseed crops (in particular Brassica napus, B. juncea and B. rapa) and vegetables (eg. B. rapa and B. oleracea). 相似文献13.
Background
The self-fertile hermaphrodite worm C. elegans is an important model organism for biology, yet little is known about the origin and persistence of the self-fertilizing mode of reproduction in this lineage. Recent work has demonstrated an extraordinary degree of selfing combined with a high deleterious mutation rate in contemporary populations. These observations raise the question as to whether the mutation load might rise to such a degree as to eventually threaten the species with extinction. The potential for such a process to occur would inform our understanding of the time since the origin of self-fertilization in C. elegans history. 相似文献14.
Anna Zanfardino Odile F Restaino Eugenio Notomista Donatella Cimini Chiara Schiraldi Mario De Rosa Maurilio De Felice Mario Varcamonti 《Microbial cell factories》2010,9(1):34
Background
Chondroitin sulphate is a complex polysaccharide having important structural and protective functions in animal tissues. Extracted from animals, this compound is used as a human anti-inflammatory drug. Among bacteria, Escherichia coli K4 produces a capsule containing a non-sulphate chondroitin and its development may provide an efficient and cheap fermentative production of the polysaccharide. 相似文献15.
Liv Anette Bøhle Ellen M Færgestad Eva Veiseth-Kent Hilde Steinmoen Ingolf F Nes Vincent GH Eijsink Geir Mathiesen 《Proteome science》2010,8(1):37
Background
Enterococcus faecalis is an opportunistic pathogen and one of the most important causes of hospital infections. Bile acids are a major stress factor bacteria have to cope with in order to colonize and survive in the gastro-intestinal tract. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of bile acids on the intracellular proteome of E. faecalis V583. 相似文献16.
Background
One of the most fascinating properties of the biotechnologically important organism Saccharomyces cerevisiae is its ability to perform simultaneous respiration and fermentation at high growth rate even under fully aerobic conditions. In the present work, this Crabtree effect called phenomenon was investigated in detail by comparative 13C metabolic flux analysis of S. cerevisiae growing under purely oxidative, respiro-fermentative and predominantly fermentative conditions. 相似文献17.
Jerzy Wielbo Dominika Kidaj Piotr Koper Agnieszka Kubik-Komar Anna Skorupska 《Central European Journal of Biology》2012,7(1):13-24
Background
Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae (Rlv) is a soil bacterium which can form nitrogen-fixing symbiotic relationships with leguminous plants. Numerous rhizobial strains found in soils compete with each other. Competition can occur both during the saprophytic growth phase in the rhizosphere and inside plant tissues, during the symbiotic phase. Competition is important as it may affect the composition of rhizobial populations present in the soil and in the root nodules of plants. 相似文献18.
19.
Elsa Pimienta Julio C Ayala Caridad Rodríguez Astrid Ramos Lieve Van Mellaert Carlos Vallín Jozef Anné 《Microbial cell factories》2007,6(1):20
Background
Streptokinase (SK) is a potent plasminogen activator with widespread clinical use as a thrombolytic agent. It is naturally secreted by several strains of beta-haemolytic streptococci. The low yields obtained in SK production, lack of developed gene transfer methodology and the pathogenesis of its natural host have been the principal reasons to search for a recombinant source for this important therapeutic protein. We report here the expression and secretion of SK by the Gram-positive bacterium Streptomyces lividans. The structural gene encoding SK was fused to the Streptomyces venezuelae CBS762.70 subtilisin inhibitor (vsi) signal sequence or to the Streptomyces lividans xylanase C (xlnC) signal sequence. The native Vsi protein is translocated via the Sec pathway while the native XlnC protein uses the twin-arginine translocation (Tat) pathway. 相似文献20.
Alex L Pereira Thiago N Silva Ana CMM Gomes Ana CG Araújo Loreny G Giugliano 《BMC microbiology》2010,10(1):57