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1.
Olsvik PA Gundersen P Andersen RA Zachariassen KE 《Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Toxicology & pharmacology : CBP》2001,128(2):189-201
In this work we have studied the accumulation of heavy metals in two brown trout (Salmo trutta) populations in their natural environment and the participation of metal binding to metallothionein (MT) in this process. Cd, Cu and Zn concentrations, total MT (including Cu MT) and Cd/Zn MT were measured in the gills, liver and kidney of trout inhabiting two rivers, one Cu-contaminated and the other Cd/Zn-contaminated, located at Røros, Central Norway. In both populations, high levels of Cu were found in the liver, whereas Cd was accumulated in liver and particularly in the kidney. The proportions of Cd/Zn MT and Cu MT in liver and kidney, but not in gills, reflected the accumulated and the environmental concentrations of these metals. The total Cu MT concentrations in the investigated tissues, however, were highest in trout from the river with the lowest ambient Cu concentration. It is suggested that MTs are of less importance in Cu-acclimated trout. The data also suggest that acclimation to a Cu-rich environment involves reduced Cu accumulation or increased Cu elimination. In trout from the Cd-rich environment, this metal was mainly bound to MT, whereas in trout from the Cu-rich environment Cd was also associated with non-MT proteins. These findings emphasize the importance to determine both Cd/Zn MT and Cu MT levels, when the participation of this protein in metal handling in trout tissues is investigated. 相似文献
2.
To evaluate the species specificity of Cd accumulation and the relationship of Cd with other essential metals and metallothionein
(MT), the concentrations of Cd, Zn, Cu, and Fe in the liver and kidney and the MT concentrations in the soluble fractions
of the liver and kidney were determined in Cd-uncontaminated nonhuman primates (11 species, 26 individuals) kept in a zoo
and two wild-caught Japanese macaques. The compositions of metal-binding proteins in the soluble fractions were also investigated
by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The hepatic Cd concentration was 0.03–14.0 μg/g and the renal Cd concentration was 0.35–99.0 μg/g, both varying greatly and being higher in nonhuman primates, which were more closely related to man. The hepatic Zn concentration
was 24.0–176 μg/g and the renal Zn concentration was 13.5–138 μg/g, showing 7- to 10-fold differences, and a correlation (r=0.558, p<0.01) was found between renal Zn and renal Cd concentrations.
It was proved that in the liver, MT is more closely correlated with Zn (r=0.795, p<0.001) than with Cd (r=0.492, p<0.01) and that in the kidney MT is correlated with both Cd (r=0.784, p<0.001) and Zn (r=0.742, p<0.001). HPLC analysis of metals bound to MT-like protein in chimpanzees, de Brazza’s monkeys, and Bolivian squirrel monkeys
showed that more than 90% of Cd in both the liver and kidney, approx 40% of Zn in liver and 28–69% of Zn in kidney were bound
to MT-like protein. The higher percentage Zn was bound to high-molecular protein. 相似文献
3.
1. A short-term exposure of adult Wistar rats to Cu (50 μg/ml) and Cd (10.0 μg/ml drinking water) caused significant changes in the subcellular concentrations of Cd, Cu, Zn and metallothionein (MT) in the liver and kidney; the concentrations were close to the physiological values, however.2. To establish a relationship between these changes in the subcellular concentrations of Cd, Cu, Zn and the level of MT in the post-mitochondrial fraction of the liver and kidney, the analytical data (N = 42) were subjected to the multiple regression analysis.3. The analysis showed that MT synthesis in the liver was principally induced by small amounts of Cd (0.32–1.4 μg/g wet wt) whereas in the kidney a level of MT in the post-mitochondrial fraction correlated positively with the renal Cd and Cu, as well as with the level of this protein in the liver.4. The above results together with the positive correlation between the level of MT in the post-mitochondrial fraction and the concentration of Cu in this fraction, as well as the fact that under normal physiological conditions the capacity of MT (β-domain) in the liver and kidney was sufficient to bind 50–100% of the total post-mitochondrial Cu suggest that MT, first induced by small amounts of Cd, may be involved in the metabolism of Cu. 相似文献
4.
We determined the hepatic and renal concentrations of Cd, Pb, Zn, Cu, and Fe in (1) marine mammals (three bottle-nosed dolphins,
six California sea lions, and one sea otter), (2) freshwater and brackish-water mammals (one Oriental short-clawed otter and
four European river otters), and (3) sea birds (three rock-hopper penguins, two king penguins, three Humboldt penguins, four
Macaroni penguins, and four Magellanic penguins), all of which were kept in a zoo and an aquarium in Japan. We investigated
the species-specificity of Cd accumulation in these aquatic animals. We also presented the basic data on metal concentrations.
The concentrations of Cd in liver and kidney tended to be higher in marine mammals than in freshwater mammals. Many penguins,
sea birds, showed high Cd concentrations. These results suggest that the habits of these animal species may be involved in
accumulation of Cd. Pb concentrations were below the detection limit or low in both liver and kidney [not detected (ND)=0.132
μg/g and ND=0.183 μg/g, respectively]. The hepatic concentrations of Zn and Cu were high in young animals. In penguins, a
positive correlation was found between the Zn and Cd concentrations in the liver and kidney and between the Cu and Cd concentrations
in the liver. Individual variation was large in Fe concentration (48–3746 μg/g in the liver and 51–980 μg/g in the kidney). 相似文献
5.
Minoru Yoshida Hisayoshi Ohta Youji Yamaguchi Yukio Seki Morihisa Sagi Kentarou Yamazaki Yawara Sumi 《Biological trace element research》1998,63(2):167-175
Samples of liver, renal cortex, and medulla were obtained from 55 forensic autopsies (0- to 95-yr-old Japanese). Metallothionein
(MT) was determined by the Ag-hem or Cd-hem method. Zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), and cadmium (Cd) were determined by atomic absorption
spectrophotometry. The mean levels of MT were 250 μg/g in the liver, and 394 μg/g (cortex) and 191 μg/g (medulla) in the kidney.
Age-dependent changes were observed in both the liver and kidney. In the liver, MT level decreased during infancy and increased
thereafter with age. Similar age-dependent changes in the levels of Zn and Cu were observed. In the kidney cortex, MT level
increased with age, although no correlation was found after middle age. The levels of Cd and Zn also increased with age until
middle age; however, they decreased thereafter. These results suggest that age-dependent changes in renal MT levels are associated
with accumulation of Cd. 相似文献
6.
An experiment was conducted to invest effects of chronic cadmium poisoning on Zn, Cu, Fe, Ca, and metallothionein gene expression and protein synthesis in liver and kidney in rats. Forty rats, 6?weeks old, were randomly allocated into two groups. A group was given CdCl(2) (1?mg/KgCd(2+)) by intraperitoneal injection once a day. The other group was treated with normal saline in the same way. Liver and kidney were collected for analysis at the end of the third week. Results showed that Cd exposure increased Cd (P?0.01) and Zn (P?0.01) content both in liver and kidney. Fe and Ca concentration had a considerable increase in kidney (P?0.01), while both had different degree reduction in liver. Discrepancies between MT mRNA and protein were observed in liver and kidney. In liver, both MT mRNA and protein had a significant increase (P?0.01), while in kidney, only MT gene increase was checked. Meanwhile, the expression levels of MT-1 mRNA and MT-2 mRNA were distinct between liver and kidney. The present study indicated that changes in tissue Cd and Zn levels tended to reflect MT mRNA expression, but bear no clear relationship with MT protein. There did not have a strict dose-dependent relationship among Cd content, MT gene expression, and MT protein synthesis. What is more, changes of Zn, Fe, Cu, and Ca had a certain interaction with both MT mRNA and protein. 相似文献
7.
Heavy Metal Accumulation in Four Species of Sea Turtles from the Baja California Peninsula, Mexico 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Susan C. Gardner Sionnan L. Fitzgerald Baudilio Acosta Vargas Lia Méndez Rodríguez 《Biometals》2006,19(1):91-99
Heavy metals were assessed in four species of sea turtles from the Baja California Peninsula, Mexico, representing the first
report of heavy metal concentrations in tissues of post-yearling sea turtles from the Eastern Pacific. Concentrations of Cd
measured in C. mydas kidney (653 μg/g dry wt) were the highest ever reported for any sea turtle species. Cd accumulated preferentially in kidney and the ratios
of kidney to liver Cd in Baja California turtles were among the highest reported for sea turtles globally. Zn, Ni, and Mn
concentrations were also significantly higher in kidney than other tissues, while Cu and Fe were greatest in liver, and all
metals were lowest in muscle. With the exception of one value (69.9 μg/g in kidney of C. caretta), Pb was low in all tissues from Baja California. In comparisons across species, kidney of C. mydas had greater Zn and Ni concentrations as compared to other species, although there was no difference in liver metal levels
among the species. Positive correlations were detected in the concentrations of Cd, Cu and Ni with the straight carapace length
of C. caretta. 相似文献
8.
Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) were exposed to 0, 100, 400, and 800 μg/g concentrations of Pb in diet for 60 days, and changes in growth performance, metabolic
enzyme activities, and essential trace elements (Fe, Cu, and Zn) content in liver and kidney were investigated. Daily weight
gain, feed conversation ratio, and survival of tilapia were not significantly affected by dietary Pb. Alanine transaminase
(ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities in liver and kidney were affected by dietary
Pb in a dissimilar way: Pb concentration-related decreases in ALT, AST, and LDH activities were observed in kidney, while
these enzyme activities in liver were stimulated in a Pb concentration-dependent manner. It was demonstrated that the inhibitory
effects of dietary Pb on alkaline phosphatase, Na, K-adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase), Ca, and Mg-ATPase activities in both
liver and kidney were Pb concentration-dependent. It was also indicated that the content of Fe, Cu, and Zn in liver and kidney
decreased with the increasing dietary Pb concentrations. The results suggested that long-term dietary Pb exposure could affect
metabolic enzyme activities and the content of Fe, Cu, and Zn in liver and kidney, whereas growth impairment was not observed
in tilapia. 相似文献
9.
Yasumasa Kunifuji Terumasa Nakamura Masayuki Takasugi 《Biological trace element research》1987,14(3):237-248
Cd induced changes of Zn and Cd distribution in the liver and kidneys were studied in relation to Cd metallothionein (MT)
synthesis. Wistar male rats were given CdCl2 by sc injection of .8, 1.5, and 3.0 mg Cd/kg three times a week for three weeks. Cd levels of liver and kidneys increased
with the increment of Cd dosage and 80–90% of Cd was found in the cytosol. The MT fractions contained 80–89% cytosolic Cd
in the liver and 55–75% Cd in the kidneys. Zn concentrations in the liver increased following Cd administration, But Zn in
the kidneys showed only slight increase. There was a distinct decrease of Cu concentration in the liver of the 3.0 mg group.
In contrast, Cu concentrations in the kidneys increased about three times in the .8 and 1.5 mg Cd groups, but Cu in the 3.0
mg group showed only 1.5 times increase. The changes of these metal concentrations were observed mainly in the cytosol. Non-MT-Cd
in the kidneys was maximum in the 1.5 mg group, but the 3.0 mg group showed significant decrease. In parallel with this decrease
of Cd, Cu and Zn in the kidneys showed similar decrease. When the kidneys are injured, Zn and Cu appear to leak from this
organ. 相似文献
10.
Katarina Dobrovoljc Ingrid Falnoga Magda Tu?ek ?nidari? Darja Mazej Janez ??an?ar Boris Bulog 《Biological trace element research》2012,150(1-3):178-194
The accumulation of cadmium, its affinity for metallothioneins (MTs), and its relation to copper, zinc, and selenium were investigated in the experimental mudpuppy Necturus maculosus and the common toad Bufo bufo captured in nature. Specimens of N. maculosus were exposed to waterborne Cd (85???g/L) for up to 40?days. Exposure resulted in tissue-dependent accumulation of Cd in the order kidney, gills > intestine, liver, brain > pancreas, skin, spleen, and gonads. During the 40-day exposure, concentrations increased close to 1???g/g in kidneys and gills (0.64?C0.95 and 0.52?C0.76; n?=?4), whereas the levels stayed below 0.5 in liver (0.14?C0.29; n?=?4) and other organs. Cd exposure was accompanied by an increase of Zn and Cu in kidneys and Zn in skin, while a decrease of Cu was observed in muscles and skin. Cytosol metallothioneins (MTs) were detected as Cu,Zn?Cthioneins in liver and Zn,Cu?Cthioneins in gills and kidney, with the presence of Se in all cases. After exposure, Cd binding to MTs was clearly observed in cytosol of gills as Zn,Cu,Cd?Cthionein and in pellet extract of kidneys as Zn,Cu,Cd?Cthioneins. The results indicate low Cd storage in liver with almost undetectable Cd in liver MT fractions. In field trapped Bufo bufo (spring and autumn animals), Cd levels were followed in four organs and found to be in the order kidney > liver (0.56?C5.0???g/g >0.03?C0.72???g/g; n?=?11, spring and autumn animals), with no detectable Cd in muscle and skin. At the tissue level, high positive correlations between Cd, Cu, and Se were found in liver (all r?>?0.80; ???=?0.05, n?=?5), and between Cd and Se in kidney (r?=?0.76; n?=?5) of autumn animals, possibly connected with the storage of excess elements in biologically inert forms. In the liver of spring animals, having higher tissue level of Cd than autumn ones, part of the Cd was identified as Cu,Zn,Cd?Cthioneins with traces of Se. As both species are special in having liver Cu levels higher than Zn, the observed highly preferential Cd load in kidney seems reasonable. The relatively low Cd found in liver can be attributed to its excretion through bile and its inability to displace Cu from MTs. The associations of selenium observed with Cd and/or Cu (on the tissue and cell level) point to selenium involvement in the detoxification of excessive cadmium and copper through immobilization. 相似文献
11.
Löpez-Alonso M Miranda M García-Partida P Mendez A Castillo C Benedito JL 《Biological trace element research》2007,116(2):185-202
The aim of this study was to provide data on the main toxic and trace metals in the liver and kidney of domestic dogs in Galicia,
NW Spain and to evaluate the influence of diet, sex, age, and pathological lesions on metal accumulation. Samples of the liver
and kidney from 77 male and female dogs, aged between 6 mo and 18 yr, were collected during ordinary necropsy. Samples were
acid-digested and metal concentrations determined by inductively coupled plasma (ICP)-mass spectrometry and ICP-atomic emission
spectrometry. Mean toxic metal concentrations (geometric means for liver and kidney respectively) were 11.5 and 15.8 μg/kg
wet weight for As, 56.3 and 166 μg/kg for Cd, 32.7 and 51.9 μg/kg for Hg, and 60.1 and 23.6 μg/kg for Pb. For the trace metals,
these concentrations were respectively 16.3 and 21.0 μg/kg for Co, 57.6 and 43.9 μg/kg for Cr, 42.1 and 5.95 mg/kg for Cu,
394 mg/kg and 95.7 mg/kg for Fe, 2.39 and 0.956 mg/kg for Mn, 0.522 and 0.357 mg/kg for Mo, 23.8 and 26.8 μg/kg for Ni, 0.686
and 1.39 mg/kg for Se, and 46.7 and 26.0 mg/kg for Zn. Cd concentrations in the kidney significantly increased with age, and
Co concentrations in the liver and kidney significantly decreased with age. Hepatic Pb concentrations were significantly higher
in growing (<1 yr) and old (>10 yr) dogs. Animals with pathological lesions showed significantly higher Co and lower Mn and
Zn concentrations in liver than animals with-out macroscopic abnormalities. Dogs that received commercial diets in general
showed low variability in hepatic mineral status compared to animals that receive homemade feeds or a mixture of commercial
and homemade feeds. 相似文献
12.
Marijić VF Raspor B 《Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Toxicology & pharmacology : CBP》2006,143(4):382-387
The levels of metallothionein (MT), a biomarker of metal exposure, and of cytosolic metals (Zn, Cu, Cd), known as MT inducers, were investigated as variables of age (1 to 8 years) and tissue mass (liver, kidney, brain) of red mullet (Mullus barbatus). Within the age from 1 to 8 years the most significant increase is evident for cytosolic Cd in liver (43-fold) and in kidney (5-fold). MT and essential metals are constant with age or slightly increased. Over the growth period, statistically significant MT and metal increase is evident only between 1 and 6-8 years old specimens, while for Cd in liver and kidney cytosol significant increase already exists at 4 years old specimens. Metal distribution in all tissues follows the order: Zn>Cu>Cd, with even 500-800 times lower Cd levels than essential metal levels. Consequently, MTs follow the levels of essential metals, Zn and Cu, indicating MT involvement in homeostasis of essential metals. In contrast to kidney and brain, hepatic MT levels are not age-dependent. Inclusion of hepatic MT measurements and the associated cytosolic metals will be useful in the assessment of long-term metal effects in demersal fish M. barbatus. 相似文献
13.
This article is based on data on the levels of metals (Cd, Zn, Cu) and metallothionein (MT) determined radiochemically with203Hg in renal cortex and liver of 137 autopsy cases. From this number, for 23 cases, the gel filtration of the cytoplasmic fraction
of the organs was performed.
The molar content of metals in the MT fraction (Sephadex G-50) amounted to 46.9, 50.2, and 2.0% for Cd, Zn, and Cu in renal
cortex, respectively, and to 8.3, 83.6, and 9.1% for Cd, Zn, and Cu in the liver, respectively. In parallel with the increase
of Cd and MT in renal cortex, increasing saturation was found of the MT fraction by Cd, occurring at the expense of Zn and
Cu. Equimolar amounts of Cd and Zn in the MT fraction are found at Cd level of 0.5 μmol Cd/g wet wt of renal cortex. In the
liver, analogous dependency (elevation of %Zn, depression of %Cd and %Cu) were observed in relation to Zn and MT levels in
this organ.
The basic level of Zn (not bound with MT) was estimated at 0.5 μmol/g for both renal cortex and liver. A deficit of non-MT
Zn in kidneys is proposed as an alternative mechanism of toxic Cd action. 相似文献
14.
Thyroid hormones are involved in copper and zinc distribution in rat tissues. We examined the influence of thyroparathyroidectomy
(TPTY) and of a replacement therapy by T4 on Cu and Zn organ distribution. MT levels were also measured both in basal conditions
and after induction by cadmium. The results confirm that a lack of T4 modified Cu and Zn in serum and tissues. In serum, TPTY
increased Cu (+15%) and ceruloplasmin (+18%), and decreased Zn (−18%). In tissues, Cu was altered in liver (+13%), kidney
(−24%), heart (−16%) duodenum (−18%), and Zn in liver (+25%) and kidney (−10%). The soluble fractions (100,000 g supernatant)
were mainly affected in liver and kidney, and the subcellular fractions in heart and duodenum. MT levels were modified in
basal conditions only in liver (+57%) and kidney (−36%). T4 administration partially prevented the effect of TPTY on both
elements and MT concentrations. Therefore, no evidence is provided for a direct role of T4 in the metabolism of MT in a way
comparable to the effects of glucocorticoids. However, MT could mediate the consequences of TPTY on metal distribution in
certain organs, such as liver and kidney. 相似文献
15.
The purpose of this paper is to show the interactions of Cd and Zn in the freshwater crab Sinopotamon henanense through metallothionein (MT) and malondialdehyde (MDA) level measurements. Laboratory acclimated S.henanense were exposed to Cd (50 µg/L, 100 µg/L, 500 µg/L ), and Zn (100 µg/L, 1000 µg/L) alone and in combined treatments (100 µg/L Zn+50 µg/L Cd, 100 µg/L Zn+100 µg/L Cd, 100 µg/L Zn+500 µg/L Cd, 1000 µg/L Zn+50 µg/L Cd, 1000 µg/L Zn+100 µg/L Cd, 1000 µg/L Zn+500 µg/L Cd) for 7, 14, 21, 28, 35 days. The results demonstrated that the MDA contents increased with exposure time and dose and showed time- and dose-dependence in both gills and hepatopancreas of S.henanense after single Cd exposure, while the changes of MDA levels were not significant with single Zn exposure. The MDA levels decreased when the crabs were exposed to metal mixtures compared to Cd exposure alone, indicating that Zn mediated the cellular toxicity of Cd. MT contents increased after single Cd exposure and also showed a time- and dose-dependence, in a tissue-specific way. Zn showed a limited ability of MT induction both in gills and hepatopancreas of S.henanense. The MT contents represented not a simple addition of single metal exposures but were enhanced at a higher concentration of Zn combined with different Cd concentrations compared to single metal exposure. Whether MT can be used as a biomarker for complex field conditions need to be considered cautiously since different induction patterns of MT were found among single Zn, Cd and combined groups. It is suggested that several biomarkers together as a suite should be used in the monitoring of heavy metal pollution in the aquatic environment. 相似文献
16.
The tissues of willow ptarmigan in some Norwegian mountain areas contain elevated concentrations of cadmium (Cd). It is not
known whether such high Cd levels would have negative impacts in otherwise healthy populations of this species. The aim of
the current study was to clarify relationships between hepatic and renal metallothionein (MT) and Cd concentrations in willow
ptarmigan to assess effects from this metal. The study reported here was undertaken on willow ptarmigan from the Kongsvoll
area, with a naturally high Cd load, and the Essand area, with a naturally low Cd load. Cd values in liver and kidney in willow
ptarmigan from Kongsvoll were significantly higher than in willow ptarmigan from Essand. The MT content in both tissues was
also highest in willow ptarmigan from Kongsvoll. The MT concentration in kidney was twice that in liver for ptarmigan from
both areas and at all times of the year. The MT level in both liver and kidney varied greatly throughout the season, with
the highest content in spring (May). The variation was greatest in liver. The total material showed a significant linear relationship
between Cd and MT levels in both liver and kidney, but a breakdown of the material into seasons and areas gave a varying degree
of significance. MT in willow ptarmigan may be an important mechanism for detoxifying Cd, and populations exposed to high
load may “respond” to the loads by increasing MT synthesis in tissues such as liver and kidney. There is no evidence that
willow ptarmigan from areas with high natural Cd loads have reached a limit for MT synthesis in either liver or kidney. 相似文献
17.
Magali Lucia Jean-Marc Andre Patrice Gonzalez Magalie Baudrimont Karine Gontier Regine Maury-Brachet Stephane Davail 《Biometals》2009,22(5):843-853
The impact on palmiped Cairina moschata of two levels of dietary cadmium (Cd) contamination (C1: 1 mg kg−1 and C10: 10 mg kg−1) was investigated on liver gene expression by real-time PCR. Genes involved in mitochondrial metabolism, in antioxidant defences,
detoxification and in DNA damage repair were studied. Metallothionein (MT) protein levels and Cd bioaccumulation were also
investigated in liver, kidneys and muscle. Male ducks were subjected to three periods of exposure: 10, 20 and 40 days. Cd
was mainly bioaccumulated in kidneys first and in liver. The concentrations in liver and kidneys appeared to reach a stable
level at 20 days of contamination even if the concentrations in muscle still increased. Cd triggered the enhancement of mitochondrial
metabolism, the establishment of antioxidant defences (superoxide dismutase Mn and Cu/Zn; catalase) and of DNA repair from
20 days of contamination. Discrepancies were observed in liver between MT protein levels and MT gene up-regulation. MT gene
expression appeared to be a late hour biomarker. 相似文献
18.
Qaisara Pasha Salman A. Malik Nazia Shaheen Munir H. Shah 《Biological trace element research》2010,134(2):160-173
Trace elements including Al, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, Pb, Sb, Sr, and Zn were analyzed in the scalp hair
samples of women with malignant breast lesions, women with benign breast lesions, and healthy donors using atomic absorption
spectrophotometric method. In the scalp hair of malignant-tumor patients, the highest average concentration was shown by Ca
(1,187 μg/g), followed by Na (655 μg/g), Mg (478 μg/g), Zn (391 μg/g), Sr (152 μg/g), Fe (114 μg/g), and K (89.8), while in
the case of benign-tumor patients, the average estimated element levels were 1,522, 1,093, 572, 457, 217, 80.4, and 74.7 μg/g,
respectively. Most of the elements exhibited non-normal distribution evidenced by large spread, standard error, and skewness
values. Mean concentrations of Ca (634 μg/g), Zn (206 μg/g), Mg (162 μg/g), Fe (129 μg/g), and Na (82.1 μg/g) were noteworthy
in the scalp hair of healthy women. Average levels of Na, Sr, K, Cd, Co, Pb, Mg, Ca, Zn, Ni, Sb, and Mn were revealed to be
significantly higher in the hair of malignant and benign patients compared to the healthy women; however, Fe, Cu, Al, and
Cr were not significantly different in the scalp hair of the three groups. The quartile distributions of Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, K,
Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, Pb, Sb, and Sr revealed maximum spread in the scalp hair of malignant and benign groups; nevertheless, Al,
Cu, Fe, and Zn exhibited almost comparable quartile levels in the three groups. Strong correlation coefficients were found
between Fe and Cd, Al and Na, Mn and Sr, Co and Cr, Cd and Cr, Pb and K, Pb and Mn, Cu and Na, and Al and Fe in the scalp
hair of malignant-tumor patients, while Fe and K, Cd and Co, Na and Co, and Cr and Pb showed strong correlations in the scalp
hair of benign-tumor patients, both of which were significantly different compared with the healthy subjects. Multivariate
cluster analysis also revealed divergent clustering of the elements in the scalp hair of malignant and benign patients in
comparison with the healthy women. 相似文献
19.
Dušica Ivanković Jasenka Pavičić Sonja Kozar Biserka Raspor 《Helgoland Marine Research》2002,56(2):95-101
Polymorphism of metallothioneins in the digestive gland of naturally occurring (control) and experimentally Cd-exposed mussels
Mytilus galloprovincialis (200 μg Cd l–1; 14 days) was studied by applying the conventional methods of Sephadex column liquid chromatography (G-75 and DEAE A-25),
and by an electrochemical method (DPASV) for determination of Cd, Zn and Cu concentrations in chromatographic fractions. In
both control and Cd-exposed mussels, two distinct molecular mass components of the metallothioneins, monomeric (MT-10) and
dimeric (MT-20), were resolved by Sephadex G-75 gel filtration chromatography. In control mussels, the MT-10 component was
predominantly expressed as containing markedly higher constitutive levels of Zn (100×) and Cu (10×) than of Cd. Each of these
two molecular mass components was further resolved into seven metal-rich peaks by anion-exchange chromatography. In Cd-exposed
mussels the larger proportion of Cd was bound to the MT-20 than to the MT-10 component, suggesting that the dimeric component
may be considered as a primarily inducible metallothionein. The elution positions of metal-binding maxima of Cd-exposed and
control mussels on the respective DEAE chromatographic profiles were comparable. A great similarity in elution positions of
Cd maxima between the composite and single-specimen samples was also observed. Our study confirms a high multiplicity of MT
forms in mussels from the Mytilus genus not only under the laboratory high-level metal exposure conditions, but also at a natural seawater metal exposure level.
The ecotoxicological significance of dimeric and monomeric MT forms, as well as their possible application in the biomonitoring
of seawater for trace metals, has been considered.
Electronic Publication 相似文献
20.
P. Irato G. C. Sturniolo G. Giacon A. Magro R. D’Inca C. Mestriner V. Albergoni 《Biological trace element research》1996,51(1):87-96
The present study was designed to investigate the effects of Zn administration on metallothionein concentrations in the liver,
kidney, and intestine of copper-loaded rats. Male CD rats were fed a diet containing 12 mg Cu and 67 mg Zn/kg body wt. They
were divided into either acute or chronic experimental protocols. Rats undergoing acute experiments received daily ip injections
of either Cu (3 mg/kg body wt) or Zn (10 mg/kg body wt) for 3 d. Chronic experiments were carried out on rats receiving Cu
ip injections on d 1, 2, 3, 10, 17, and 24, Cu injections plus a Zn-supplemented diet containing 5 g Zn/kg solid diet, or
a Zn-supplemented diet alone. Rats injected Zn or Cu had increased MT concentrations in liver and kidney. Zn produced the
most important effects and the liver was the most responsive organ. Rats fed a Zn-supplemented diet had significantly higher
MT concentrations in liver and intestine with respect to controls. Increased MT synthesis in the liver may contribute to copper
detoxification; the hypothesis of copper entrapment in enterocytes cannot be confirmed. 相似文献