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p53是一种广谱的肿瘤抑制基因,其新家族成员p51具有同p53相似的DNA结合特笥和相似的功能,同样可以转录激活p53基因的内源性靶分子,如细胞周期抑制基因p21、导致细胞凋亡和生长受抑。本文阐述了它的研究进展。 相似文献
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人们通常用经典的操作式学习方法来训练动物的行为 ,使动物学会根据外部信号 (如声音 )产生特定的行为反应 ,以获取奖赏 (如食物 )。而本文的作者用脑内植入微电极进行脑区刺激的方法教会动物如何学习 ,可以去除用来产生信号和奖赏的外部环境对实验的限制。这一动物模型使操作者能远距离地指挥动物的行为 ,很像控制智能机器人的方法。电刺激能否产生等同于信号或奖赏的效应 ,取决于它所刺激的脑区。作者在自由活动大鼠的躯体感觉皮层 (SI)左右两侧胡须代表区和内侧前脑束 (MFB)内植入电极加以刺激 ,以产生信号和奖赏效应 ,据此准确地指… 相似文献
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低剂量顺铂可通过诱导p21与p16表达而诱导肿瘤细胞早衰,但其机制不明。本研究探讨了低剂量顺铂诱导的HeLa细胞衰老过程中p21与p16的上调机制。低剂量顺铂(4 μmol/L)处理HeLa细胞后,DNA甲基转移酶DNMT1蛋白水平降低;p21与p16启动子甲基化水平降低,二者mRNA及蛋白质水平升高;顺铂对DNMT1蛋白水平的降低作用与其激活p38MAPK有关,用SB203580抑制p38MAPK可部分逆转顺铂对DNMT1蛋白水平以及p21与p16启动子甲基化的降低作用,从而部分逆转顺铂对p21与p16表达的诱导;抑制p38MAPK 也可部分逆转低剂量顺铂诱导的HeLa细胞早衰。上述结果表明,低剂量顺铂可通过p38MAPK信号通路下调p21与p16启动子甲基化水平,进而上调二者的表达。这些结果为解析低剂量顺铂诱导肿瘤细胞早衰的信号转导机制提供了实验依据。 相似文献
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《Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.)》2013,12(6):391-393
By causing cytoplasmic mislocation of p27 and p21, the Akt oncogenic kinase functionally inactivates these nuclear tumor suppressor proteins. Is cytoplasmic localization of p27 and p21 simply equivalent to loss of their function or are new functions acquired in the cytoplasm? Indeed, several lines of evidence suggest that cytoplasmic p27 and p21 may be oncoproteins with antiapoptotic activities. 相似文献
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E. Yunis José González Ruth Zuñiga Olga M. Torres de Caballero Alberto Mondragon 《Human genetics》1979,48(2):241-244
Summary A malformed male newborn was first diagnosed as having Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome. Extensive cytogenetic studies, including Q, G, C, R and T banding and BudR treatment, were applied, finally leading the authors to conclude that the patient had a partial 2p trisomy caused by direct duplication 2p142p23. This was a de novo chromosome abnormality, as both parents had normal karyotypes. 相似文献
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Blagosklonny MV 《Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.)》2002,1(6):391-393
By causing cytoplasmic mislocation of p27 and p21, the Akt oncogenic kinase functionally inactivates these nuclear tumor suppressor proteins. Is cytoplasmic localization of p27 and p21 simply equivalent to loss of their function or are new functions acquired in the cytoplasm? Indeed, several lines of evidence suggest that cytoplasmic p27 and p21 may be oncoproteins with antiapoptotic activities. 相似文献
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《生物化学与生物物理学报:癌评论》2001,1552(2):47-59
p53 controls crucial stress responses that play a major role in preventing malignant transformation. Hence, inactivation of p53 is the single most common genetic defect in human cancer. With the recent discovery of two close structural homologs, p63 en p73, we are getting a broader view of a fascinating gene family that links developmental biology with tumor biology. While unique roles are apparent for each of these genes, intimate biochemical cross-talk among family members suggests a functional network that might influence many different aspects of individual gene action. The most interesting part of this family network derives from the fact that the p63 and p73 genes are based on the ‘two-genes-in-one’ idea, encoding both agonist and antagonist in the same open reading frame. In this review, we attempt to present an overview of the current status of this fast moving field. 相似文献
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为探讨p53、p63在SD大鼠隐睾中的表达及其在隐睾所致生精障碍过程中的可能作用,本实验将30只健康雄性SD大鼠(40 dayold)随机分为隐睾组和假手术组,建立单侧隐睾模型。术后7d脱颈椎处死大鼠,留取各组大鼠双侧睾丸称湿重,常规组织学切片观察各组睾丸生精上皮形态,Western blot和免疫组织化学分别检测p53、p63蛋白表达的变化。 相似文献
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Aerobacter aerogenes and Bacillus subtilis accumulated p, p'-DDT and methoxychlor directly from water. Uptake of both (14)C-labeled organochlorine insecticides was rapid; 80 to 90% of the 24-h residues were reached within 30 min. Total cellular residues varied linearly with concentrations of DDT and methoxychlor in water ranging from 0.5 to 5.0 mug/liter. The residue magnification factors from water were between 1,400- to 4,300-fold, but were independent of insecticide concentrations in water. When the insecticide-exposed microbial cells were washed with pesticide-free water, DDT residues were 45% in A. aerogenes and 30% in B. subtilis, whereas the methoxychlor level decreased nearly 75% in both organisms. Subsequent washing did not further reduce the insecticide residue. Autoclave-killed bacteria also rapidly adsorbed DDT and methoxychlor from water and, in some instances, residues were higher than in the living cells. Molecular polarity and lipid solubility appear to influence the retention of the organochlorine insecticides by bacterial cells. 相似文献
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目的:探讨miR-155对前列腺癌细胞周期的影响及其分子机制。方法:通过转染anti-miR-155抑制前列腺癌DU145和PC-3细胞中miR-155水平后,采用流式细胞术观察细胞周期的变化,western blot和RT-PCR观察p53和p21蛋白及CDK2和cyclin蛋白和m RNA表达的变化。结果:与对照组相比,DU145和PC-3细胞转染anti-miR-155后,G2/M期细胞阻滞,S期细胞数比例显著增加(P0.05),p53和p21蛋白和m RNA表达水平显著增加(P0.01),CDK2和cyclin E蛋白和m RNA表达均显著降低(P0.01)。结论:miR-155可影响人前列腺癌细胞的周期,可能与其调节p53、p21及其下游的CDK2和cyclin E的表达相关。 相似文献
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突变体p53研究进展 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
抑癌基因突变是癌症发生过程中一个极为关键的事件。p53作为体内最重要的抑癌基因之一, 在人类癌症中发生突变的频率高达50%。同时, p53突变也是人类遗传病Li-Fraumeni综合征的主要病因。p53最常见的突变形式是错义突变, 所形成的突变体p53不但失去了野生型p53的抑癌功能, 而且还获得了一系列类似于癌基因的功能, 促进了肿瘤的进程。文章拟对突变体p53的结构功能改变, 获得癌基因活性的分子机制, 以及近年来对封闭突变体p53活性所进行的探索等研究方向所取得的进展做一综述。 相似文献
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Mar?al Vilar Tsung-Chang Sung Zhijiang Chen Irmina García-Carpio Eva M. Fernandez Jiqing Xu Roland Riek Kuo-Fen Lee 《PLoS biology》2014,12(8)
The p75 neurotrophin receptor, a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, is required as a co-receptor for the Nogo receptor (NgR) to mediate the activity of myelin-associated inhibitors such as Nogo, MAG, and OMgp. p45/NRH2/PLAIDD is a p75 homologue and contains a death domain (DD). Here we report that p45 markedly interferes with the function of p75 as a co-receptor for NgR. P45 forms heterodimers with p75 and thereby blocks RhoA activation and inhibition of neurite outgrowth induced by myelin-associated inhibitors. p45 binds p75 through both its transmembrane (TM) domain and DD. To understand the underlying mechanisms, we have determined the three-dimensional NMR solution structure of the intracellular domain of p45 and characterized its interaction with p75. We have identified the residues involved in such interaction by NMR and co-immunoprecipitation. The DD of p45 binds the DD of p75 by electrostatic interactions. In addition, previous reports suggested that Cys257 in the p75 TM domain is required for signaling. We found that the interaction of the cysteine 58 of p45 with the cysteine 257 of p75 within the TM domain is necessary for p45–p75 heterodimerization. These results suggest a mechanism involving both the TM domain and the DD of p45 to regulate p75-mediated signaling. 相似文献