艾叶提取物的杀菌效果

采用悬液定量杀菌试验,对艾叶提取物的杀菌效果进行实验室研究。研究发现,艾叶提取物对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠埃希菌、枯草芽胞杆菌、白假丝酵母菌和黑曲霉均具有明显的杀菌作用。通过模拟现场试验,艾叶提取物有显著的杀菌效果。     

苯扎溴铵与艾叶水提物的协同杀菌效果

采用悬液定量杀菌试验,对苯扎溴铵与艾叶水提物的协同杀菌效果进行了实验室研究。研究发现,0.1%苯扎溴铵与艾叶水提物混合溶液对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠埃希菌、枯草芽胞杆菌、白假丝酵母菌和黑曲霉均呈现出显著的协同杀菌作用。结果表明,苯扎溴铵与艾叶水提物具有良好的协同杀菌效果。     

醋酸氯己定的杀菌效果

采用悬液定量杀菌试验,对醋酸氯己定的杀菌效果进行实验室研究。研究发现,0.1%醋酸氯己定对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠埃希菌、枯草芽胞杆菌、白假丝酵母菌和黑曲霉均具有明显的杀菌作用。通过模拟现场试验,醋酸氯己定起到了显著的杀菌效果。     

洗必泰与新洁尔灭的协同杀菌效果

采用悬液定量杀菌试验,以协同系数T/E值作为评价指标,对洗必泰与新洁尔灭的协同杀菌效果进行了实验室研究。发现0.1%洗必泰与0.1%新洁尔灭协同作用2 min,对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠埃希菌和白色念珠菌均起到了显著协同杀菌效果。     

醋酸氯己定与乙醇的协同杀菌效果

采用悬液定量杀菌试验,对醋酸氯己定与乙醇的协同杀菌效果进行了实验室研究。研究发现,0.1%醋酸氯己定与75%乙醇混合溶液对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠埃希菌、白假丝酵母菌和黑曲霉均呈现出显著的协同杀菌作用。结果表明,醋酸氯己定与乙醇具有良好的协同杀菌效果。     

蛋黄液辐照杀菌技术研究

通过测定液蛋黄的酸价、过氧化值和TBA值,研究辐照剂量对蛋黄液氧化和杀菌效果的影响.结果表明,蛋黄液经辐照后,蛋黄液中脂肪氧化程度随着剂量增大而增加.0.4 kGy能够完全杀灭微生物,且感官指标不发生变化.     

清清爽牌湿巾的杀菌效果

采用载体定量杀菌试验,对清清爽牌湿巾的杀菌消毒效果进行了实验室研究。发现清清爽牌湿巾对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠埃希菌和白假丝酵母菌作用2 min,杀菌率分别达到99.98%、99.76%和99.20%。模拟现场试验,清清爽牌湿巾对手自然菌杀菌率达到99.99%,起到了显著地杀菌消毒效果。     

茵陈水提液的体外抗氧化活性

在．ＯＨ、Ｏ２和Ｈ２Ｏ２的产生和检测系统以及兔脑和肝组织匀浆中,加入一定量的茵陈（Ａｒｔｉｍｉｓｉａ ｃａｐｉｌｌａｒｉｓ Ｔｈｕｎｂ）,水提液,观察其与活性氧引发反应的竞争效应。结果表明,茵陈水提液降低．ＯＨ作用下的水杨酸羟基化作用及Ｏ２介导的氮兰四唑（ＮＢＴ）光化学还原,而对Ｈ２Ｏ２驱动的过氧化物－１太复合物的形成没有影响;显著抑制兔脑和肝组织匀浆的脂质过氧化作用。提示茵陈水提液具有显著的抗尖     

酵母菌杀菌系统的杀菌活性

探讨酵母菌杀菌系统（即３０株杀菌酵母菌）对３８株真菌或细菌的杀菌活性。结果显示杀菌酵母菌不仅对念珠菌、新型隐球菌和烟曲霉菌等真菌有杀菌活性,而且对其不相关的葡萄球菌、肠杆菌科、绿脓杆菌、不动杆菌和副溶血性弧菌也有杀菌活性,提示该系统具有广泛的杀菌活性,特别是Ｋ３６。     

灵芝转化苦参水提物的3个新生成分体外抗乙型肝炎病毒作用

先在基础培养基中添加苦参水煎汁,然后培养灵芝,得到灵芝培养液,再按乙醇氯仿-5%碳酸氢钠溶液-氯仿的顺序提取培养液中的有机酸成分,用制备高效液相色谱分离,得到6个新组分,用这些组分分别作用于转染了乙型肝炎病毒DNA的2.2.15细胞,用固相放射免疫法测定细胞培养上清液中的乙肝病毒表面抗原(HBsAg)和e抗原(HBeAg)的含量,用四甲基偶氮唑盐(MTT)法测定细胞的存活率。结果表明,其中的3个组分对2.2.15细胞分泌HBsAg和HBeAg有抑制作用,提示可能具有抗乙肝病毒的作用。     

Kurarinol, tyrosinase inhibitor isolated from the root of Sophora flavescens

It is well known that flavanones, sophoraflavanone G 1, kurarinone 2, and kurarinol 3, from the root of Sophora flavescens, have extremely strong tyrosinase inhibitory activity. This study delineates the principal pharmacological features of kurarinol 3 that lead to inhibition of the oxidation of l-tyrosine to melanin by mushroom tyrosinase (IC₅₀ of 100 nM). The inhibition kinetics analyses unveil that compounds 1 and 2 are noncompetitive inhibitors. However similar analysis shows kurarinol 3 to be a competitive inhibitor. Compounds 1 and 2 exhibited potent antibacterial activity with 10 μg/disk against Gram-positive bacteria, whereas kurarinol 3 did not ostend any antibacterial activity. Interestingly, kurarinol 3 inhibits production of melanin in S. bikiniensis without affecting the growth of microorganism. It is thus distinctly different from the other tyrosinase inhibitors 1 and 2. In addition, kurarinol 3 manifests relatively low cytotoxic activity (EC₅₀>30 μM) compared to 1 and 2. To account for these observations, we conducted molecular modeling studies. These suggested that the lavandulyl group within 3 is instrumental in the interaction with the enzyme. More specifically, the terminal hydroxy function within the lavandulyl group is most important for optimal binding.     

气候变化条件下苦参在我国潜在分布区的预测分析

为了解气候变化情景下苦参在中国的潜在分布区变化,探讨生物气候因子与苦参适宜分布格局的关系.该文通过收集苦参的地理分布点并结合19项生态因子,运用最大熵模型(MaxEnt)和地理信息系统(ArcGIS)对末次盛冰期、当前气候、未来气候三种气候情景下苦参在我国适生区的分布格局进行模拟,并分析影响苦参生长的主导生态因子.结果...     

乡土植物白刺花对紫茎泽兰化感作用的响应

为了解乡土植物白刺花对紫茎泽兰化感作用的耐受程度及抵御机理,以2—3年生紫茎泽兰叶片为供体材料,用不同浓度的紫茎泽兰叶片浸提液处理白刺花种子及幼苗。结果表明:紫茎泽兰叶片浸提液对白刺花的影响为低浓度促进,高浓度抑制。当浓度为0.5%时促进效应最强,当浓度大于2.0%时抑制效应明显增加。白刺花种子萌发速率比萌发率对紫茎泽兰化感作用反应敏感,胚轴比胚根敏感,随着幼苗的生长,其抵御紫茎泽兰化感作用的能力逐渐增强,丙二醛的含量与植株生长响应规律相对应,并且经紫茎泽兰浸提液处理能极大的增加白刺花幼苗菌根率,缩短菌根形成的时间。     

Neuroprotective effects of an alkaloid-free ethyl acetate extract from the root of Sophora flavescens Ait. Against focal cerebral ischemia in rats

Large amounts of brain nitric oxide are produced over several hours after a stroke. This probably causes DNA strand nicks, nitration of cytosolic components of neurons, and ultimately neuronal death. Oxymatrine and matrine are two major alkaloids of the Chinese herb Sophora flavescens Ait. (Leguminosae); they have been demonstrated to inhibit liver injury during warm ischemia and reperfusion and to induce apoptosis, respectively, in vivo and in vitro. However, the neuroprotective efficacy of the EtOAc extract of S. flavescens (ESF) without the alkaloids has not been explored. This study investigated the inhibitory efficacy of ESF, which contain two major flavonoids kurarinone (45.5%) and sophoraflavone G (14.7%), in focal cerebral ischemia. Focal cerebral ischemia was induced using the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) method. After 1.5 h of MCAO and 24 h of reperfusion, the extent of neurological deficits and the infarct volume were measured in Sprague-Dawley rats. Compared with carnosine (50 mg/kg), as positive control ESF (20 mg/kg) significantly reduced infarct volume and neurological deficits. Treatment of human SH-SY5Y cells with sodium nitroprusside (SNP), a nitric oxide donor, decreased cell viability by causing apoptosis-like cell death. ESF significantly inhibited caspase-3-like enzyme activity and DNA fragmentation. The level of active caspase-3 was maximal 6 h after SNP treatment. However, active caspase-3 and apoptosis were dose-dependently inhibited by ESF treatment. Flow cytometry analysis showed that ESF significantly inhibited cell apoptosis (p<0.05) and reduced the apoptotic index by 79.9% (p<0.01). These results indicate that ESF is neuroprotective in focal cerebral ischemia and the flavonoids in ESF might be responsible for its neuroprotective activity in rats, alone or in part.     

苦豆子和披针叶黄华种子硬实特性与活力关系研究

以苦豆子和披针叶黄华种子为实验材料,在恒温25℃下吸胀,每24h取出吸胀种子,10d后未吸胀的种子为硬实种子(H),硬实种子用硫酸处理后恒温吸胀24h,与非硬实种子进行发芽试验和各项活力指标测定。结果显示:(1)每日内吸胀的种子数量随时间推移以一定比列下降,苦豆子非硬实种子吸胀速率较缓慢,第10天后吸胀率降到1%,披针叶黄华非硬实种子第3天后下降到1%,第9、10天突然上升后又下降到1%。(2)两种豆类种子都显示出硬实种子发芽率、发芽指数、活力指数、脱氢酶、呼吸速率、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)均高于非硬实种子,而电导率、浸出液可溶性糖和丙二醛(MDA)均低于非硬实种子,缓慢吸胀的硬实种子活力指标高于快速吸胀的硬实种子。研究表明,硬实种子活力高于非硬实种子,硬实种子吸胀过程中存在吸胀损伤。而在非硬实种子中,根据以上活力指标判断,晚吸胀的种子比早吸胀的种子活力高。