准噶尔小胸鳖甲短时低温胁迫响应的转录组分析

【目的】拟步甲科昆虫小胸鳖甲Microdera punctipennis是分布于中国新疆古尔班通古特沙漠的特有物种,具有很强的耐寒性,但其低温响应的分子机制尚不明确。本研究旨在利用转录组测序技术丰富小胸鳖甲的已知基因信息,分析在短时低温胁迫下,上调表达基因的主要类群及参与的主要代谢通路。【方法】利用Trinity软件对分别在4℃低温和25℃(对照)下处理3 h的小胸鳖甲成虫RNA-Seq数据进行从头组装,利用Blast2go软件进行基因注释。通过DESeq和GFOLD软件分析差异表达基因,并对上调表达基因进行GO(Gene Ontology)和KEGG(Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes)代谢途径富集分析。【结果】测序过滤后得到68 165 001个有效读序,51 712个平均长度为984 bp的非冗余基因,其中29 925个基因(约57.87%)有同源序列(E-value10-5),与拟步甲科的赤拟谷盗Tribolium castaneum相应基因相似性最高(核苷酸序列一致性为72.75%)。低温响应上调表达基因有514个,富集到35个GO类群,18个KEGG途径。其中胁迫响应类群、生物调节类群和免疫系统过程类群都占有重要比例,嘌呤代谢、硫胺素代谢、糖酵解/糖异生等代谢通路显著富集。在胁迫响应类群中,热激蛋白Hsp90基因、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)基因和钙联接蛋白Calnexin基因等8个非生物胁迫相关基因显著上调表达。【结论】荒漠昆虫小胸鳖甲低温转录组揭示,在4℃冷驯化过程中,代谢过程、胁迫响应、生物调节和免疫系统等生物学过程相关基因表达显著上调,其中几个非生物胁迫响应基因提示小胸鳖甲可能从分子伴侣、细胞周期阻滞、线粒体稳定性、抗氧化胁迫等多方面应对低温胁迫。KEGG富集分析所揭示的小胸鳖甲在低温下的转录组代谢通路与其他物种有较大差异。研究结果为后续生物信息学分析及小胸鳖甲耐寒关键基因的发掘及耐寒机制的揭示提供了基础数据。     

肺形侧耳低温胁迫时期的转录组分析

本文以肺形侧耳栽培菌株X57为研究对象,利用高通量RNA测序技术对4℃低温处理0h、6h和12h后的肺形侧耳进行基因表达分析来探讨肺形侧耳低温应答机制。分析结果筛选出低温处理6h差异表达基因742个,其中上调表达基因374个,下调表达基因368个;低温处理12h差异表达基因1 489个,其中上调表达基因占53%,下调表达基因占47%。Gene Ontology（GO）功能聚类分析表明,差异表达基因主要富集在结合、催化分子功能组和代谢过程、细胞过程生物学过程中。KEGG功能富集分析结果显示,差异基因主要富集在氨基酸、核糖体和类固醇生物合成,及氮类物质代谢的通路上,富集到与低温胁迫相关通路MAPK signaling pathway-yeast上的基因表达随低温处理时间的增加呈上调趋势。已报道HOG-MAPK通路是MAPK途径研究较为明确、信号传递单一的真菌低温胁迫中重要的通路,本文运用生物信息学软件构建肺形侧耳的HOG-MAPK通路,并利用荧光定量PCR对相关基因表达进行验证,结果显示以低温处理0h为参照,随着低温胁迫时间增加通路上大部分基因的表达量持续上升,且差异显著,与RNA‐Seq分析结果一致。本文通过全面分析肺形侧耳低温胁迫时期基因表达情况,为进一步研究肺形侧耳低温胁迫相关重要基因的功能鉴定与信号通路调控机理提供基础。     

荒漠昆虫小胸鳖甲Ras GTP酶激活蛋白基因 MpRasGAP 的克隆及低温表达分析

【目的】丝裂原活化蛋白激酶 (mitogen activated protein kinase, MAPK)级联是细胞的重要信息传递系统之一,Ras GTP酶激活蛋白（Ras GTPase-activating protein, RasGAP）基因 RasGAP 和c-Jun氨基末端激酶（c-Jun N-terminal kinase, JNK）基因 JNK 分别是MAPK信号转导途径的上、下游基因。本研究旨在确定荒漠昆虫小胸鳖甲 Microdera punctipennis RasGAP 及 JNK 基因对低温的响应情况。【方法】从荒漠甲虫小胸鳖甲中克隆获得 RasGAP 基因的cDNA序列,利用生物信息学分析软件分析其氨基酸序列并构建进化树,利用实时荧光定量PCR检测低温胁迫条件下 RasGAP 和 JNK 基因的表达情况。【结果】小胸鳖甲RasGAP cDNA的开放阅读框2 523 bp,命名为 MpRasGAP （GenBank登录号：KM677930）,编码840个氨基酸,分子量96.594 kDa,编码蛋白MpRasGAP属于RasGAP超家族。MpRasGAP与赤拟谷盗 Tribolium castaneum RasGAP的氨基酸序列一致性达89%。小胸鳖甲在4℃和-4℃低温胁迫1 h后,MpRasGAP 的mRNA水平都显著高于室温对照（25℃）。小胸鳖甲在4℃处理3 h或-4℃处理1 h后, MpJNK 的mRNA水平也显著升高。【结论】本研究结果表明小胸鳖甲MpRasGAP 和 MpJNK 的mRNA水平受低温诱导。研究结果有助于深入研究荒漠昆虫在低温下MAPK信号转导途径的作用机制。     

荒漠甲虫小胸鳖甲低温响应几丁质酶基因Mpcht19的克隆及表达模式分析

【目的】探索荒漠昆虫小胸鳖甲Microdera punctipennis低温响应的分子机理并挖掘其耐寒基因。【方法】根据低温转录组数据筛选并克隆小胸鳖甲几丁质酶基因,并进行生物信息学分析;通过实时荧光定量PCR和免疫组织化学法分析该基因在成虫不同组织中和4℃低温胁迫下的表达模式分析。【结果】从小胸鳖甲成虫克隆获得一个几丁质酶基因Mpcht19(Gen Bank登录号:KY126382)。生物信息学分析表明,该基因编码的蛋白Mp CHT19属于Ⅳ型昆虫几丁质酶,理论分子量约为27.18 k D,无信号肽,具亲水性。系统进化分析表明,Mp CHT19与赤拟谷盗Tribolium castaneumⅣ型几丁质酶Tc CHT19同源性最高,氨基酸序列一致性为34.05%。实时荧光定量PCR结果显示,Mpcht19在成虫脂肪体和后肠中高表达,具有组织特异性;该基因的表达还受4℃低温诱导。免疫组织化学分析结果显示,在4℃低温下Mp CHT19蛋白在脂肪体和后肠中表达。【结论】Mpcht19基因的表达具有组织特异性,并受低温诱导。研究结果有助于深入研究几丁质酶与小胸鳖甲耐寒性的关系。     

牦牛和雄性不育犏牛睾丸ERK1、ERK2、P38基因mRNA水平的比较

MAPK信号通路对哺乳动物的精子发生与凋亡有重要的调节作用,被认为是精子发生的重要决定因素之一。本研究通过比较MAPK信号通路中ERK1、ERK2、P38基因在牦牛及其杂交后代犏牛睾丸组织中的相对表达量,探索犏牛雄性不育的分子机制。实验从成年雄性牦牛(n=10)和犏牛(n=7)的睾丸组织中提取总RNA,采用实时荧光定量PCR技术检测牦牛和犏牛睾丸组织中ERK1、ERK2、P38基因mRNA水平。结果表明:牦牛睾丸中ERK1、ERK2基因的表达量极显著高于犏牛(P0.01),P38基因在牦牛和犏牛睾丸中均有表达,但差异无统计学意义。提示ERK1、ERK2基因作为MAPK信号通路的重要成员,可能与犏牛睾丸精子发生障碍有一定关联。     

MAPK信号通路基因在小鼠肝再生中的表达谱变化

为了分析丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases,MAPK)信号通路基因在肝再生中的表达图谱,以及探讨MAPK信号通路在肝再生中的作用,文章利用四氯化碳(Carbon Tetrachloride,CCl4)诱导的小鼠肝损伤再生模型对MAPK信号通路基因的表达进行检测.首先,采用CCl4腹腔注射的方法建立小鼠肝损伤再生模型,通过肝脏切片HE染色和测定血清中谷丙转氨酶活性确认模型的质量,然后,在注射CCl4后的第0、0.5、1.5、4.5、7 d分别采集小鼠肝脏样本,应用Affymetrix公司的小鼠基因表达芯片,检测MAPK信号通路中93个基因的差异表达图谱,并用荧光实时定量PCR法验证芯片检测的结果.结果表明,在芯片检测到的93个MAPK信号通路基因中,有31个在肝再生中有不同程度差异表达,且经荧光实时定量RT-PCR检测的结果与基因芯片的结果相符合.基因表达谱芯片技术可以筛选出肝再生中差异表达的基因,在小鼠肝再生中的第0.5和1.5 d,MAPK信号通路中表达水平上调的基因增多,而在第4.5和7 d,则表达水平下调的基因明显增多.这一结果表明MAPK信号通路对肝再生不同阶段的双重调控作用.     

IL-6通过MAPK/ERK信号通路调节BMSCs的软骨定向分化

白细胞介素-6（IL-6）是参与骨髓间充质干细胞（BMSCs）软骨定向分化的重要调节因子. MAPK/ERK信号通路可介导骨关节炎软骨损伤. 然而,IL-6调节BMSCs定向分化为软骨细胞的分子机制尚不清楚. IL-6通过激活MAPK/ERK信号途径,抑制BMSCs的成软骨分化. 本文发现,BMSCs在体外向软骨细胞分化时, Il-6基因表达水平显著下调,同时分泌到培养基中的IL-6蛋白水平亦明显降低. 重组IL-6可抑制BMSCs向软骨细胞分化,软骨分化标志蛋白Runx2和Sox9的诱导表达亦相应下调. IL-6可诱导MAPK/ERK信号通路活化,加入ERK特异性阻断剂后,Runx2和Sox9的诱导表达恢复正常.结果提示,IL-6通过激活MAPK/ERK信号通路抑制BMSCs的软骨细胞分化.炎症因子IL-6对软骨细胞的再生具有不利的影响,该研究为软骨组织工程研究和骨关节炎等软骨疾病的治疗提供有价值的参考.     

荒漠甲虫小胸鳖甲抗冻蛋白的酵母表达及应用

昆虫抗冻蛋白(Antifreeze protein,AFP)的抗冻活性很高,可应用于生物组织和细胞的低温保存。为了在酵母中表达荒漠甲虫小胸鳖甲Microdera punctipennis抗冻蛋白Mp AFP698,并确定其在低温下的保护作用,本文通过构建真核表达载体p PIC9K-Mpafp698,转化巴斯德毕赤酵母GS115,诱导表达小胸鳖甲抗冻蛋白Mp AFP698。利用免疫印迹(Western blotting)分析Mp AFP698蛋白的特异性表达,结果显示Mpafp698基因可整合到酵母基因组中并分泌表达,且酵母自身蛋白很少分泌表达。检测抗冻蛋白的低温保护作用,结果发现,小胸鳖甲抗冻蛋白可显著改善冷冻小鼠肝脏等器官的细胞形态,降低血细胞在4℃的溶血率,提高SF9细胞冻融后的存活率。本研究表明,小胸鳖甲AFP可以在毕赤酵母中分泌表达,便于纯化,有良好的低温保护效果。     

荒漠甲虫小胸鳖甲几丁质酶基因MpCht8c的克隆、鉴定与低温表达

为了挖掘荒漠昆虫小胸鳖甲Microdera punctipennis的耐寒性相关基因,从其4℃转录组数据库筛选出差异表达的几丁质酶基因片段394seq2,检测其编码蛋白的几丁质酶活性,研究该基因的表达对低温胁迫的响应情况。采用RACE技术扩增394seq2的5′端和3′端,克隆全长序列,将其ORF构建至原核表达载体pET28a,导入Transetta(DE3)感受态细胞,诱导表达融合蛋白,Western blot法检测表达蛋白的正确性;二硝基水杨酸法测定几丁质酶活性,qRT-PCR技术探究低温表达谱。结果表明,394seq2的5′-UTR为39 bp,3′-UTR为181 bp;ORF为1 140 bp。系统进化树显示该序列与赤拟谷盗几丁质酶8(TcCHT8)聚为一支,命名为MpCht8c。MpCht8c编码379个氨基酸,分子量为41.2 kDa,理论等电点pI为4.67。MpCHT8c含有完整的几丁质酶结构基序,其N端含有几丁质酶催化域,内有一个类18家族几丁质酶的保守基序KXXXXXGGW,中部是一段富PEST的连接区,C端是几丁质酶结合域,属于IV型昆虫几丁质酶。Western blot结果表明His-MpCHT8c在大肠杆菌中正确表达;融合蛋白粗酶液的几丁质酶活性为1.89 U/mL。在4℃冷胁迫0.5 h和5-9 h时Mpcht8c出现两个上调表达峰值,约为对照的2倍。研究表明荒漠昆虫小胸鳖甲的几丁质酶MpCHT8c具有几丁质酶活性,MpCht8c基因的表达可快速响应4℃低温胁迫。研究结果有助于深入研究几丁质酶在小胸鳖甲耐寒性方面的作用机理。     

十五肽 BPC-157通过 p38 MAPK 信号通路途径调节人脐静脉内皮细胞的功能

目的:初步探究十五肽 BPC-157调节人脐静脉内皮细胞(HUVEC)功能的信号通路作用机制.方法:首先利用生物芯片筛选 BPC-157参与激活的细胞信号转导通路途径,进而通过 real-time PCR 证实 BPC-157对候选信号通路中相关基的 mRNA 表达水平的影响,最后采用 Western 印迹观察 BPC-157对候选信号通路中相关蛋白的磷酸化水平影响.结果:10μg/mL BPC-157作用 HUVEC 24 h 后,信号转导通路发现者芯片结果显示,与18条信号转导通路相关的96个关键基中分别有4个基的 mRNA 表达水平上调和下调,其中与 MAPK 信号通路相关的3个关键基 c-Fos、c-Jun 和 Egr-1的 mRNA 表达水平显著性上调;低剂量 BPC-157(1μg/mL)作用 HUVEC 12 h 后,能够促进早期即刻基 c-Fos、c-Jun 和 Egr-1的 mRNA 表达水平;10μg/mL BPC-157作用 HUVEC 30 min 后,可明显促进 ERK1/2、p38蛋白磷酸化.结论:BPC-157可能通过活化 MAPK 信号转导通路途径后,激活下游早期即刻基转录,启动靶基的表达,从而发挥促进 HUVEC 增殖、迁移等功能.     

植物开花调控途径

开花是植物从营养生长转换为生殖生长的生理发育过程,受光周期、温度、激素、年龄等多个因素诱导,在植物生长和物种进化中处于核心地位。综合不断更新的开花分子遗传结果,将植物响应各种内源和外源信号启动开花的途径归纳为:经典的光周期途径、春化途径、自主途径、赤霉素途径和较新的年龄途径共5条。旨在描绘出这些不同途径间既独立又相互影响的复杂网络关系,为进一步探索和阐述更多植物的开花分子机理提供借鉴与参考。     

拟南芥开花诱导途径分子机制研究进展

拟南芥是分子和遗传学研究的模式植物,对植物花发育及控制花形态建成的分子遗传机制的研究进展主要是建立在对拟南芥研究的基础之上,拟南芥开花主要受到4个途径(自主途径、赤霉素途径、春化作用和光周期途径)的内源和外界信号的同时诱导.该文对近年来国内外有关拟南芥开花诱导的4个途径的分子机制研究进展进行综述,并初步绘制出各开花诱导途径基因间的调控网络图,以进一步明确基因间的相互作用模式及其在整个开花过程中的作用地位.     

Short-term effects of infestation by two aphid species on plant growth and shoot respiration of three legumes

The short-term effects of infestation by cowpea aphids ( Aphis craccivora Koch) and pea aphids [ Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris)], both Homoptera: Aphididae, on plant growth and respiration of excised, intact shoots of cowpea [ Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. cv. Caloona], broad bean ( Vicia faba L. cv. Aquadulce) and garden pea ( Pisum sativum L. cv. Victory Freezer) seedlings were investigated, but not all plant-aphid combinations were utilized. Root, shoot and plant dry weights were significantly reduced within 10 days in the infested plants. Rates of total shoot respiration were significantly greater in infested plants within 10 days, and the increase was not due to increased alternative pathway activity but, rather, to increased cytochrome pathway activity. It is suggested that the aphid-induced increase in shoot respiration may be due to increased rates of photosynthesis, to substances injected into the phloem by the aphids and/or delayed senescence. These data indicate that aphid-infested shoots had a decreased carbon use efficiency.     

Short-term effects of two aphid species on plant growth and root respiration of three leguminous species

The short-term effects of cowpea aphids ( Aphis craccivora Koch) and pea aphids ( Acyrthosiphon pisum Harris), both Homoptera: Aphididae, on plant growth and respiration of excised, intact roots of cowpea [ Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. cv. Caloona], broadbean ( Vicia faba L. cv. Aquadulce) and garden pea ( Pisum sativum L. cv. Victory Freezer) seedlings were investigated, but not all plant-aphid combinations were used. Plant and root mean relative growth rates were significantly reduced within 10 days in the infested plants. Rates of total root respiration were was also significantly reduced in all infested plants within 10 days, presumably because of the reduced availability of translocate to the roots. The contribution of the cytochrome pathway to root respiration was significantly greater in control than in infested plants. The activity and engagement of the alternative respiratory pathway was also greater in control plants, and was absent in infested plants after 10 days infestation in all cases but one. These data indicate that the roots of aphid-infested plants were more efficient, in terms of energy conversion, than their respective controls.     

植物萜类化合物的生物合成及应用

萜类化合物是植物中广泛存在的一类代谢产物,在植物生长、发育过程中起重要作用。植物中的萜类化合物有2条合成途径,即甲羟戊酸途径和甲基赤藓糖醇磷酸途径。这2条途径中都存在一系列调控萜类化合物生成、结构和功能各异的酶。植物萜类化合物不仅在植物生命活动中起重要作用,而且具有重要的商业价值,被广泛用于工业、医药卫生等领域。     

Phylogenetic distribution of three pathways for propionate production within the human gut microbiota

Propionate is produced in the human large intestine by microbial fermentation and may help maintain human health. We have examined the distribution of three different pathways used by bacteria for propionate formation using genomic and metagenomic analysis of the human gut microbiota and by designing degenerate primer sets for the detection of diagnostic genes for these pathways. Degenerate primers for the acrylate pathway (detecting the lcdA gene, encoding lactoyl-CoA dehydratase) together with metagenomic mining revealed that this pathway is restricted to only a few human colonic species within the Lachnospiraceae and Negativicutes. The operation of this pathway for lactate utilisation in Coprococcus catus (Lachnospiraceae) was confirmed using stable isotope labelling. The propanediol pathway that processes deoxy sugars such as fucose and rhamnose was more abundant within the Lachnospiraceae (based on the pduP gene, which encodes propionaldehyde dehydrogenase), occurring in relatives of Ruminococcus obeum and in Roseburia inulinivorans. The dominant source of propionate from hexose sugars, however, was concluded to be the succinate pathway, as indicated by the widespread distribution of the mmdA gene that encodes methylmalonyl-CoA decarboxylase in the Bacteroidetes and in many Negativicutes. In general, the capacity to produce propionate or butyrate from hexose sugars resided in different species, although two species of Lachnospiraceae (C. catus and R. inulinivorans) are now known to be able to switch from butyrate to propionate production on different substrates. A better understanding of the microbial ecology of short-chain fatty acid formation may allow modulation of propionate formation by the human gut microbiota.     

The alternative complement pathway revisited

Alternative pathway amplification plays a major role for the final effect of initial specific activation of the classical and lectin complement pathways, but the quantitative role of the amplification is insufficiently investigated. In experimental models of human diseases in which a direct activation of alternative pathway has been assumed, this interpretation needs revision placing a greater role on alternative amplification. We recently documented that the alternative amplification contributed to 80-90% of C5 activation when the initial activation was highly specific for the classical pathway. The recent identification of properdin as a recognition factor directly initiating alternative pathway activation, like C1q in the classical and mannose-binding lectin in the lectin pathway initiates a renewed interest in the reaction mechanisms of complement. Complement and Toll-like receptors, including the CD14 molecule, are two main upstream recognition systems of innate immunity, contributing to the inflammatory reaction in a number of conditions including ischemia-reperfusion injury and sepsis. These systems act as "double-edged swords", being protective against microbial invasion, but harmful to the host when activated improperly or uncontrolled. Combined inhibition of complement and Toll-like receptors/CD14 should be explored as a treatment regimen to reduce the overwhelming damaging inflammatory response during sepsis. The alternative pathway should be particularly considered in this regard, due to its uncontrolled amplification in sepsis. The alternative pathway should be regarded as a dual system, namely a recognition pathway principally similar to the classical and lectin pathways, and an amplification mechanism, well known, but quantitatively probably more important than generally recognized.     

TGF-beta1 通过PI3K及ERK信号通路调节肺动脉高压过程中IGFBPs蛋白表达

目的：探讨大鼠肺动脉高压(PAH)过程中TGF-beta1对胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白（IGFBP）表达调节是否依赖于PI3K及ERK 信号通路。方法：取健康成年SD 大鼠26 只,随机分成2 组：PAH组,腹腔注射1%的野百合碱,剂量为60 mg/kg;对照(C)组腹腔 注射生理盐水。于4 周后超声检测肺动脉平均压力,取肺组织做HE 染色,应用NIS-Element 系统测量中膜厚度。原代培养肺动脉 平滑肌（PASMC）细胞,分别加入TGF-beta1 及TGF-beta1 中和抗体后,Western-blot 检测IGFBP3,IGFBP5,Smad2/Smad3 表达。加入 ERK特异性抑制剂PD98059 或PI3K 抑制剂LY294002,检测IGFBP3,IGFBP5 表达。结果：野百合碱处理4 周后,肺动脉高压组 的平均肺动脉压力及右室/(左室+室间隔)比值显著高于对照组。TGF-茁1 可显著升高IGFBP3,IGFBP5 及p-Smad3 的表达（P<0. 05）,而抑制TGF-beta1 则可显著降低三种蛋白的表达（P<0.05）。加入LY294002 抑制PI3K ERK 后,IGFBP3 和p-Smad2 两种蛋白的 表达量显著下调（P<0.05）。加入PD98059 抑制ERK 后可显著降低IGFBP3 及IGFBP5 的表达水平（P<0.05）。结论：PAH 中 TGF-茁1 升高可通过活化Smad2/Smad3 上调IGFBP3和IGFBP5 的表达。TGF-beta1 促进IGFBP3,IGFBP5表达的作用依赖于PI3K 及ERK 信号通路。     

Increasing coenzyme Q10 yield from Rhodopseudomonas palustris by expressing rate-limiting enzymes and blocking carotenoid and hopanoid pathways

Coenzyme Q₁₀ (CoQ₁₀), a strong antioxidant, is used extensively in food, cosmetic and medicine industries. A natural producer, Rhodopseudomonas palustris, was engineered to overproduce CoQ₁₀. For increasing the CoQ₁₀ content, crtB gene was deleted to block the carotenoid pathway. crtB gene deletion led to 33% improvement of CoQ₁₀ content over the wild type strain. However, it was found that the yield of hopanoids was also increased by competing for the precursors from carotenoid pathway with CoQ₁₀ pathway. To further increase the CoQ₁₀ content, hopanoid pathway was blocked by deleting shc gene, resulting in R. palustris [Δshc, ΔcrtB] to produce 4·7 mg g⁻¹ DCW CoQ₁₀, which was 1·2 times higher than the CoQ₁₀ content in the wild type strain. The common strategy of co-expression of rate-limiting enzymes (DXS, DPS and UbiA) was combined with the pathway blocking method resulted in 8·2 mg g⁻¹ DCW of CoQ₁₀, which was 2·9 times higher than that of wild type strain. The results suggested a synergistic effect among different metabolic engineering strategies. This study demonstrates the potential of R. palustris for CoQ₁₀ production and provides viable strategies to increase CoQ₁₀ titer.     

异戊二烯生物合成研究进展

异戊二烯(isoprene),又名2-甲基-1、3-丁二烯,是最简单的类异戊二烯化合物,是橡胶的重要前体物质,在精细化工如香料、新型农药等方面应用广泛。异戊二烯主要依赖化石燃料合成,但生产成本较高、易污染环境,生物法合成异戊二烯具有巨大的潜在应用价值,本文综述了生物法合成异戊二烯的主要途径与研究进展。