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1.
C. Herbaut 《Cell and tissue research》1972,130(1):18-27
Résumé Dans l'ovocyte de Lithobius forficatus L., les trois types classiques de réserves vitellines apparaissent successivement: glycogène, globules lipidiques et vitellus protéique. La synthèse du glycogène semble effectuée au contact des membranes ergastoplasmiques. Les globules lipidiques paraissent élaborés à partir d'un matériel qui transite par le reticulum puis l'appareil de Golgi. Le vitellus protéique est d'origine exogène et pénètre dans l'ovocyte par pinocytose.L'ovocyte mûr est très riche en réserves vitellines et ne renferme qu'une mince couche cytoplasmique périphérique, pauvre en organites.
Nature and origin of the vitelline reserves in the oocyte of lithobius forficatus L. (myriapoda chilopoda)
Summary In the oocyte of Lithobius forficatus L., the three classical types of vitelline reserves appear successively: glycogen, lipid droplets, and protein yolk. Glycogen synthesis seems to occur in contact with the rough endoplasmic reticulum. Lipid droplets appear to be elaborated from a material which passes through the endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi apparatus. Protein yolk originates elsewhere and enters the oocyte by pinocytosis.The mature oocyte is almost completely filled with yolk. There remains only a thin outer coat of cytoplasm with very few organelles.相似文献
2.
M. Descamps 《Histochemistry and cell biology》1969,20(1):46-57
Résumé L'étude cytochimique de la spermatogenèse a été envisagée, d'un point de vue qualitatif chez Lithobius forficatus L. (Myriapode Chilopode). Les cellules de la lignée mâle sont de nature essentiellement protéique. On peut distinguer trois grandes périodes: 1. la croissance spermatocytaire, caractérisée par la synthèse d'ARN et de protéines basiques, 2. les phases de division de maturation, 3. la spermiogenèse, marquée par la diminution progressive de la teneur en ARN et en histones.
Cytochemical study of spermatogenesis in Lithobius forficatus L. (Myriapoda Chilopoda)
Summary A qualitative cytochemical study was carried out of Spermatogenesis in Lithobius forficatus L. (Myriapoda Chilopoda). The gametes are characterized by their protein nature. Spermatogenesis can be divided into three major periods: 1. Spermatocyte growth, a phase of synthesis of RNA and basic proteins, 2. period of maturation divisions, 3. spermiogenesis, characterized by a gradual decrease in the amounts of RNA and histone.相似文献
3.
M. Descamps 《Cell and tissue research》1972,126(2):193-205
Résumé Le spermatozoïde de Lithobius forficatus L. a été étudié grâce aux microscopes électroniques, classique et à balayage. Le spermatozoïde a une longueur d'environ 2 mm et comprend deux parties: la tête, avec l'acrosome et le noyau, et la queue, divisée en zone de liaison, pièce intermédiaire et pièce terminale.L'acrosome, entouré par du matériel fibrillaire exogène, a environ 4 de long sur 0,2–0,3 de large. Le noyau spiralé (300 à 400 de long) est constitué d'un axe fibrillaire et d'une spire granulaire dans la région postérieure. La zone de liaison est composée de la partie basale différenciée du noyau et des parties antérieures du complexe flagellaire et de la pièce intermédiaire. La pièce intermédiaire, particulièrement longue (1,5 mm environ) est formée par le flagelle entouré de ses gaines et du manchon mitochondrial. La pièce terminale est un court prolongement flagellaire (6 à 7 ). Les spermatozoïdes matures (prélevés dans les vésicules séminales) ont une structure mitochondriale légèrement différente de celle des spermatozoïdes prélevés dans le testicule.
Ultrastructural study of the spermatozoa of Lithobius forficatus L. (myriapoda chilopoda)
Summary The spermatozoon of Lithobius forficatus was investigated by transmission and scanning electron microscopy. The spermatozoon has a length of about 2 mm long, it is subdivided into a head with acrosome and nucleus, and a tail with a connecting piece, a middle piece and an end piece.The acrosome, surrounded by exogenous fibrillar material is about 4 long and 0.2–0.3 wide. The spiral nucleus (300–400 in length) consists of a fibrillar axis and of a whorl of granular material in the posterior part. The connecting piece is composed of the basal differentiated part of the nucleus and the anterior parts of the flagellar complex and middle piece. The latter is particularly long (about 1.5 mm) and consists of the flagellar complex and the mitochondrial sheath.The flagellar end piece is short (6–7 ). Mature spermatozoa (seminal vesicles) have a mitochondrial structure slightly different from those within the testis.相似文献
4.
C. Herbaut 《Development genes and evolution》1972,170(2):115-134
Résumé L'évolution ovocytaire présente les quatre phases classiques: préméiose, prévitellogenèse, vitellogenèse et maturation.Au cours de la prévitellogenèse, l'accroissement du noyau et du cytoplasme est très important. Le matériel nucléolaire se fragmente en de nombreuses masses et lames nueléolaires; les extrusions nucléaires sont très fréquentes. Le nombre de ribosomes et de mitochondries augmente considérablement et les mitochondries subissent de profondes modifications morphologiques: empilement, apparition de figures en nid d'abeilles. Les formations lysosomiales sont importantes.Durant la vitellogenèse, le noyau semble peu actif et les réserves vitellines s'accumulent dans le cytoplasme. Le nombre des ribosomes et des mitochondries diminue.Pendant la phase de maturation, l'appareil de Golgi semble sécréter des vacuoles périphériques, localisées dans le cytoplasme péricellulaire.Les modifications cytologiques et cytochimiques sont discutées et sont reliées à l'évolution physiologique ovocytaire.
Cytochemical and ultrastructural study of oogenesis inLithobius forficatus L. (Myriapoda, Chilopoda). Evolution of cellular components
Summary The development of the oocyte takes place in four classical phases: premeiosis, previtellogenesis, vitellogenesis and maturation.During previtellogenesis, nucleus and cytoplasm grow considerably. The nucleolar material breaks up into numerous masses and laminae and nuclear extrusions are very frequent. The number of ribosomes and mitochondria increases markedly; the mitochondria show pronounced morphological modifications: stacking, honeycomb-like figures. Lysosomal formations are numerous.During vitellogenesis, the nucleus shows little activity and yolk accumulates in the cytoplasm. The number of ribosomes and mitochondria decreases. During maturation, the Golgi apparatus seems to bud off vacuoles in the cortical cytoplasm.Cytological and cytochemical modifications are discussed in relation to the physiological development of the oocyte.相似文献
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Summary During the period between apolysis and ecdysis, the vesicular glands show many important transformations which affect not only the cuticular ductules, but all the cells. The cytoplasm of the glandular cells undergoes a partial autolysis, whereas other parts of the cells present a high secretory activity. Immediately after the apolysis the cellular reservoir empties and disappears almost completely; soon after, refills with secretion. The most interesting transformations concern each ciliary cell, always associated with a glandular cell. In the first phase of the moulting cycle, the dendrite of the ciliary cell grows a ciliumlike extension (= distal region of the dendrite), which penetrates into the corresponding ductule; the new intima of this ductule is laid around the cilium. At the same time, the proximal region of the dendrite forms a circular fold around the base of the cilium and begins to secrete a material which will form the end apparatus. This latter is finished during the second phase of the cycle. The third phase is characterized by the degeneration of the distal region of the dendrite and the circular fold. Thus, the end apparatus is not a secretion of the ductule-carrying cell, but of the ciliary cell. At the end of the moulting period, just before ecdysis, the vesicular gland again takes the structure characteristic of the intermoult: the reservoir of the glandular cell is very large; the cuticular apparatus is almost formed; the dendrite of the ciliary cells shows, at its apex, a short cilium (= ciliary region s. str. + short distal region) surrounded by microvilli, free in the secretion of the reservoir. 相似文献
7.
Jean-Claude Wissocq 《Development genes and evolution》1977,182(3):227-253
Résumé Au cours de l'épitoquie des Nereidiens, les fibres musculaires longitudinales ne sont pas forméesde novo, à partir de cellules indifferenciées ou myoblastes, mais proviennent des fibres anciennes atoques. Celles-ci subissent une véritable dédifférenciation plus ou moins synchrone d'une redifférenciation. Les deux processus ne sont pas successifs mais simultanés, et une dédifférenciation complète est absente.Les premières cellules en évolution appartiennent à la couche musculaire externe; ensuite, les fibres des assises plus profondes se transforment à leur tour.Les transformations consistent en: 1) La dédifférenciation du bord interne ou coelomique de la fibre. Les structures contractiles disparaissent dans cette zone et de nombreuses particules de glycogène se différencient sans relation avec le reticulum endoplasmique ou les ribosomes. Aucun lysosome ou signe précurseur ne peuvent être observés avant la disparition des filaments contractiles et des éléments Z. 2) Le bord coelomique s'hypertrophie. Dans la région axiale de la fibre, de nombreuses mitochondries et particules et de glycogène remplacent le matériel contractile. Corrélativement, l'épaisseur des bandes A et I diminue. 3) La fibre hétéronéreidienne ou épitoque est constituée et présente deux parties: un cortex myoplasmique et une médulla sarcoplasmique, remplie de mitochondries et de glycogène. Le noyau renfermant un nucléole volumineux est situé dans une hernie sarcoplasmique latérale.
Evolution of muscles inNereidae (Annelida polychaeta) during Epitoky. III. Dedifferentiation of the longitudinal fibres
Summary During epitoky inNereidae, the longitudinal muscle fibres are not formedde novo from undifferentiated cells or myoblasts, but arise from the old atokous fibres. These undergo a true dedifferentiation more or less synchronously with a redifferentiation. The two processes are not successive but simultaneous and there is no complete dedifferentiation.The first cells that develop are in the outside muscle layer; then the fibres of the inside layers are transformed in their turn.The transformations consist of: 1) Dedifferentiation of the edge of the inner or coelomic fibre. The contractile structures disappear in this part and numerous glycogen particles differentiate, unrelated to endoplasmic reticulum or ribosomes. No lysosomes or precursory markings are observed before the disappearance of contractile filaments and Z rods. 2) The coelomic edge becomes enlarged. In the axial region of the fibre, numerous mitochondria and and glycogen particles take the place of the contractile material. Consequently, the thickness of A and I bands decreases. 3) The heteronereid or epitokous fibre is formed and shows two parts: a myoplasmic cortex and a sarcoplasmic medulla, filled with mitochondria and glycogen. The nucleus with a voluminous nucleolus settles inside a lateral sarcoplasmic swelling.相似文献
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Jacqueline Roos 《Cell and tissue research》1967,84(3):372-388
Résumé L'évolution des cellules gonadotropes préhypophysaires ß et a été étudiée au cours de cycles de 4 jours chez la ratte.Ces 2 catégories cellulaires subissent au cours du cycle ovarien des variations morphologiques et numériques qui paraissent témoigner d'une activité folliculostimulante pour les cellules ß et d'une activité ovulatoire pour les cellules .Les cellules ß se dégranulent une lère fois pendant la nuit du dioestrus II au prooestrus, puis une 2e fois, lors de la phase préovulatoire, l'après-midi du prooestrus.Les cellules présentent, au cours de l'après-midi du prooestrus, une dégranulation massive, qui peut etre mise en rapport avec la décharge de L. H. qui se produit à ce stade du cycle.La lère dégranulation des cellules ß en dioestrus II correspondrait à la vague de croissance folliculaire qui, selon Long et Evans, a lieu à ce stade du cycle et mènerait certains follicules à la rupture. La seconde traduirait une décharge de FSH synergique de l'excrétion de L. H. par les cellules , pendant la phase préovulatoire du cycle ovarien.
Summary Morphological and numerical variations of the pituitary gonadotrophs ß and were studied during 4 days cycles at different stages of the oestrous cycle in the Rat.The highest degree of degranulation of the ß cells was observed first during the night of dioestrous II to prooestrous and afterwards on the afternon of prooestrous.The degranulation of the cells began in the morning of prooestrous and reached its higher degree at 4 p. m. in prooestrous.The first peak of degranulation of the ß cells was supposed to be related to the wave of follicular growth which occurs on the day of dioestrous II according to Long and Evans. The second phase of degranulation of these cells was considered as a prooestrous diurnal discharge of FSH synergically with the ovulatory discharge of LH by the cells during the critical period of the cycle.相似文献
10.
Jacques Figier 《Planta》1969,87(4):275-289
Summary Isolated young leaves of Mercurialis annua L. are successively fed with solutions of tritiated glycine and cold glycine. A radioautographic study of the cells of the petiolary glands shows sites of synthesis and translocation of proteins. Synthesis takes place in mitochondria, plastids, nucleus and ergastoplasm, including a very important part of the latter which contains big inclusions partly formed from proteins. Then, while mitochondria, plastids and nucleus remain radioactive, the newly formed proteins of the ergastoplasm successively pass to golgi bodies and smooth endoplasmic reticulum, to membranous whorls (myelin figures) and finally to external secretions. Since we know that golgi bodies contain polysaccharides, a role of these organelles might be to bind the newly formed proteins to these polysaccharides.
Ce travail fait partie d'une thèse de doctorat d'Etat sur la cyto-physiologie des nectaires. 相似文献
Ce travail fait partie d'une thèse de doctorat d'Etat sur la cyto-physiologie des nectaires. 相似文献
11.
《Journal of bryology》2013,35(4):765-777
AbstractThe effects of a 24 h dehydration period on plastid ultrastructure and their starch content have been studied on the leafy gametophyte of a poikilohydrous moss Polytrichum formosum Hedw. It has been shown that desiccation induces a swift resorption of the starch grains in the plastids of the meristematic cells of the shoot apex without any major disorganisation of the thylakoids. However starch grains are preserved in the dehydrated tissues of the adult leaves. The starch hydrolysis is continued with a marked increase of the sucrose concentration to this may be attributed an osmoregulatory role in the first stages of the water loss. Upon rehydration the plastid ultrastructure is entirely restored with new starch inclusions appearing in less than 4 h. 相似文献
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Nicole Dhainaut-Courtois 《Cell and tissue research》1968,85(4):466-482
Résumé Les cellules infracérébrales de Nereis pelagica L. présentent un cycle évolutif concomitant de l'âge du ver. Il apparaît que les activités maximales des cellules C1 et C2 ne sont pas synchrones. Les cellules C2 sont les premières à atteindre leur haut degré de différenciation mais semblent disparaître au moins partiellement chez les vers âgés. Les cellules C1 se différencient plus tardivement mais restent probablement actives jusqu'à un stade voisin de l'épitoquie. Il est possible que les cellules infracérébrales remplissent une fonction endocrine et qu'elles soient sous la dépendance de l'activité neurosécrétoire du cerveau.
Summary Infracerebral cells of Nereis pelagica L. exhibit a developmental cycle that takes place in concordance with the age of the worm. Maximal activities of C1 and C2 cells do not seem to be synchronous. C2 cells are the first to reach their peak of differentiation but seem to disappear at least partially in the old worms. C1 cells differentiate late, but probably remain active until close to epitoquy. Infracerebral cells might fulfill an endocrine function and be dependent on the neurosecretory activity of the brain.相似文献
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《Journal of insect physiology》1968,14(6):831-840
The changing phospholipid pattern of the last instar larva and during metamorphosis has been studied by a new method. After extraction by the usual method of Folchet al. (1957), the total lipids were separated into polar and neutral fractions by a fixation technique on silicic acid.The phospholipids were subfractionated into classes and quantities estimated by thin-layer chromatography. Phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine were the major constitutents. Sphingomyelin was found in relatively high concentration but other constituents identified were lysophosphatidylcholine, lysophosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylserine, and cardiolipin. A relationship was found between this last group of compounds and oxygen consumption.The major changes were noted at the time of pupation and adult emergence. At the beginning of pupal period, a considerable amount of phosphatidylcholine is transformed into lysophosphatidylcholine. Reacylation of lysophosphatidylcholine to form phosphatidylcholine is suggested for the first time in an insect. There is a probability of phosphatide transfer between serine and phosphatidylethanolamine on adult emergence. The significance of these variations is discussed. 相似文献
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Sans résumé 相似文献
18.
Colette Ducros 《Cell and tissue research》1972,132(1):51-65
Résumé Les fibres nerveuses, souvent composées, qu'on peut trouver dans le tissu conjonctif séparant les fibres musculaires du canal, ou les tubules de la glande, sont très comparables morphologiquement aux fibres des troncs moteurs. Leurs cellules satellites, qui contiennent de grosses inclusions, nombreuses et très denses aux électrons, engainent les axones pratiquement jusqu'au niveau des terminaisons. Les jonctions neuromusculaires sont caractérisées par l'accumulation de petites vésicules claires, accompagnées de quelques vésicules plus grandes et à »coeur« dense. Les axones présentent aussi le long de leur trajet des segments plus ou moins dilatés où existent des vésicules de types très variés, et dont la signification est discutée.
Ultrastructural study of the innervation of the posterior salivary glands in Octopus vulgaris II. Muscle innervation in the ducts and the glands
Summary Nervous fibers, often composite, can be found in the connective tissue between the duct muscular fibers, or the gland tubules. They are morphologically similar to the motor trunks fibers. Their satellite cells, containing numerous electron-opaque large inclusions, can be seen round the axons nearly to the nerve endings. Neuromuscular junctions are characterized by the accumulation of small clear vesicles, intermingled with some larger dense-cored vesicles. Axonal swellings, with numerous vesicles of various types, can also be seen along the course of the nerve fibers; their significance is discussed.相似文献
19.
Yvette Boyer 《Biologia Plantarum》1971,13(1):16-21
Experimental Study of changes in water content during dehydration and rehydration of the Fern: Notochlaena vellea R. Br.—This study takes place after studies made on otherPolypodiaceen Ferns. We have shown that, in these ferns, the survival duration was longer for the subterranean organs than for aerial ones. The problem was to show that this difference is due to a lower dehydration of the subterranean tissues. As far as we looked at the total water deficiency, we did not find any significant difference between the leaves and the meristematic parts of the subterranean organs: the main difference is the rate of rehydration which is higher in subterranean parts. 相似文献
20.
《Journal of insect physiology》1970,16(2):301-318
In Locusta migratoria direct experimental and infrastructural data confirm correlations between the fate of post-imaginal prothoracic glands and corpora allata activity.The presence of juvenile hormone in haemolymph during metamorphosis and corpora allata hyperactivity allow the prothoracic glands to persist. Cyclic activity of these glands is synchronous with ovarian cyclic activity. These physiological conditions are obtained by isolation, short day-length, high relative humidity, by CO2 periodic anaesthesis (1 min by day), or experimentally by the implantation of supernumerary active corpora allata. These conditions also produce the solitaria form.The absence of juvenile hormone in the haemolymph during the first three days of adult life, or precocious corpora allata ablation, prevents prothoracic gland degeneration.The prothoracic gland shows some chief cytological features during the first three imaginal days (‘periode de latence’). Thus, lytic structures with phosphatase acid activity always appear and suggest, according to Wigglesworth's hypothesis, that a cerebral degenerative factor is liberated during metamorphosis. This factor is inhibited by juvenile hormone and the prothoracic glands persist. 相似文献