RETRACTED ARTICLE: A review of 45 candidate genes: Association of single nucleotide polymorphism to schizophrenia Risk

The following article has been retracted from publication in the Taylor & Francis journal New Genetics and Society. I. Priya, S. Sharma, I. Sharma, R. Mahajan and N. Kapoor, A review of 45 candidate genes: association of single nucleotide polymorphism to schizophrenia risk, New Genetics and Society https://doi.org/10.1080/14636778.2018.1481740. Version of Record published online 13 July 2018.

The editorial office of the journal inadvertently processed the paper through the online submission system without proper peer review or requisite checks. This has now been remedied and the journal and publishers apologise to the authors that this occurred. Journal processes and checks have now been reviewed and updated so that all best efforts are made to ensure this does not occur again.

© Taylor & Francis/Journal owner     

Editorial Retraction

STATEMENT OF RETRACTION

Upon a thorough investigation, it has been determined that the paper titled “Presence of Siderophores on Grape Marc Aerated Compost Tea,” written by F. Diánez, M. Santos, M. de Cara, and J.C. Tello published in the Geomicrobiology Journal, 2006, Volume 23, pages 323–331, is nearly identical to the article “Grape Marc Compost Tea Suppressiveness to Plant Pathogenic Fungi: Role of Siderophores,” also written by F. Diánez, M. Santos, M. de Cara and J.C. Tello along with A. Boix, I. Trillas and M. Avilés that published in Compost Science & Utilization, 2006, 48–53, five months prior to publishing in Geomicrobiology Journal.

As a result the article published in Geomicrobiology Journal has been retracted and should not be cited in the electronic or print version of the journal. Please click here to view the article to which this statement of retraction relates.

Dr. William C. Ghiorse

Editor-in-Chief

Geomicrobiology Journal

Dr. Henry L. Ehrlich

Editor-in-Chief

Geomicrobiology Journal     

Editorial Retraction

Upon a thorough investigation, it has been determined that the paper titled “Integrating Microbial Composting and Vermicomposting for Effective Utilization of By-Products of Sugar Cane-Processing Industries” by Shweta, Rahul Kumar, B.L. Singh, and Verma Deepshikha published in the Bioremediation Journal, 2010, Volume 14, pages 158–167, was simultaneously submitted and published in two journals. The same study with minor textual variations titled “Composting of sugar-cane waste by-products through treatment with microorganisms and subsequent vermicomposting” also written by Shweta, Rahul Kumar, B.L. Singh, and Verma Deepshikha published in the Elsevier publication, Bioresource Technology, 2010, 6707–6711, three months prior to publishing in Bioremedation Journal.

As a result the article published in Bioremediation Journal has been retracted and should not be cited in the electronic or print version of the journal.

Dr. Hanadi S. Rifai

Editor-in-Chief

Bioremediation Journal

Please click here to view the article to which this statement of retraction relates.     

The Virtues of Theory: How Some Academics Succeeded – Big Time – in Reaching Non-Academic Audiences

ABSTRACT

This is a short essay stimulated by Why Anthropologists Don’t Reach the Public: A Rumination on Books of Thomas Hylland Eriksen, by Gordon Mathews (DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00664677.2018.1502074).     

Late pleistocene population dynamics: An alternative view

An attempt is made to argue for a more dynamic view of huntergatherer population behavior in place of the largely static one that has been widely accepted. Following a review of how the concept of carrying capacity has been used in both huntergatherer and ecological studies, attention is drawn to the role of stochastic factors in producing fluctuations over time among populations that are small in size. Some of the implications of this alternative view are briefly discussed.Research supported in part by NIH Grant GM 20467-03.This is a revised version of a paper presented at the symposium, Systems and Their Environments, at the Annual Meeting of the American Anthropological Association, 1973, New Orleans.     

The health seeking process: An approach to the natural history of illness

Anthropological research on health-related behaviors in the United States has tended to emphasize folk illnesses among particular subcultural groups, obscuring the heterogeneity of popular culture health beliefs and practices in the lay health system. The development of theoretical models for this complex society will require research that stresses similarity as well as diversity within and between population groups. The health seeking process is proposed in this paper as a means to document natural histories of illness in any subculture. Concepts from medical anthropology and medical sociology are related to five components of health seeking — symptom definition, illness-related shifts in role behavior, lay consultation and referral, treatment actions, and adherence. Illustrative propositions to guide further research are proposed.1. This is a substantially revised and expanded version of the paper, Toward a Typology of Health Systems, given at the American Anthropological Association meetings in San Francisco, December 1975. Various stages in the conceptual development of the health seeking process have been presented in the following forums at the University of Washington: Colloquium in Nursing Research, November 1974; Behavioral Sciences Study Unit Seminar (Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences), February 1976; and the Seminar on Anthropological and Cross-Cultural Dimensions of Illness and Health Care, December 1976. Participants at these gatherings made many useful suggestions. The Office of Nursing Research in the School of Nursing (supported in part by grants NU 00369, DHEW, Division of Nursing, and RR 05758, DHEW, Division of Research Resources) provided bibliographic and typing assistance. Finally, I would like to thank Ursula Chrisman, Byron Good, Jennifer James, Arthur Kleinman, and Steve Shortell for their helpful comments on earlier drafts.     

Presence of Siderophores on Grape Marc Aerated Compost Tea

Please click here to view a statement of retraction concerning this article.     

Toward Doubled Haploid Production in the Fabaceae: Progress,Constraints, and Opportunities

The Fabaceae species have a major role to play in sustainable farming systems, but they have lagged behind other families in respect to the development of doubled haploid protocols for plant improvement. Currently, no plant improvement program uses doubled haploids on a routine basis for any member of the Fabaceae. There has recently been renewed interest in haploid research as the usefulness of doubled haploid material in molecular mapping has become clear. This review provides a comprehensive account of the current information regarding the development of haploid protocols in the Fabaceae. In the Fabaceae crop species there have been isolated reports of haploid plant induction in the phaseoloid clade; soybean, cowpea and pigeonpea, as well as promising progress towards haploidy in peanut and winged bean. As yet there have been no reports of haploid plant production in the galegoid clade, but early stage haploid embryogenesis has been achieved in chickpea, field pea, and lupin. Success in the production of haploid plants has also been reported within the pasture genera Lotus, Medicago, and Trifolium and the arboreal genera Cassia, Peltophorum, and Albizzia. A review of the literature has enabled us to identify some general similarities between the protocols developed for haploid plant induction across the various legumes. These are the culture of intact anthers; use of a cold pretreatment to induce sporophytic development; targeting of microspores at the uninucleate stage of development; and use of MS (Murashige and Skoog, 1962 Murashige, T. and Skoog, F. 1962. A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue cultures. Physiol. Plant., 15: 473–497. [CSA][Crossref], [Web of Science ®] [Google Scholar]) based nutrient medium with plant growth regulators to encourage continued division following induction. These protocol commonalities will assist researchers to identify approaches suited to their target Fabaceae species. The paucity of research funding for haploid research in most Fabaceae species has highlighted the need for strong collaborative linkages between institutions and researchers.

     

The Siriono of eastern Bolivia: A reexamination

The Siriono Indians of eastern Bolivia have one of the simplest cultures on record. In a famous ethnography, Allan Holmberg explained Siriono cultural poverty mainly with a psycho-functional model, in which the demands of the food quest were said to have prevented the elaboration of most aspects of Siriono culture. This article reexamines the cultural status of the Siriono in terms of population decimation, flight into a new ecological niche, acculturation to Whites and to other Indians and Afro-Americans, and a strategic but culturally corrosive shift from patrilocal to matrilocal residence. The article concludes that the reexamination of all past ethnographic work, and perhaps especially of the classic, or more influential ethnographies, is one of the most urgent tasks facing cultural anthropology.This article is a revised version of a paper presented at the 1976 Annual Spring Meeting of the Central States Anthropological Society. I thank Professora María Eugenia Bozzoli V. de Wille for first stimulating my interest in the Siriono; Beth Dillingham for many helpful conversations while I was formulating the arguments expressed herein; and Lee Haas for bibliographic assistance. I alone am responsible for interpretative statements.     

Re-evaluating conservation priorities of New World tarantulas (Araneae: Theraphosidae) in a molecular framework indicates non-monophyly of the genera,Aphonopelma and Brachypelma

We present a mtDNA gene tree of tarantula spiders (Araneae: Mygalomorphae: Theraphosidae) based on the mitochondrial 16S-tRNA (leu)-ND1 gene region as a promising initial molecular hypothesis to clarify the taxonomy of the largest subfamily, Theraphosinae. Many species of this New World subfamily are traded widely as exotic pets, yet few scientific studies on them exist, and the robustness of many supposed taxonomic groupings is debatable. Yet the validity of taxon names and knowledge of their distinctiveness is vital for trade regulation, most notably for the Neotropical genus Brachypelma Simon 1891, which is listed under CITES (Appendix II, see online supplemental material, which is available from the article's Taylor & Francis Online page at https://doi.org/10.1080/14772000.2017.1346719). The use of molecular markers for tarantula taxonomy has been limited until recently, with most previous studies relying on morphological methods. Our findings, from newly collected molecular data, have several nomenclatural implications, suggesting a need for a rigorous overhaul of Theraphosinae classification at multiple hierarchical levels. Here, we take steps toward a revised classification, favouring division of Theraphosinae into three tribes: the Theraphosini trib. nov., the Hapalopini trib. nov., and the Grammostolini trib. nov. We also make conservation recommendations for two non-monophyletic genera. Firstly, we recover Aphonopelma Pocock 1901 as polyphyletic, finding that the large radiation into the USA and Mexico is taxonomically distinct from at least three other lineages distributed throughout Central America, one of which includes the type species of the genus. Secondly, and importantly for conservation, we find diphyly in the CITES listed genus Brachypelma Simon 1891, where our data strongly favour a division into two distinct smaller genera. We consider only the lineage with endemics in the Pacific coastal zone of Mexico to be of conservation concern. Finally, we also make suggestions on the future direction of revisionary research for the Theraphosidae as a whole.

http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:B37F7795-3F92-4334-A0C7-65C8026EE1FB     

Proteomics of Pseudomonas aeruginosa: the increasing role of post-translational modifications

Introduction: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a Gram-negative opportunistic pathogen widely involved in human infections. The high occurrence of this bacterial species in the clinical field is due to its high ability to adapt to detrimental environments, in particular its strong inherent antibiotic resistance, its ability to form biofilms and to produce virulence factors. The application of proteomics to clinical microbiology is probably one of the most innovative strategies of the last decades to understand complex microbial systems, by providing individual proteome charts of pathogens.

Areas covered: In the last decade, proteomic advances have allowed in high-throughput the screening of proteins modified by diverse co- and post-translational modifications in P. aeruginosa. This review will present the current state of the art for the characterization of PTMs in P. aeruginosa by proteomics approaches. We will then discuss on the involvement of PTMs in P. aeruginosa physiology.

Expert commentary: Modified proteins and enzymes involved in the addition/removal of modifications will surely constitute targets of interest to develop new therapeutic drugs to fight against P. aeruginosa.     

Body in the Dark

The Dancer and the Dance

Producer: National Film and Television School, and Royal Anthropological Institute; Director: Felicia Hughes‐Freeland; Camera: Amy Hardy; Sound and Editing: Felicia Hughes‐Freeland. Distributed by the Royal Anthropological Institute, 50 Fitzroy Street, London W1P 5HS, U.K. Tel: (071) 387–0455; fax (071) 383–4235. 1988, color, 44 minutes, 16mm, 1/2 inch, NTSC, PAL. Rental £27.00 for 16mm, £12.00 for video in U.K. only; for rental elsewhere, and sale prices, enquire of the R.A.I. Film Officer.

Reclaiming the Forest

Producer: National Film and Television School, and Royal Anthropological Institute; Director: Paul Henley; Camera and Editing: Paul Henley; Sound: Georges Brion. 1986–1987, 57 or 39 minutes, color. Distributed by the Royal Anthropological Institute, 50 Fitzroy Street, London W1P 5HS, U.K. Tel: (071) 387–0455; fax: (071) 383–4235. Longer version: sale, £1,210.00; rental, £20.00: 16mm only. Shorter version: sale, £35.00 (PAL) or £52.00 (NTSC), rental £12.00 (PAL), video only. Postage and VAT extra.     

Is a cultural ethology possible?

The possibility, desirability, and potential outcomes of applying ethological methods to the study of culture-specific human behaviors are investigated. Ethology and culture are explored. A new term, instruction, and its use in cultural ethology are proposed. Genetics and survival value are related to cultural ethology. A cultural ethology is given a possible theoretical foundation, and current attempts at a cultural ethology are appraised. A research program in cultural ethology and related fields is proposed.This article is a completely rewritten version of a paper of the same title delivered at the annual meeting of the Southern Anthropological Society at Gainesville, Florida, in February 1968 and published inResearch Previews 15(1): 37–47, April 1968.     

Man's use of an andean ecosystem

The Andes are characterized by valley systems that differ according to the steepness of the environmental gradient as well as the human occupation and land use patterns. This article discusses the natural and crop zonation in one valley of the eastern Andes of northern Peru which includes many of the principal plant and crop zones of the Peruvian Andes. The entire valley is exploited by one peasant community. The article describes some of the land use patterns of the community and compares this valley system with others on the eastern slopes of the Andes.This article is a revised version of a paper originally presented at the symposium, Cultural Adaptations to Mountain Ecosystems, given at the Annual Meeting of the American Anthropological Association, New Orleans, Louisiana, November 28, 1973.     

Il Pinus Mugo Turra Ed Il Pinus Uncinata Miller in Piemonte. Note Critiche e Distribuzione

Abstract

«Pinus mugo» Turra and «Pinus uncinata» Miller in Piedmont. Critical notes and distribution. — The Authors have carried on a research on the distribution of Pinus mugo Turra (sensu Fl. Eur.) and Pinus uncinata Miller in all Piedmont Alpes and, having observed the extreme variability of the characters which are employed in the keys of determination to differentiate these two species, they suggest other and more constant characters. These are:

Il Pinus Mugo Turra Ed Il Pinus Uncinata Miller in Piemonte. Note Critiche e Distribuzione

All authors

Franco Montacchini & Rosanna Caramiello

https://doi.org/10.1080/11263506809426488

Published online:

14 September 2009

Table     

JNK pathway in osteoarthritis: pathological and therapeutic aspects

Context: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common chronic degenerative joint disease resulting in physical disability and reduced quality of life. Different biochemical signaling pathways are involved in the progression of OA, including the c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) signal transduction pathway.

Objective: In this study, we have reviewed the recent updates on the association of JNK pathway with OA.

Methods: In this review, we have explored the databases like PubMed, Google Scholar, Medline, Scopus, etc., and collected the most relevant papers of JNK signaling pathway involved in the pathogenesis and therapeutics of OA

Results: JNK has been shown by scientific studies to be activated (phosphorylated) in OA that can play a key role in the cartilage destruction. Activation of JNK causes the phosphorylation of c-Jun that causes decreased proteoglycan synthesis and enhanced production of matrix metalloproteinase 13 (MMP-13). Overproduction of MMP-13 by chondrocytes plays a central role in cartilage degeneration in OA. Thus, targeting JNK pathway might be a promising therapeutic application for the prevention and treatment of OA. A number of JNK-inhibitors have been used in vitro and in vivo studies; however, not yet been translated into human use.

Conclusions: This review study indicates that JNK pathway plays an important role in development and progression of OA, and targeting the JNK pathway might be a potential approach for the treatment of OA in future.     

Mass spectrometry based proteomics analyses in kallikrein-related peptidase research: implications for cancer research and therapy

Introduction: Kallikrein-related peptidases (KLKs) are a family of serine peptidases that are deregulated in numerous pathological conditions, with a multitude of KLK-mediated functional roles implicated in the progression of cancer. Advances in multidimensional mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics have facilitated the quantitative measurement of deregulated KLK expression in cancer, identifying certain KLKs, as well as their substrates, as potential cancer biomarkers.

Areas covered: In this review, we discuss how these approaches have been utilized for KLK biomarker discovery and unbiased substrate determination in complex protein pools that mimic the in vivo extracellular microenvironment.

Expert commentary: Although a limited number of studies have been performed, the quantity of information generated has greatly improved our understanding of the functional roles of KLKs in cancer progression. In addition, these data suggest additional means through which deregulated KLK expression may be targeted in cancer treatment, highlighting the potential therapeutic value of these state-of-the-art MS-based studies.     

Review of mathematica

Mathematica is an extremely powerful tool designed to perform a multitude of mathematical operations and functions. Stephen Wolfram is the creator of the programming language and has long been a leader in the field of scientific computing. The language is rich in options and the task of learning it may seem daunting at first However, if one proceeds with small steps, first learning the basics and then new functions as becomes necessary, they will be rewarded with learning a robust, powerful language that can be used in virtually any application. Here we discuss examples of Mathematica's utility in risk assessment and review a copy of the newly released version 3. It arrives on a multi‐platform CD (i.e., Windows, Macintosh, UNIX) with a password that allows access on only one of the platforms.

Program: Mathematica, Ver. 3.0

Source: Wolfram Research, Inc., 100 Trade Center Drive, Champaign, IL 61820–7237

System: Windows 95 or Windows NT, Ver. 3.51 or higher with at least 8 MB of RAM, though at least 16 MB of RAM is recommended; many other platforms are available

Cost: Commercial price, $1295 for program, standard add‐on packages, and manual; Educational $895; Regular service $195; Premier service $385     

Understanding Kurdish ethno-nationalism in Turkey: socio-economy,religion, and politics

Abstract

In his recent article in Ethnic and Racial Studies, entitled ‘Curbing Kurdish ethno-nationalism in Turkey’, (Sarigil 2010 Sarigil, Zeki. 2010. Curbing Kurdish ethno-nationalism in Turkey: an empirical assessment of pro-Islamic and socio-economic approaches. Ethnic and Racial Studies, 33(3): 533–53. [Taylor &; Francis Online], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]) tests two rival hypotheses regarding Kurdish ethno-nationalism in Turkey and, using data from the World Values Survey (WVS), finds that socio-economic status (levels of income and education) better explains the individual roots of Kurdish ethno-nationalism in Turkey than does religiousness. In this paper, I offer both a methodological critique of Sarigil's research and a replication of his model with a more appropriate sample. I first argue that Sarigil's research design lacks internal validity because it studies Kurdish nationalism within a sample that predominantly consists of Turks, which invalidates his findings. I then replicate and expand Sarigil's model within a specific sample of Kurdish-speaking people in Turkey. The results show dramatic changes. Religiosity and political satisfaction seem to be better predictors of support for Kurdish ethno-nationalism in Turkey than do socio-economic factors.