培菲康治疗溃疡性结肠炎22例临床疗效观察

本文报告培菲康治疗２２例溃疡性结肠炎（以下简称溃结）病人的临床疗效。资料显示，培菲康治疗后病人临床症状好转，治疗前后病人排便次数，粪常规检查的改善有极显著的统计学意义（Ｐ＜０．０１），大肠镜检所见也有明显好转。总有效率为７２．７％，几乎没有副作用。培菲康可试用于溃结病人，尤其是轻～中度溃结病人的治疗     

调整肠道菌群在对肝硬化大鼠肝组织学的影响

目的 观察益生菌制剂培菲康对肝硬化大鼠的防治效果,探讨其治疗肝病的机理。方法 采用CCL4复合因素法制造肝硬化模型,进行肠道菌群培养及肝组织学检查。结果 （1）治疗组G^-需氧杆菌数量明确低于模型组（P＜0．05）;（2）治疗组肝细胞变性坏死程度明显轻于C组;（3）电镜结果表明T组肠粘膜绒毛高度及上皮连接均好于C组,肝细胞器损伤轻于C组。结论 培菲康可调整菌群失调,减少G^-需氧杆菌的定值,改善肝脏及肠粘膜的组织形态,提示口服益生菌制剂可作为肝病患者安全常规的用药。     

乳果糖联合培菲康预防肝硬化自发性细菌性腹膜炎的疗效观察

目的 探讨乳果糖联合培菲康预防肝硬化自发性细菌性腹膜炎(SBP)的疗效.方法 选择肝硬化失代偿期患者186例,随机分为乳果糖与培菲康联合治疗组和常规抗生素治疗组各93例,住院期间同时予以护肝利尿及对症支持治疗,用药3个月进行观察,并采集腹水样本,采用ELISA方法进行TNF-α和IL-6的检测.结果 肝硬化患者应用乳果糖与培菲康联合治疗组SBP发生率为12.9％,而常规抗生素治疗组SBP发生率为21.5％,二者间比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).SBP发生患者腹水TNF-α的水平为(1650±126) pg/mL,而未发生SBP为(1312±289) pg/mL,两组间比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).SBP发生患者腹水IL-6的水平为(2566±138) pg/mL,而未发生SBP患者中为(924±251) pg/mL,两组间比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).结论 肝硬化患者应用乳果糖联合培菲康可显著降低SBP的发生率.腹水TNF-α和IL-6的水平可监测肝硬化患者SBP的发生.     

培菲康在儿童腹型过敏性紫癜中的应用

目的探讨活菌剂培菲康在腹型过敏性紫癜(HSP)治疗中的辅助作用。方法选择2004年8月至2006年1月,腹型HSP的住院患儿325例,其中男187例,女138例,年龄3～14岁,病程1～16 d。随机分为培菲康治疗组173例,对照组152例。2组病例在性别、年龄、病程长短及临床表现方面差异均无统计学意义。所有患儿入院后均予免动物蛋白流食或禁食。对照组给予维生素C、能量合剂、西米替丁及糖皮质激素等综合治疗,合并感染者给予抗生素、消化道出血的给予止血敏、维生素K1等。观察组在此基础上加用培菲康1袋,3次/d。用药1周后进行疗效判定。结果 2组患者治疗效果比较:总有效率培菲康治疗组为96.5%,对照组为91.4%,P<0.05。2组患者消化道症状消失时间比较:培菲康治疗组小于对照组,P<0.05。结论活菌剂培菲康对腹型HSP的治疗显示出了一定的疗效,临床证明培菲康可保护胃黏膜,防止胃肠道出血,减轻腹痛症状,从而可缩短病程,临床值得应用。其作用机制目前尚不明确,可能与其发挥免疫系统的调节作用有关。     

基于能量限制效应考察中药复方糖耐康干预db/db小鼠胰岛素抵抗作用机制

胰岛素抵抗(IR)是导致2型糖尿病和多种代谢性疾病发生发展的共同病理生理基础,通过模拟能量限制调控能量代谢网络已经成为防治IR相关疾病的研究热点.本课题组前期研究结果提示,中药复方糖耐康可能通过激活SIRT1-AMPK通路模拟能量限制效应改善IR.通过比较糖耐康和能量限制对自发性2型糖尿病db/db小鼠(Mus musculus)糖脂代谢、胰岛功能、线粒体功能和胰岛素敏感性的影响,进一步验证糖耐康是否可在整体和分子水平模拟能量限制效应进而干预IR.与对照组相比,糖耐康和能量限制均可相似地显著改善db/db小鼠口服葡萄糖耐量(OGTT)、降低空腹血胰岛素(FINS),升高胰岛素敏感指数(ISI).同时糖耐康和能量限制还可相似地升高糖负荷后30 min胰岛素分泌与血糖变化比值(?I30/?G30),降低肌肉TG含量,上调肌肉组织AMPK磷酸化水平以及SIRT1和PGC1?的蛋白表达水平,不同程度提高肌肉组织线粒体质量和数量.以上结果表明,糖耐康可显著改善db/db小鼠的糖代谢、胰岛功能、脂质异位沉积、线粒体功能和IR,激活肌组织AMPK/SIRT1/PGC1?信号通路,上调肌肉脂肪酸氧化相关基因表达,在整体效应和能量代谢转录调控方面具有能量限制拟似效应,进而从新的视角揭示了糖耐康干预IR的药效模式和分子机制.     

松树内含物与松墨天牛种群数量的关系

对不同林分松墨天牛种群密度进行解剖调查,黑松为32.63头/株,马尾松为16.69头/株,湿地松为12.44头/株,黑松与湿地松之间差异显著;对黑松、马尾松、湿地松枝条及韧皮部中蛋白质、可溶性糖、水分、N、P、K、S、Cl、Ca、Mg、Cu、Zn、Fe、Mn、16种游离氨基酸和16种水解氨基酸进行测定,并与黑松、马尾松、湿地松上的松墨天牛种群数量(y)之间关系进行数学分析。蛋白质(x1)、可溶性糖(x2)与y的关系为y=-44.07-1.5601x1+6.9355x2,复相关系数为0.8374*;游离氨基酸与y的关系为y=63.24-1.1775x5-0.0680x11+0.1665x12-0.1257x15,复相关系数为0.9999**。x5为甘氨酸、x11为酪氨酸、x12为苯丙氨酸、x15为脯氨酸;水解氨基酸与y的关系为y=37.59-0.1146x10-0.5741x11+0.0112x15+0.1468x16,复相关系数R为0.9955**,x11为酪氨酸、x15为脯氨酸、x16为精氨酸、x10为亮氨酸;矿质元素与y的关系为y=-67.94+409.4696x3+37.4746x6-1004.4480x7+4.2958x8,复相关系数R为0.9826*,x3为K、x6为Ca、x7为Mg、x8为Cu。综合分析14种入选的内含物与y的关系为y=19.94+0.0114x2+0.0457x4-0.5317x5+62.5214x9,复相关系数R为0.9966**,x2为水解酪氨酸、x4为水解脯氨酸、x5为游离酪氨酸、x9为K,综合分析表明水解和游离的酪氨酸、水解脯氨酸和K的含量对松墨天牛种群有重要影响。     

布依族体质特征研究

本文调查了布依族成年人494例(男为259例,女为235例)的体质特征,计算出58项测量项目的均值和标准差、31项指数值和9项观察项目的出现率,并与国内一些群体的体质特征进行了比较,得出布依族的体质特征为:上眼睑皱褶出现率高,男为95 .4%,女为97. 0%。蒙古褶出现率低,男为30. 5%,女为35. 3%。鼻根男多为中等型,女多为低型。鼻翼高度多为中等。多为圆形耳垂。发色多为黑色,眼色多为褐色。男性多为黄色肤色,女性多为浅黄色肤色。圆头型、高头型、阔头型、阔面型、中鼻型、中躯干型、中腿型、中胸型、宽肩型、宽骨盆型出现率最高。男身高均值为158. 6cm,女身高均值为149. 4cm。     

红楼复合保健早茶的工艺研制

依据红楼饮食,以大黄米、小米、糯米、燕麦、大豆等为主要原料,采用挤压膨化技术制作红楼复合保健早茶的生产工艺。通过正交试验确定最优三米（大黄米、小米、糯米）挤压膨化工艺参数为：米粉的比例为2∶1∶1、含水量为20%、转速为300r/min、温度为150℃,以此参数制得的复合膨化米粉的溶解性和口感最佳。依据感官质量作为评价指标,通过正交试验确定了红楼复合保健早茶的最佳配比为：复合膨化米粉为65%、燕麦为11%、豆粉为1.5%、糊精0.5%和混合料包为2%。红楼复合保健早茶有一定的营养保健功能,具有开发前景。     

HF-LPME-UHPLC-MS同时分析金银花中三种黄酮成分的含量

本文建立了金银花中芦丁、金丝桃苷和槲皮素的HF-LPME-UHPLC-MS检测方法.应用中空纤维液相微萃取技术作为前处理方法:聚丙烯中空纤维为支架,乙酸乙酯为有机溶剂,pH 3.0的KH2PO4溶液为给出相,pH 8.5的NaHCO3溶液为接收相,搅拌速度为1000 rpm,萃取时间为50 min.用UHPLC-MS作为检测手段,检测结果为:芦丁、金丝桃苷和槲皮素的线性范围分别为0.0227～1.195、0.0141 ～ 1.32、0.00832～1.649 μg/mL,平均回收率为别为95.34％、95.17％、99.83％,富集倍数为别为38、42、83,检测限分别为0.029、0.017、0.006μg/L.方法学验证结果表明该法灵敏、准确、提高了检测限和富集倍数,可用于检测金银花中的黄酮物质.     

仫佬族体质特征研究

本文调查了仫佬族成年人465例(男为232例,女为233例)的体质特征,计算出58项测量项目的均数和标准差、31项指数值和9项观察项目的出现率,并与国内的29群体的体质进行了比较,得出仫佬族的体质特征。仫佬族的体质特征为:上眼睑皱褶出现率较高,男为90.1%,女为91.4%。蒙古褶出现率,男为53.9%,女为53.2%。鼻根高度男低型率与中等型率接近、女多为低型。鼻翼高度多为中等。男以方型耳垂多见,女以圆型耳垂多见。发色多为黑色,眼色多为黑褐色。男性多为黄色肤色,女性多为浅黄色肤色。仫佬族男女均为中头型、高头型、狭头型、中鼻型、中腿型、中肩型、中骨盆型。男为狭面型、长躯干型、窄胸型。女为中面型、中躯干型、中胸型。男身高均数为1629.8mm,女身高均数为1514.3mm。仫佬族具有南方人群体质特征,其体质与阿昌、畲、回(海南)、黎族接近。     

Multiple asymmetry and concord resolutions of a conflict

A model for a population-game with multiple asymmetry is studied, in which the participants are assumed to be different from one another both in size and in status as owners or non-owners of a territory. Only owners can reproduce, hence natural selection is assumed to operate in favor of the increase of ownership-time. Conditions for the evolutionary stability of the Bourgeois Principle of owner-priority, despite difference in body size, are characterized. It is shown that ownership-priority tends to be at least partially replaced by strength-priority as the availability of habitats, the expected longevity of potential intruders and the harm inflicted on the loser of an aggressive confrontation decrease, and as the expected longevity of the owner increases. It is further established that the combined effect of all these parameters can be characterized by a single parameter, referred to as the concord coefficient of the population. Finally, when this parameter reaches a certain critical level, only strength-priority can prevail. If the concord coefficient decreases below this critical level, no priority-rule can remain stable in the population, in which case aggressive confrontations cannot be avoided, at least in certain situations. In this case, it is shown that aggression emerges first among low-rank individuals.     

Huxley's line demarcates extensive genetic divergence between eastern and western forms of the giant freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii

Phylogenetic analysis of representatives from 18 wild populations of the giant freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii, utilising a fragment of the 16S rRNA mitochondrial gene, identified two major reciprocally monophyletic clades either side of a well-known biogeographic barrier, Huxley's line. The level of divergence between the two clades (maximum 6.2%) far exceeds divergence levels within either clade (maximum 0.9%), and does not concord with geographical distance among sites. 'Eastern' and 'western' M. rosenbergii clades have probably been separated since Miocene times. Within-clade diversity appears to have been shaped by dispersal events influenced by eustatic change.     

部分葡萄品种和砧木抗葡萄根瘤蚜性能鉴定

为了检测我国葡萄品种和砧木对中国生态型葡萄根瘤蚜Daktulosphaira viticola (Fitch) 的抗性,在实验室条件下采用离体根接种法鉴定了10个葡萄砧木、18个葡萄栽培品种,测定了根瘤蚜存活率、发育历期、产卵量、种群龄期结构指数和成虫大小等指标。结果表明： 砧木品种SO4,5BB,1103P,420A,Lot,101-14MG,3309C,140Ru和110R抗根瘤蚜,接种后蚜虫陆续死亡,尤其是SO4,5BB,1103P和420A对根瘤蚜高抗,使根瘤蚜滞育仅发育至1龄。我国当作砧木使用的贝达不抗根瘤蚜,接种后蚜虫存活率始终保持在38.82％～47.5%,日产卵量达9.01;欧美杂交种中的康克、康拜尔和卡它巴对根瘤蚜稍有抗性,根瘤蚜日产卵量在6.00～6.85粒之间,其中康克、康拜尔葡萄上蚜虫的存活率随时间的延长而明显降低,由最初的60％下降至25％～30％; 欧美杂交种中的黑虎香和白香蕉虽然在一定程度上能够限制根瘤蚜的存活和发育进程,但对根瘤蚜的繁殖量没有影响。所有供试欧亚种和欧美杂交种的栽培品种都对根瘤蚜高度敏感,接种后第29 d 蚜虫存活率仍保持在40％～60％,且前后变化较小,日产卵量变化于7～12.35粒之间,总产卵量均在190粒以上。由此可见,我国供试栽培品种均不抗根瘤蚜,在根瘤蚜疫区需要用抗性砧木嫁接苗建园。     

Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Superoxide Dismutases: Studies on Adjuvant Induced Polyarthritis in Rats

The anti-arthritic activities of various superoxide dismutases and of liposomal bovine Cu-SOD have been compared in the adjuvant induced Lewis Inbred Rat model. Various approaches, including plethysmometric measurements, red cell sedimentation rates, while cell counts, levels of IgA and IgG immunoglobulins and scoring by visual, radiographic and scintigraphic techniques all concord in a demonstration of different activities for different SODs. The most efficient are liposomal bovine Cu-SOD and E. coli Mn-SOD, a moderate activity being shown by free bovine Cu-SOD. Poor or zero results are obtained with human Mn-SOD, human Cu-SOD or the homologous rat Cu-SOD.     

江西桃红岭自然保护区夏季梅花鹿对生境的选择性

2005年6-8月在江西桃红岭自然保护区对夏季梅花鹿的生境选择性进行了初步研究。结果表明：梅花鹿选择灌丛和灌草丛、郁闭度较低、灌木盖度较小、食物丰富度高、阴坡、中上坡位、坡度平缓、水源距离在100-400m、人为干扰距离〉800m和海拔高度〉300m的环境;对郁闭度〉80％和水源距离≤100m的环境表现为随机选择。     

A functional and morphological approach to evaluate the vertical migration of estuarine intertidal nematodes during a tidal cycle

We tested herein the hypothesis that exposure time significantly contributes to the vertical distribution profile of nematodes during a tidal cycle as a function of distinct feeding and locomotion behaviors, conditioned by body morphology. We showed that the vertical distribution profile of the slender with filiform tail, numerically dominant Terschellingia longicaudata is in fact significantly correlated with sediment changes induced by tidal variation. Conversely, none of the other nematode species showed unequivocal evidence of vertical migration. Horizontal spatial heterogeneity also influenced the vertical distribution of nematode associations, probably as a response to varying temperature and desiccation levels at the sediment surface. The resulting vertical profiles for individual or species groups are a trade-off among locomotory and feeding strategies and concordant morphological adaptations.     

Conditions Favorable for the Somatic Embryogenesis in Carrot Cell Culture Enhance Expression of the roIC Promoter-GUS Fusion Gene

We obtained carrot (Daucus carota) cells possessing the 5′-noncoding sequence of the ORF12 gene (roIC) of TL-DNA of the Ri plasmid and a structural gene of bacterial β-glucuronidase by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. When such cells were cultured in medium containing 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, substantial reduction in β-glucuronidase activity was observed. Upon transferring the cells from a 2,4-D-containing medium to one devoid of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, enhanced expression of β-glucuronidase in somatic embryo development was recorded. Activation by gibberillic acid and suppression by abscisic acid of β-glucuronidase activities, in concord with embryogenesis, were also noted.     

The effect of phenobarbital, ionol and cAMP on the activity of glutathione metabolism enzymes in rodents

The phenobarbital and ionol administration to rats and mice increases considerably the glutathione transferase, glutathione reductase and gamma-glutamyl transferase activities in the liver. The induction of these enzymes has been observed in a number of experiments in the heart and kidney but it was less pronounced. A correlation was established between the induction of glutathione transferase, glutathione reductase and gamma-glutamyl transferase, their changes in mice and rats, phenobarbital and ionol effects. The stimulatory effect of cAMP on glutathione transferase in the liver (and in a number of experiments in the heart) increased against a background of the both agents. The cAMP-dependent activation of glutathione peroxidase was retained in the heart but in some series experiments it disappeared in the liver and kidney. Mechanisms of the long-term (induction) and short-term (cAMP) elevation of the glutathione transferase and glutathione peroxidase activities functioned independently and often in concord. It is suggested that induction of glutathione metabolism enzymes may play an important role in biological effects of ionol.     

A novel method of mouse ex utero transplantation of hepatic progenitor cells into the fetal liver

Avoiding the limitations of the adult liver niche, transplantation of hepatic stem/progenitor cells into fetal liver is desirable to analyze immature cells in a hepatic developmental environment. Here, we established a new monitor tool for cell fate of hepatic progenitor cells transplanted into the mouse fetal liver by using ex utero surgery. When embryonic day (ED) 14.5 hepatoblasts were injected into the ED14.5 fetal liver, the transplanted cells expressed albumin abundantly or α-fetoprotein weakly, and contained glycogen in the neonatal liver, indicating that transplanted hepatoblasts can proliferate and differentiate in concord with surrounding recipient parenchymal cells. The transplanted cells became mature in the liver of 6-week-old mice. Furthermore, this method was applicable to transplantation of hepatoblast-like cells derived from mouse embryonic stem cells. These data indicate that this unique technique will provide a new in vivo experimental system for studying cell fate of hepatic stem/progenitor cells and liver organogenesis.