耐盐碱细菌DQSA1的分离鉴定及盐碱胁迫下对绿豆的促生作用

【背景】近年来,大庆地区土壤盐碱化程度逐渐加剧,而微生物改良盐碱土是当今的研究热点。【目的】从大庆盐碱土中筛选出耐盐碱菌株,验证其促生作用,为改良大庆盐碱土壤提供微生物资源。【方法】采用筛选培养基从大庆盐碱土中获得耐盐碱促生菌,对其进行形态学观察、生理生化和16S rRNA基因鉴定,并测试菌株在盐碱胁迫下对绿豆植株和土壤细菌群落结构的影响。【结果】筛选得到一株耐盐碱促生菌DQSA1,具有固氮、产ACC脱氨酶、产铁载体、产吲哚乙酸(Indole-3-Acetic Acid,IAA)功能;通过生理生化鉴定和系统发育分析,判定该菌株为卓贝尔氏菌属(Zobellella)。在盐碱土中种植绿豆后接种菌株DQSA1,处理后的绿豆较对照相比根系鲜重、根系干重及叶绿素含量分别增加了33%、32%和79%;植株叶部可溶性糖、脯氨酸和可溶性蛋白含量分别升高了10%、80%和73%;根系的脯氨酸及可溶性蛋白含量分别增加了78%和44%。对种植绿豆的土壤细菌进行高通量测序,发现菌株DQSA1可以在盐碱环境下定殖并促进根瘤菌和鞘氨醇杆菌等有益菌的生长。【结论】菌株DQSA1可以在盐碱条件下调节土壤细菌群落结构并促进植物生长,为改良盐碱土地提供了有效的微生物资源。     

Bacterial Biosynthesis of 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-Carboxylate (ACC) Deaminase and Indole-3-Acetic Acid (IAA) as Endophytic Preferential Selection Traits by Rice Plant Seedlings

In this study, bacteria were isolated from the rhizosphere and inside the roots and nodules of berseem clover plants grown in the field in Iran. Two hundred isolates were obtained from the rhizosphere (120 isolates), interior roots (57 isolates), and nodules (23 isolates) of clover plants grown in rotation with rice plants. Production of chitinase, pectinase, cellulase, siderophore, salicylic acid, hydrogen cyanide, indole acetic acid (IAA), 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase, solubilization of phosphate, antifungal activity against various rice plant pathogen fungi, N₂ fixation, and colonization assay on rice seedlings by these strains was evaluated and compared (endophytic isolates vs. rhizosphere bacteria). The results showed both the number and the ability of plant growth-promoting (PGP) traits were different between endophytic and rhizosphere isolates. A higher percentage of endophytic isolates were positive for production of IAA, ACC deaminase, and siderophore than rhizosphere isolates. Therefore, it is suggested that clover plant may shape its own associated microbial community and act as filters for endophyte communities, and rhizosphere isolates with different (PGP) traits. We also studied the PGP effect of the most promising endophytic and rhizosphere isolates on rice seedlings. A significant relationship among IAA and ACC deaminase production, the size of root colonization, and plant growth (root elongation) in comparison with siderophore production and phosphate solubilization for the isolates was observed. The best bacterial isolates (one endophytic isolate and one rhizosphere isolate), based on their ability to promote rice growth and colonize rice roots, were identified. Based on 16S rDNA sequence analysis, the endophytic isolate CEN7 and the rhizosphere isolate CEN8 were closely related to Pseudomonas putida and Pseudomonas fluorescens, respectively. It seems that PGP trait production (such as IAA, ACC deaminase) may be required for endophytic and rhizosphere competence as compared to other PGP traits in rice seedlings under constant flooded conditions. The study also shows that the presence of diverse rhizobacteria with effective growth-promoting traits associated with clover plants may be used for sustainable crop management under field conditions.     

柽柳根际一株盐单胞菌Bachu 26的分离、鉴定及其盐胁迫下的促生作用研究

盐渍化是世界性的土壤问题,植物促生根际细菌(plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria,PGPR)在盐碱地改良和促进植物生长方面具有独特优势。柽柳是典型的盐生植物,筛选其根际微生物并研究其促生效果与促生机制,以此开发微生物菌肥,具有重要的应用价值。【目的】筛选耐盐碱植物柽柳的根际微生物,对其基本特性、耐盐碱能力、促生功能及促生效果进行评估。【方法】从新疆巴楚境内野生柽柳根际土壤中筛选出一株耐盐碱细菌菌株Bachu 26;通过形态学观察、生理生化特性测定和16S rRNA基因序列分析,对该菌株进行鉴定;利用不同盐浓度(0%–20%)和不同pH(7.0–13.0),对菌株Bachu 26的耐盐耐碱能力进行测定;采用多种功能鉴定培养基测定其促生功能,并对生长素吲哚乙酸(indole-3-acetic acid, IAA)进行定量测定;通过二分格培养皿实验验证菌株产生挥发性酸性物质的能力;在普通培养皿上将拟南芥幼苗与菌株Bachu 26共培养,分析菌株对拟南芥幼苗的促生作用;在二分格培养皿上将拟南芥与Bachu 26隔离培养,分析菌株产生的挥发性酸性物质对拟南芥幼...     

旱区盐生植物根际促生菌的分离鉴定及其干旱、盐胁迫下促生特性北大核心

【目的】从在干旱、高盐碱生境下生长的盐生杂类草根际土壤中分离具有耐盐和促生性能的根际微生物,并研究其促生特性,为改良旱区土壤盐碱化提供优质菌种资源和理论基础。【方法】通过选择培养基筛选具有耐盐、解磷和解钾能力的菌株,再检测菌株产生长激素(indole-3-acetic acid,IAA)、产1-氨基环丙烷-1-羧酸(1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate,ACC)脱氨酶、产铁载体以及产胞外多糖的能力,选择性状优良者通过拮抗实验组建复合菌剂。并采用菌液侵染萝卜和玉米种子验证菌株对在盐胁迫下种子发芽率和植株在干旱与盐双重胁迫下生长的影响。最后通过16S rRNA基因测序进行分子生物学鉴定。【结果】得到3株具有良好耐盐促生能力的根际微生物yl923、hs032和hy127,菌株yl923兼具解磷(46.29 mg/L)、解钾(58.07 mg/L)、产IAA(29.23 mg/L)、产ACC脱氨酶(13.83 U/mg)和产铁载体(SU=0.43)能力,菌株hs032具有最强产IAA(61.18mg/L)和产铁载体(SU=0.23)能力,菌株hy127具有最强产ACC脱氨酶(15.29U/mg)能力。经16SrRNA基因序列分析后分别将yl923和hs032鉴定为枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis),hy127鉴定为巨大普里斯特氏菌(Priestia megaterium)。3株菌互不拮抗可组建复合菌剂,2%混合菌液可提高种子在盐胁迫下种子发芽率(77%),对干旱和盐胁迫下玉米的根长、株高、干重和叶绿素也都有显著的提高(P<0.05),并且可以显著地降低玉米体内丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)含量(60%)。【结论】菌株yl923、hs032和hy127具有优秀的耐盐促生性能,组合成的混合菌剂能在干旱和盐胁迫下促进植物的生长,具有改良旱区盐渍化土壤的潜力。     

Isolation and Characterization of Mutants of the Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacterium Pseudomonas putida GR12-2 That Overproduce Indoleacetic Acid

Following transposon Tn5 mutagenesis of the plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium Pseudomonas putida GR12-2, mutants that were able to grow in the presence of the tryptophan analog 5-fluorotryptophan were selected. Seven of the 50 5-fluorotryptophan-resistant mutants overproduced the phytohormone indoleacetic acid (IAA). Of these seven mutants, the highest level of IAA was observed with strain P. putida GR12-2/aux1, which produced four times the amount of indoleacetic acid synthesized by the wild-type strain. Strain P. putida GR12-2/aux1, in contrast to the wild type, lost the ability to stimulate the elongation of the roots of canola seedlings under gnotobiotic conditions. The growth rate, siderophore production, and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase activity of mutant strain P. putida GR12-2/aux1 were identical to those of the wild-type strain. The role of IAA in the mechanism of plant growth stimulation by P. putida GR12-2 and other plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria is discussed.     

一株连香树根际促生细菌LWK2的分离鉴定及其全基因组序列分析

【背景】植物根际促生细菌是一类位于植物根际并能对植物生长产生促进作用的有益菌,在微生物肥料领域具有重要的应用价值。【目的】对濒危植物连香树根际的植物根际促生细菌进行分离筛选和连香树接种效应评价,挑选对连香树生长促进作用最为显著的菌种进行促生特性分析、菌种鉴定及全基因组序列测定与促生相关基因分析。【方法】利用相应筛选培养基对连香树根际土壤中解有机磷、溶无机磷和解钾细菌进行分离筛选,通过根际接种验证各菌株对连香树实生苗的促生能力。从中选取促生作用最为显著的细菌,进行解钾能力、产吲哚乙酸(indole-3-acetic acid,IAA)和1-氨基环丙烷-1-羧酸(1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate,ACC)脱氨酶能力测定。利用菌体形态观察、16S rRNA基因序列分析及全基因组序列的平均核苷酸一致性比对进行菌种鉴定。最后利用基因组功能注释和比较基因组学分析对该菌株中的植物促生及重金属抗性相关基因进行解析。【结果】从连香树根际土壤中共筛选得到3株解有机磷细菌、2株溶无机磷细菌和2株解钾细菌,其中解钾细菌LWK2对连香树实生苗的生长促进作用最为显著。该菌株能够产...     

Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria Enhance Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Solanum tuberosum Through Inducing Changes in the Expression of ROS-Scavenging Enzymes and Improved Photosynthetic Performance

In this report we address the changes in the expression of the genes involved in ROS scavenging and ethylene biosynthesis induced by the inoculation of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) isolated from potato rhizosphere. The two Bacillus isolates used in this investigation had earlier demonstrated a striking influence on potato tuberization. These isolates showed enhanced 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid deaminase activity, phosphate solubilization, and siderophore production. Potato plants inoculated with these PGPR isolates were subjected to salt, drought, and heavy-metal stresses. The enhanced mRNA expression levels of the various ROS-scavenging enzymes and higher proline content in tubers induced by PGPR-treated plants contributed to increased plant tolerance to these abiotic stresses. Furthermore, the photosynthetic performance indices of PGPR-inoculated plants clearly exhibited a positive influence of these bacterial strains on the PSII photochemistry of the plants. Overall, these results suggest that the PGPR isolates used in this study are able to confer abiotic stress tolerance in potato plants.     

Native rhizobia from Zn mining soil promote the growth of Leucaena leucocephala on contaminated soil

Plants on contaminated mining soils often show a reduced growth due to nutrient depletion as well as trace elements (TEs) toxicity. Since those conditions threat plant's survival, plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPRs), such as rhizobia, might be of crucial importance for plant colonization on TE-contaminated soils. Native rhizobia from mining soils are promising candidates for bioaugmented phytoremediation of those soils as they are adapted to the specific conditions. In this work, rhizobia from Zn- and Cd-contaminated mining soils were in vitro screened for their PGP features [organic acids, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), and siderophore (SID) production; 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase activity; and Ca₃(PO₄)₂ solubilization] and Zn and Cd tolerance. In addition, some type and reference rhizobia strains were included in the study as well. The in vitro screening indicated that rhizobia and other native genera have great potential for phytoremediation purposes, by exerting, besides biological N₂ fixation, other plant growth-promoting traits. Leucaena leucocephala–Mesorhizobium sp. (UFLA 01-765) showed multielement tolerance and an efficient symbiosis on contaminated soil, decreasing the activities of antioxidative enzymes in shoots. This symbiosis is a promising combination for phytostabilization.     

Indole acetic acid overproduction transformants of the rhizobacterium <Emphasis Type="Italic">Pseudomonas</Emphasis> sp. UW4

The plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium Pseudomonas sp. UW4 was transformed to increase the biosynthesis of the auxin, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). Four native IAA biosynthesis genes from strain UW4 were individually cloned into an expression vector and introduced back into the wild-type strain. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed that the introduced genes ami, nit, nthAB and phe were all overexpressed in these transformants. A significant increase in the production of IAA was observed for all modified strains. Canola plants inoculated with the modified strains showed enhanced root elongation under gnotobiotic conditions. The growth rate and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase activity of transformant strains was lower compared to the wild-type. The indoleacetic acid biosynthesis pathways and the role of this phytohormone in the mechanism of plant growth stimulation by Pseudomonas sp. UW4 is discussed.     

滨海盐渍土野大豆根瘤菌分离筛选及其在大豆中的应用

【目的】了解盐渍土野大豆根瘤菌的多样性，筛选具有耐盐促生作用的菌株，为栽培大豆耐盐菌剂的开发提供菌种资源。【方法】采用传统培养方法从滨海盐渍土野大豆中分离根瘤菌，评价菌株的促生特性，并验证其对野大豆和栽培大豆的促生效果。【结果】从野大豆根和根瘤样品中分离出87株根瘤菌，主要为中华根瘤菌属(Sinorhizobium)、根瘤菌属(Rhizobium)和慢生根瘤菌属(Bradyrhizobium)。测定了24株代表性菌株的促生特性，发现有16株根瘤菌具有产吲哚-3-乙酸(indole-3-acetic acid, IAA)能力，6株能够产生1-氨基环丙烷-1-羧酸(1-amino-cyclopropane-1- carboxylic, ACC)脱氨酶，16株具有溶磷活性，6株能够产生铁载体。根据以上促生特性，选择了11株优良根瘤菌进行野大豆促生和结瘤能力评价，发现美洲中华根瘤菌(Sinorhizobium americanus) DL3的性能优于其他菌株。最后，通过盆栽试验检测了菌株DL3对野大豆和栽培大豆耐盐能力的影响，发现菌株DL3在盐胁迫下能促进野大豆和大豆的生长，同时，降低了叶片脯氨酸水平，缓解了植物的盐胁迫程度。【结论】菌株DL3在提高植物耐盐性方面具有一定的作用，对实现大豆的盐碱地种植具有重要的理论意义和实践价值。     

5株耐盐碱促生细菌的筛选鉴定及其对红小豆的促生作用

[背景]黑龙江省大庆市地处松嫩平原,土地盐碱化程度较重.盐碱土中含有大量的耐盐碱菌株,其中部分具有特殊的促生功能,可以作为有益促生菌促进植物生长,提高植物对盐碱的抗性.[目的]有效解决土地盐碱化问题,提高粮食作物产量.[方法]采集大庆地区的盐碱土壤为实验材料,在NaHCO3终浓度为50 mmol/L、pH 9.0的条件...     

Evaluating the biochemical traits of novel Trichoderma-based biofilms for use as plant growth-promoting inoculants

Bacteria-mediated plant growth promotion is a well-established and complex phenomenon that is often achieved by the activities of more than one plant growth-promoting (PGP) trait, which may not always be present in a single organism. Biofilms developed using a combination of two organisms with useful plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) traits may provide a definite advantage. In this context, in vitro studies were conducted evaluating the PGP traits of novel biofilms developed using Trichoderma as matrix and agriculturally important bacteria (Azotobacter chroococcum, Pseudomonas fluorescens and Bacillus subtilis) as partners. Such biofilms exhibited higher values for various biochemical attributes as compared to the individual organisms and dual cultures. Trichoderma–Bacillus and Trichoderma–Pseudomonas biofilms exhibited enhanced antifungal activity, ammonia, indole acetic acid (IAA) and siderophore production, as compared to the other treatments. Trichoderma–Azotobacter biofilm recorded the highest nitrogenase activity and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic (ACC) deaminase activity. The synergism in terms of the PGP traits in the biofilms revealed their promise as superior PGP inoculants.     

Detection and Characterization of ACC Deaminase in Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria

The enzyme 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase converts ACC, the precursor of the plant hormone ethylene to α-ketobutyrate and ammonium. The enzyme has been identified in few soil bacteria, and is proposed to play a key role in plant growth promotion. In this study, the isolates of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria were screened for ACC deaminase activity based on their ability to grow on ACC as a sole nitrogen source. The selected isolates showed the presence of other plant growth promoting characteristics such as IAA production, phosphate solubilization and siderophore production. The role of ACC deaminase in lowering ethylene production under cadmium stress condition was also studied by measuring in vitro ethylene evolution by wheat seedlings treated with ACC deaminase positive isolates. Nucleic acid hybridization confirmed the presence of ACC deaminase gene (acdS) in the bacterial isolates.     

一株海洋放线菌的鉴定及其促生作用机理

【背景】海洋放线菌BM-2是本实验室从连云港海域分离得到的一株具有抗菌和促生作用的优良菌株,具有良好的开发应用前景。【目的】明确海洋放线菌BM-2的分类地位,揭示该菌株的促生作用机理,为菌株的开发应用提供理论依据。【方法】通过形态观察、生理生化特性和16S rRNA基因序列分析,对海洋放线菌BM-2菌株进行种属鉴定;采用透明圈法、平板划线法测定BM-2菌株解磷、解钾作用、固氮作用和产植酸酶、1-氨基环丙烷-1-羧基(1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate,ACC)脱氨酶的能力;运用沙尔科夫斯基反应(Salkowski法)和铬天青(chromeazurol S,CAS)法分别测定菌株产吲哚乙酸(indole acetic acid,IAA)和产铁载体的能力。【结果】培养特征、菌落形态观察及生理生化试验结果表明,BM-2菌株符合链霉菌属(Streptomyces)的特征,16SrRNA基因序列与GenBank中栗褐链霉菌(Streptomycesbadius)的序列相似性为99.72%;BM-2菌株具有固氮和解有机磷活性,能够产生ACC脱氨酶、铁载体和IAA。【...     

Bioprospecting of Plant Growth Promoting Bacilli and Related Genera Prevalent in Soils of Pristine Sacred Groves: Biochemical and Molecular Approach

Bacillus spp. and related genera native to soils of the pristine sacred groves from Meghalaya, India were characterized using biochemical and 16S rRNA gene analysis which revealed dominance of Bacillus, Paenibacillus, Lysinibacillus and Viridibacillus in the groves. Biochemical estimation was carried out for in vitro testing of plant growth promoting traits present in these isolates. PCR screening were performed for plant growth-promoting related genes involved in the biosynthesis of acid phosphatase (AcPho), indolepyruvate decarboxylase (ipdC), 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase (accd) and siderophore biosynthesis protein (asbA). 76% of the sacred grove isolates gave an amplified fragment for AcPho. Three of the isolates gave an amplified fragment for IpdC gene. Apart from 2 isolates, all the other isolates including the reference strains were positive for the amplification of the accd gene indicating their potential to produce ACC deaminase enzyme. 42% of the isolates gave an amplified fragment for asbA gene indicating the potential ability of these isolates to produce the catechol type siderophore, petrobactin. Overall findings indicated multiple PGP genetic traits present in these isolates which suggested that these isolates are capable of expressing multiple PGP traits. Phylogenetic and sequence analysis of accd and asbA genes from the isolates revealed that asbA genes from Paenibacillus taichungiensis SG3 and Paenibacillus tylopili SG24 indicated the occurrence of intergeneric horizontal transfer between Paenibacillus and Bacillus.     

Beneficial Bacteria Isolated from Grapevine Inner Tissues Shape Arabidopsis thaliana Roots

We investigated the potential plant growth-promoting traits of 377 culturable endophytic bacteria, isolated from Vitis vinifera cv. Glera, as good biofertilizer candidates in vineyard management. Endophyte ability in promoting plant growth was assessed in vitro by testing ammonia production, phosphate solubilization, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and IAA-like molecule biosynthesis, siderophore and lytic enzyme secretion. Many of the isolates were able to mobilize phosphate (33%), release ammonium (39%), secrete siderophores (38%) and a limited part of them synthetized IAA and IAA-like molecules (5%). Effects of each of the 377 grapevine beneficial bacteria on Arabidopsis thaliana root development were also analyzed to discern plant growth-promoting abilities (PGP) of the different strains, that often exhibit more than one PGP trait. A supervised model-based clustering analysis highlighted six different classes of PGP effects on root architecture. A. thaliana DR5::GUS plantlets, inoculated with IAA-producing endophytes, resulted in altered root growth and enhanced auxin response. Overall, the results indicate that the Glera PGP endospheric culturable microbiome could contribute, by structural root changes, to obtain water and nutrients increasing plant adaptation and survival. From the complete cultivable collection, twelve promising endophytes mainly belonging to the Bacillus but also to Micrococcus and Pantoea genera, were selected for further investigations in the grapevine host plants towards future application in sustainable management of vineyards.     

石油污染土壤中植物根际促生菌的筛选及特性分析

以1-氨基环丙烷-1-羧酸(ACC)为唯一氮源,从黑龙江省大庆地区石油污染土壤的狼尾草根际土壤中分离筛选出2株产ACC脱氨酶的细菌,F4-1和F4-2。对分离的菌株进行生理生化和16S rDNA序列鉴定,确定F4-1为肠杆菌属(Enterobactersp.),F4-2为克雷伯菌属(Klebsiellasp.)。菌株F4-1的ACC脱氨酶活性为(1.40±0.17)μmolα-KA.(mg Pr.h)-1,高于F4-2的(1.03±0.03)μmolα-KA.(mg Pr.h)-1。随着L-Trp浓度的增加,菌株F4-1和F4-2的吲哚乙酸(IAA)合成量相应增加,总体上看F4-1的IAA合成能力高于F4-2。F4-1合成嗜铁素的能力也高于F4-2。     

Identification of a major QTL allele from wild soybean (Glycine soja Sieb. & Zucc.) for increasing alkaline salt tolerance in soybean

Salt-affected soils are generally classified into two main categories, sodic (alkaline) and saline. Our previous studies showed that the wild soybean accession JWS156-1 (Glycine soja) from the Kinki area of Japan was tolerant to NaCl salt, and the quantitative trait locus (QTL) for NaCl salt tolerance was located on soybean linkage group N (chromosome 3). Further investigation revealed that the wild soybean accession JWS156-1 also had a higher tolerance to alkaline salt stress. In the present study, an F₆ recombinant inbred line mapping population (n = 112) and an F₂ population (n = 149) derived from crosses between a cultivated soybean cultivar Jackson and JWS156-1 were used to identify QTL for alkaline salt tolerance in soybean. Evaluation of soybean alkaline salt tolerance was carried out based on salt tolerance rating (STR) and leaf chlorophyll content (SPAD value) after treatment with 180 mM NaHCO₃ for about 3 weeks under greenhouse conditions. In both populations, a significant QTL for alkaline salt tolerance was detected on the molecular linkage group D2 (chromosome 17), which accounted for 50.2 and 13.0% of the total variation for STR in the F₆ and the F₂ populations, respectively. The wild soybean contributed to the tolerance allele in the progenies. Our results suggest that QTL for alkaline salt tolerance is different from the QTL for NaCl salt tolerance found previously in this wild soybean genotype. The DNA markers closely associated with the QTLs might be useful for marker-assisted selection to pyramid tolerance genes in soybean for both alkaline and saline stresses.     

耐镉促生菌株的分离鉴定及对大豆的促生效应

【背景】华南地区镉（Cd）污染严重,与有益微生物共生能够使作物通过直接或间接的机制解除镉毒,提高抗逆性,进而促进生长。耐镉促生菌剂具有广泛的应用前景。【目的】从华南地区受镉污染植株的根内和根际筛选出耐镉且能促进大豆生长的促生菌,以丰富促进田间大豆生产的优异菌种资源。【方法】采用平板划线法从植株的根内或根际分离菌株,通过生理生化特性和16S rRNA基因序列分析对分离菌株进行初步研究,利用盆栽试验探究镉胁迫下菌株对大豆生长的影响,通过测定丙二醛含量和总抗氧化能力探究菌株的耐镉机制。【结果】分离获得4株菌D1、D2、D3和D4,促生特性试验证明4株菌均具有溶磷、产吲哚乙酸和铁载体的能力。经16S rRNA基因序列分析鉴定,D1、D2、D3和D4菌株分别属于不动杆菌属、微小杆菌属、类芽孢杆菌属和普罗威登斯菌属。用这4株菌进行不同镉处理的大豆（巴西10号）盆栽试验,结果表明,4株菌均具有耐镉和促进大豆生长的作用。不添加镉的条件下,大豆接种D4菌株的地上部干重、根部干重和株高分别增加了28%、35%和31%;在添加20mg/kg-CdCl₂·5/2H₂...     

Culturable Heavy Metal-Resistant and Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria in V-Ti Magnetite Mine Tailing Soil from Panzhihua,China

To provide a basis for using indigenous bacteria for bioremediation of heavy metal contaminated soil, the heavy metal resistance and plant growth-promoting activity of 136 isolates from V-Ti magnetite mine tailing soil were systematically analyzed. Among the 13 identified bacterial genera, the most abundant genus was Bacillus (79 isolates) out of which 32 represented B. subtilis and 14 B. pumilus, followed by Rhizobium sp. (29 isolates) and Ochrobactrum intermedium (13 isolates). Altogether 93 isolates tolerated the highest concentration (1000 mg kg⁻¹) of at least one of the six tested heavy metals. Five strains were tolerant against all the tested heavy metals, 71 strains tolerated 1,000 mg kg⁻¹ cadmium whereas only one strain tolerated 1,000 mg kg⁻¹ cobalt. Altogether 67% of the bacteria produced indoleacetic acid (IAA), a plant growth-promoting phytohormone. The concentration of IAA produced by 53 isolates was higher than 20 µg ml⁻¹. In total 21% of the bacteria produced siderophore (5.50–167.67 µg ml⁻¹) with two Bacillus sp. producing more than 100 µg ml⁻¹. Eighteen isolates produced both IAA and siderophore. The results suggested that the indigenous bacteria in the soil have beneficial characteristics for remediating the contaminated mine tailing soil.