泛喜马拉雅地区党参属六个新种和一个新亚种

描述了在泛喜马拉雅地区发现的党参属六个新种和一个新亚种。Codonopsis campanulata和C．reflexa 分布于尼泊尔,C．bomiensis发现于西藏的波密和米林,其余都产自四川西部。六个新种均附有精美的线条图。     

Two New Species of Codonopsis From China

Two new species of Codonopsis, namely C. parvitubulosa Z. T. Wanget G. J. Xu and C. retroserrata Z. T. Wang et G. J. Xu are described     

Codonopsis draco Ramp. (桔梗科) 的身份鉴定，特别提及它的濒危状态

Pampanini于1910年发表了桔梗科采自湖北西部的一个新种Codonopsis draco。此后100年无人提起它。最近作者在进行党参属及其近缘类群的专著研究中发现它就是1984年发表的刺萼参Echinocodon lobophyllus DY. Hong, 也采自湖北西部。本文作了新组合。刺萼参在湖北郧西的分布点已经消失,至今仅知道陕西东南部两个地点有少量植株,可见刺萼参已处于濒危状态。因为它是单种属,对其保护应予特别关注。     

几种党参属植物及其近缘种花粉形态的比较

对6种桔梗科（党参属Codonopsis4个种以及桔梗属Platycodon和风铃草属Campanula各1种）花粉进行了光镜及扫描电镜的观察比较,发现党参属不同种花粉的形态特征很不相同,易于区别,如党参花粉极面观多为7裂圆形,外壁形面具乳突状的短刺,川党参花粉极面观圆形,刺在沟的两旁排成两列,小花党参花粉极面观近圆形至7裂圆形,外壁表面的刺比其它种的都大,鸡蛋参花粉外壁表面的刺柔软而稍为弯曲,其长度为上述各种刺的数倍,桔梗属和风铃草属花粉与党参属花粉的差异更大,桔梗属花粉粒扁球形,极面观五角形,少数四或六角形,风铃草属花粉粒更为特殊,极面观近圆三角形,具3孔,花粉外壁的刺不仅锐利而且很粗,花粉形态在党参属不同种间以及党参属与桔梗属和风铃草属之间的差异为其分类学提供了进一步的孢粉学资料。     

Pollen Morphology of the Platycodonoid Group (Campanulaceae s. str.) and Its Systematic Implications

In this study, we examined the pollen morphology of the platycodonoid group in Campanulaceae s. str. using a scanning electronic microscope. We used pollen grains of 25 accessions representing 24 species of the Codonopsis complex (including Campanumoea, Cyclocodon, Leptocodon, and all three subgenera of Codonopsis), which is extremely controversial among authors for taxonomic treatment. Pollen morphology of all the other genera in the group observed by previous authors is taken into account in our discussion. A total of nine pollen types with two subtypes in the group were recognized and named for the first time. Molecular and morphological data imply that each pollen type corresponds to a natural group at generic level, and thus the mergence of Leptocodon with Codonopsis and the restoration of Cyclocodon as a separate genus are justifiable, and Codonopsis subg. Pseudocodonopsis, subg. Obconicicapsula, and two species of Codonopsis subg. Codonopsis (C. purpurea and C. chimiliensis) may be better classified as three independent genera separate from the core Codonopsis.     

中药党参类对动物耐疲劳及抗缺氧作用的影响

作者对14个不同种类、不同产地的党参样品水煎液的抗疲劳及耐缺氧作用进行了试验研究,并与党参粗多糖、人参水煎液、人参皂甙进行了比较。党参类具有耐疲劳作用,可增加动物负重游泳时间,党参水煎液与人参皂甙无明显差异,有的甚至优于人参皂甙。党参水煎液腹腔注射可使缺氧小鼠存活时间显著延长,与人参相比无明显差异。     

党参类多糖比色法含量测定

党参的主要成分是糖类,传统经验认为,党参“味甜者佳”,其品质好坏,多以含糖量来衡量。药理研究表明,党参的升血糖作用是其所含糖分所致。刘中煜等曾对5种党参中单糖含量进行了测定,但其多糖含量测定尚无报道。本文采用苯酚一硫酸比色法对党参类多糖含量进行了测定。     

Clematis flavidonitida,a New Species of Ranunculaceae from Mexico

A species of the genus Clematis, Cflavidonitida, belonging to Sect. Aspidanthera subsect. Dioicae, is described as new from Mexico. The morphological differences between it and its close ally, Cgrossa, are discussed.     

黄绒铁线莲，墨西哥毛茛科一新种

描述了自墨西哥发现的一个属于铁线莲属单性铁线莲组新种,黄绒铁线莲,并给出了与近缘种硕齿铁线莲的区别特征。     

新疆党参的花部综合征与次级花粉呈现

次级花粉呈现是植物提高花粉输出和接受的效率与准确性以及促进异交的一种繁殖策略.新疆党参(Codonopsis clematidea)具有典型的次级花粉呈现特性.本文采用野外观测、授粉实验与室内显微观测等方法,对该物种的花部综合征及其次级花粉呈现过程进行了详细观测,并对这些特征的适应意义进行了探讨.结果表明:新疆党参钟状下垂的蓝色花冠及黑黄色蜜腺,不仅避免了雨水冲刷雌雄蕊、稀释花蜜以及风移出花粉等不利影响,还增加了对传粉者的吸引,延长了花粉活力及柱头可授性持续时间.次级花粉呈现属于亚顶端花柱呈现者,呈现机制为沉积机制.该特性限制了单个传粉者带走的花粉量,延长了花粉呈现时间,使更多传粉者参与传粉过程,增加了雄性适合度.其雄性先熟及雌雄蕊空间位置变化,避免了雌雄功能干扰,为传粉者取食花蜜、输出花粉以及柱头接受异源花粉提供了通道和机会.其泛化传粉系统的主要传粉昆虫为林野熊蜂(Bombus silvarum)、草地熊蜂(B.paradoxus)和树长黄胡蜂(Dolichovespula sylvestris),其较长的单花花期(6 d左右),昆虫访花高峰期与花粉活力最高时期及柱头最佳授粉期相吻合,以及较大的泌蜜量、较高的花蜜糖浓度和较长的泌蜜时间等特征,可提高传粉者的访花频率,增加成功传粉的机会和传粉效率.在气候多变的天山山区,该物种特殊的花部综合征和次级花粉呈现机制对提高其传粉效率并促进异交繁殖成功具有重要意义.     

党参属药用植物研究状况

本文介绍了近年来党参属药用植物化学成分的研究状况及党参的药理作用,对党参的开发利用提出了建议。     

错那唐松草，西藏毛茛科一新种

本文描述了发现自西藏毛茛科唐松草属的一新种,错那唐松草,并给出其与近缘种的区别特征。     

New Species of Meconopsis (Papaveraceae) from Mianning,Southwestern Sichuan

Two new species of Meconopsis, Mpulchella and Mheterandra are described and characterized. Differences with similar species are discussed and photos showing the diagnostic features are provided.     

A New Species of the Genus Clematis (Ranunculaceae)from Yunnan,China

A species of the genus Clematis (Ranunculaceae), Cmaguanensis, is described as new from Yunnan Province, China, and the diagnostic differences between it and its putative close ally are given.     

马关铁线莲,云南毛茛科一新种（英文）

描述了自云南发现的毛茛科铁线莲属一新种——马关铁线莲,并给出其与近缘种的区别特征。     

New Species of Meconopsis (Papaveraceae) from Mianning,Southwestern Sichuan

Two new species of Meconopsis, Mpulchella and Mheterandra are described and characterized. Differences with similar species are discussed and photos showing the diagnostic features are provided.     

Three New Species of Anemone (Ranunculaceae) from Xizang

Three species of the genus Anemone (Ranunculaceae), Amotuoensis, Abrachystema and Ajiachaensis, are described as new from the Xizang Autonomous Region. The diagnostic differences between them and their allies or their specific characteristics are given.     

Raphiocarpus jinpingensis,a New Species of Gesneriaceae in Yunnan,China

Raphiocarpus jinpingensis WH. Chen & YM. Shui, a new species of Gesneriaceae, is described and illustrated, from the Xilong Mountain of Jinping County in Yunnan, China, bordering to North Vietnam. The new species is similar as Rpetelotii (Pellegr.) Burtt in shapes of corolla and yellowish flowers, and differs from Rpetelotii mainly in its plants with dense pubescence and calyx tubes subequal to calyx lobes.Its pollen grains and seeds are reported here under Scanning Electonic Microscope (SEM).     

Codonopsis draco Ramp．（桔梗科）的身份鉴定，特别提及它的濒危状态

Pampanini于1910年发表了桔梗科采自湖北西部的一个新种Codonopsis draco。此后100年无人提起它。最近作者在进行党参属及其近缘类群的专著研究中发现它就是1984年发表的刺萼参Echinocodon lobophyllus D．Y．Hong,也采自湖北西部。本文作了新组合。刺萼参在湖北郧西的分布点已经消失,至今仅知道陕西东南部两个地点有少量植株,可见刺萼参已处于濒危状态。因为它是单种属,对其保护应予特别关注。     

Petrocosmea glabristoma (Gesneriaceae), a New Species from Yunnan,China

Petrocosmea glabrstoma ZJ. Qiu & YZ. Wang, a new species from Yunnan Province, China, is described and illustrated. The new species is similar to Petrocosmea forrestii Craib and Pmairei Lévl., but differs from them mainly by its leaves triangular or triangular ovate, corolla glabrous inside with shorter filament. Molecular and morphological data demonstrate that this new species has a close affinity to Pforrestii.