生物反馈电刺激联合Kegel训练对产后盆底功能障碍性疾病患者盆底功能电生理指标和生活质量的影响

目的:观察生物反馈电刺激联合Kegel训练对产后盆底功能障碍性疾病(PFD)患者盆底功能电生理指标和生活质量的影响。方法:研究对象为2018年3月~2020年12月我院收治的80例产后PFD患者。采用双色球随机分组法将患者分为对照组(n=40)和研究组(n=40)。对照组给予Kegel训练,研究组给予生物反馈电刺激联合Kegel训练,两组均治疗8周。对比两组治疗8周后的疗效和尿失禁、盆底器官脱垂程度的改善情况。对比两组治疗前、治疗8周后的盆底功能电生理指标、日常生活质量和性生活质量。结果:治疗8周后,研究组的临床总有效率较对照组高(P<0.05)。治疗8周后,研究组I类肌纤维疲劳度、Ⅱ类肌纤维疲劳度、快肌最大肌电值及阴道动态压力均优于对照组(P<0.05)。研究组治疗8周后尿失禁、盆底器官脱垂程度的改善情况优于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗8周后,研究组盆底功能影响问卷简表(PIFQ-7)评分、盆腔器官脱垂-尿失禁性功能问卷(PISQ-12)评分均低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:产后PFD患者采用生物反馈电刺激联合Kegel训练治疗疗效明确,可促进尿失禁、盆底器官脱垂程度情况及盆底功能改善,提高患者日常生活质量和性生活质量。     

补中益气汤联合生物反馈电刺激在产后盆底功能障碍患者的应用研究

目的:研究探讨补中益气汤联合生物反馈电刺激对产后盆底功能障碍患者的临床治疗效果及对其盆底肌肉张力的影响。方法:选择我院就诊的90例产后盆底功能障碍气虚证患者(2017年11月～2018年10月),按照随机数字表法划分为30例/组的A组、B组、C组,A组实施常规盆底肌锻炼,B组采用盆底治疗仪实施生物反馈电刺激治疗,C组实施生物反馈电刺激联合中药补中益气汤治疗,比较三组的疗效、盆底肌力评分、阴道最大收缩压、盆腔器官脱垂、尿失禁、性生活质量评分。结果:(1)组间临床疗效、证候疗效比较,C组的临床总有效率、证候改善总有效率均高于A组、B组(P0.05),而A组与B组之间比较均无统计学差异(P0.05)。(2)治疗后,C组的盆底肌力评分、阴道最大收缩压、性生活质量评分均高于A组、B组(P0.05),A组与B组之间比较均无统计学差异(P0.05)。(3)C组的盆腔器官脱垂、尿失禁等发生率均低于A组、B组(P0.05),而A组与B组比较均无统计学差异(P0.05)。结论:生物反馈电刺激联合补中益气汤治疗可有效改善产后盆底功能障碍患者的盆底肌力和阴道压力,达到良好的临床疗效,有利于预防盆腔器官脱垂、尿失禁的发生,改善其性生活质量。     

Conservative Treatment for Postprostatectomy Incontinence

Postprostatectomy incontinence (PPI) is a bothersome complication of radical prostatectomy. Although most men recover from PPI, some men continue to have persistent urinary incontinence. The initial management of persistent PPI usually consists of conservative measures such as pelvic floor muscle exercises. Surgical treatments are usually not entertained for men with urinary incontinence until conservative treatments have failed. This article discusses risk factors for PPI and various options for its treatment, including biofeedback and pharmacotherapy.Key words: Postprostatectomy incontinence, Radical prostatectomy, Pelvic floor muscle training, Pelvic floor stimulationPostprostatectomy incontinence (PPI) is a bothersome complication of radical prostatectomy (RP). Although most men recover from PPI, some men continue to have persistent urinary incontinence and roughly half of these men seek treatment.¹ It is important to understand the natural history of postprostatectomy urinary dysfunction prior to initiating treatment. Generally, the initial management of persistent PPI consists of conservative measures such as pelvic floor muscle exercises.     

Biofeedback treatment of gastrointestinal disorders.

Biofeedback has had a greater impact on gastroenterology than on any other medical subspecialty. Biofeedback is the treatment of choice for many of the most common types of fecal incontinence, and preliminary studies suggest that it is likely to become a preferred method for treating patients with constipation related to inability to relax the striated pelvic floor muscles during defecation. This dysfunction may account for up to 50% of patients with chronic constipation. Thermal biofeedback forms part of a multicomponent behavioral treatment for irritable bowel syndrome that is reported to be effective, and other promising applications of biofeedback for gastrointestinal disorders are under investigation.     

悬吊训练疗法联合生物反馈电刺激对产后压力性尿失禁患者盆底功能和尿流动力学的影响

摘要 目的：观察悬吊训练疗法联合生物反馈电刺激对产后压力性尿失禁（PSUI）患者盆底功能和尿流动力学的影响。方法：选择2019年7月~2021年8月期间我院接收的PSUI患者96例,符合要求的患者根据信封抽签法分为对照组（48例）和研究组（48例）。对照组患者接受悬吊训练疗法,研究组患者接受悬吊训练疗法联合生物反馈电刺激,对比两组疗效、盆底功能指标和尿流动力学指标,观察两组尿垫试验漏尿量、国际尿失禁咨询委员会尿失禁问卷简表（ICI-Q-SF）问卷评分。结果：研究组的临床总有效率高于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗1个月后,两组24 h尿垫试验漏尿量和ICI-Q-SF问卷评分降低,且研究组低于对照组（P<0.05）。研究组治疗1个月后盆底肌力改善效果优于对照组（P<0.05）。两组治疗1个月后最大尿道闭合压力（MUCP）、功能尿道长度（LES）、腹压漏尿点压（ALPP）、与最大尿流率（Qmax）升高,且研究组高于对照组（P<0.05）。结论：PSUI患者经悬吊训练疗法联合生物反馈电刺激干预,可有效改善临床症状,促进盆底功能和尿流动力学恢复,效果显著。     

Biofeedback treatment of gastrointestinal disorders

Biofeedback has had a greater impact on gastroenterology than on any other medical subspeciality. Biofeedback is the treatment of choice for many of the most common types of fecal incontinence, and preliminary studies suggest that it is likely to become a preferred method for treating patients with constipation related to inability to relax the striated pelvic floor muscles during defecation. This dysfunction may account for up to 50% of patients with chronic constipation. Thermal biofeedback forms part of a multicomponent behavioral treatment for irritable bowel syndrome that is reported to be effective, and other promising applications of biofeedback for gastrointestinal disorders are under investigation.Supported by NIMH Research Scientist Award No. KO5 MH00133.     

不同治疗方式对产后压力性尿失禁的疗效评估

目的:探究不同方法治疗产后压力性尿失禁(stress urinary incontinence,SUI)的临床疗效,并分析其相关的产科影响因素,为该病的预防和治疗提供相关的依据。方法:选取2015年1月至2016年1月在汉川市人民医院于产后42天返院行盆底功能筛查时诊断为产后SUI同时符合纳入标准的初产妇103例,并将其按患者的意愿分为3个治疗组,随访观察组(I组)有30例患者,盆底肌锻炼组(II组)有35例患者,生物反馈联合电刺激治疗组(III组)有38例患者。分别治疗8周后,通过国际尿失禁咨询委员会尿失禁问卷表(ICI-Q-SF)问卷调查、尿垫试验及盆底肌力测定进行疗效评价,并分析生物反馈联合电刺激疗效的影响因素。结果:治疗前,三组间盆底肌力无显著性差异(P0.05);治疗后,三组间两两比较均有显著性差异(P0.05)。治愈率而言,III组与II组和I组比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。单因素分析显示:孕期体重增加量与产后SUI严重程度和抑郁评分对生物反馈联合电刺激治疗疗效显著相关(P0.05),而年龄、产前BMI、新生儿出生体重等对治疗疗效无显著相关性(P0.05)。多因素非条件Logistic回归分析显示:孕期体重增加量与产后SUI严重程度是影响生物反馈联合电刺激治疗疗效的独立因素。结论:电刺激联合生物反馈治疗对产后SUI的疗效与单纯盆底肌锻炼治疗和单纯随访观察相比具有明显的优势,可作为临床治疗产后SUI的首选方案。影响其疗效的主要因素为孕期体重增加量与产后SUI严重程度,故控制孕期体重可能会促进电刺激对产后SUI的疗效。     

Biofeedback therapy in the colon and rectal practice

In coloproctology, biofeedback has been used for more than 20 years to treat patients with fecal incontinence, constipation, and rectal pain. It can be performed in a number of conditions with minimal risk and discomfort. However, it does require the presence of some degree of sphincter contraction and rectal sensitivity. Biofeedback can be time-consuming and demands motivation. The purpose of this paper is to review the indications, methodology, and results of anorectal biofeedback in the treatment of these disorders. Mean success rates for biofeedback range from 72.3% for fecal incontinence of diverse etiology, 68.5% for constipation attributable to paradoxical puborectalis syndrome, and 41.2% for idiopathic rectal pain. However, criteria to define success vary tremendously among researchers and there is a tendency to indicate biofeedback in a myriad of conditions when other therapeutic options, including surgery, fail or are inappropriate. These factors make comparison of the results difficult and reinforce the need for randomized controlled trials and studies assessing long-term follow-up. In summary, biofeedback is a simple, cost-effective, and morbidity-free technique and remains an attractive option, especially considering the complexity of the functional disorders of the colon, rectum, anus, and pelvic floor.     

实时三维盆底超声对产后压力性尿失禁患者疗效评估作用及与尿动力学的相关性分析

摘要 目的：探讨实时三维盆底超声对产后压力性尿失禁（SUI）患者疗效评估作用及与尿动力学的相关性。方法：选择2020年4月至2022年12月石家庄市人民医院收治的139例产后SUI患者,均接受盆底生物反馈电刺激联合盆底肌锻炼治疗。治疗前后分别进行实时三维盆底超声检查和尿动力学检查。比较治疗前后实时三维盆底超声参数、尿动力学指标差异。Pearson法分析实时三维盆底超声参数与尿动力学指标的相关性。结果：实时三维盆底超声图像特征显示：治疗前盆膈裂孔内的结构疏松,回声变弱,盆腔器官结缔组织疏松,间隙增宽,盆膈裂孔面积、尿道旋转角、膀胱尿道后角以及膀胱颈移动度较大;治疗后盆膈裂孔两侧耻骨直肠肌对称,耻骨内脏肌呈带状高回声,盆膈裂孔面积、尿道旋转角、膀胱尿道后角以及膀胱颈移动度较治疗前降低。产后SUI患者治疗后静息状态和Valsalva状态下盆膈裂孔面积、尿道旋转角、膀胱尿道后角、膀胱颈移动度均较治疗前降低（P＜0.05）,腹压漏尿点压、最大逼尿肌压力均较治疗前增加（P＜0.05）。产后SUI患者静息状态和Valsalva状态下盆膈裂孔面积、尿道旋转角、膀胱尿道后角、膀胱颈移动度与最大逼尿肌压力、腹压漏尿点压呈负相关（P＜0.05）,与最大膀胱容量和残余尿量无关（P＞0.05）。结论：产后SUI患者经盆底生物反馈电刺激联合盆底肌锻炼治疗后实时三维盆底超声参数较治疗前降低,与尿动力学改善有关。临床可通过实时三维盆底超声检查,对产后SUI患者进行临床疗效评价,以指导临床治疗。     

电针阴部神经刺激疗法联合Kegel盆底康复训练对产后压力性尿失禁患者盆底肌力、尿流动力学和生活质量的影响

摘要 目的：探讨电针阴部神经刺激疗法联合Kegel盆底康复训练对产后压力性尿失禁（SUI）患者盆底肌力、尿流动力学和生活质量的影响。方法：选取2019年6月~2021年11月期间于我院就诊的产后SUI患者109例,按照入院就诊奇偶顺序分为两组,其中对照组54例,接受Kegel盆底康复训练,研究组55例,接受电针阴部神经刺激疗法联合Kegel盆底康复训练。对比两组疗效、漏尿量、尿失禁程度、盆底肌力、尿流动力学和生活质量。结果：研究组的临床总有效率高于对照组（P<0.05）。两组治疗后盆底肌肌力各指标（手测肌力和Ⅰ类肌纤维最大值、Ⅱ类肌纤维平均值）均升高,且研究组高于对照组（P<0.05）。两组治疗后漏尿量、尿失禁程度评分均下降,且研究组低于对照组（P<0.05）。两组治疗后尿流动力学相关指标[腹压漏尿点压（AL-PP）、最大尿流率（Qmax）和最大尿道闭合压力（MUCP）]均升高,且研究组高于对照组（P<0.05）。两组治疗后尿失禁生活质量量表（I-QOL）各维度（限制性行为、心理影响、社交活动受限）评分及总分均升高,且研究组高于对照组（P<0.05）。结论：电针阴部神经刺激疗法联合Kegel盆底康复训练可有效改善产后SUI患者的盆底肌肌力和尿失禁情况,减少漏尿量,同时可促进尿流动力学恢复,进而提高患者的生活质量。     

盆底超声评价在妊娠妇女盆底结构、功能以及预后上的价值

为探究盆底超声检查评估分析不同的分娩方式对女性晚期妊娠和产后盆底结构、功能及预后效果的影响,本研究选取收治的100例顺利生产的孕妇作为本实验研究对象,根据分娩方式的不同将其分为自然分娩组与剖宫产组,各组50例。在两组孕妇妊娠晚期和产后分别通过盆底超声检测盆底结构和功能(膀胱旋转角,尿道膀胱后角,肛提肌裂孔面积和肛提肌裂孔周长);以及在产后第6~8周和盆底康复治疗后进行压力性尿失禁发生率调查问卷表填写及护垫实验。研究发现,阴道自然分娩比选择性剖宫产对妊娠晚期和产后孕妇盆底结构和功能造成的损伤更为显著;盆底损伤较严重的孕妇压力性尿失禁程度同样较严重;而盆底康复治疗成功的压力性尿失禁患者,盆底超声检测发现孕妇产后盆底结构和功能得到有效改善。本研究结果说明,盆底超声评价在检测不同分娩方式对妊娠晚期和产后孕妇的盆底结构、功能及预后存在一定的预测和预防作用。     

A Retrospective Analysis of the Effectiveness of a Modified Abdominal High Uterosacral Colpopexy in the Treatment of Uterine Prolapse

To evaluate the clinical value of a novel method for high uterosacral colpopexy in the treatment of uterine prolapse. Thirty-one cases with severe pelvic organ prolapse diagnosed by pelvic organ prolapse quantification (POP-Q) system received a novel high sacral colpopexy method. Clinical parameters associated perioperative period and 12?months after surgery and complications were analyzed. A questionnaire survey on pelvic floor distress inventory and pelvic organ prolapse/urinary incontinence and sexual function was implemented. Between January 2007 and June 2008, 31 patients successfully received a Modified Abdominal High Uterosacral Colpopexy. The mean operation time was 50?±?15?min, and the average blood loss was 100?±?20?mls. 28 Patients returned for a 1-year follow-up, and the average follow-up period was 14?±?6?months. According to POP-Q system evaluation, the rate of operational success reached 100?%. There were no significant intraoperative and postoperative complications. A total of 31 responses on pelvic floor distress inventory short form questionnaire and 24 responses on pelvic organ prolapse/urinary incontinence sexual questionnaire showed that there was statistical significant difference before and after the procedure. This novel, high uterosacral colpopexy method is a safe and effective method for the treatment of uterine prolapse.     

盆底电刺激对大鼠盆底肌肌肉、神经发育的形态学影响研究

目的:探讨与研究盆底电刺激对大鼠盆底肌肌肉、神经发育的形态学影响.方法:36只Wistar产后健康雌性大鼠分为对照组、模型组与刺激组,每组12只.模型组与刺激组都建立了压力性尿失禁模型,对照组不给予任何处理.建模后刺激组给予盆底电刺激,每3 d一次,持续治疗12d;模型组在建模后不给予任何治疗处理.结果:模型组与刺激组...     

Treatment of urinary incontinence in women in general practice: observational study.

OBJECTIVE--To examine what is attainable when treating urinary incontinence in women in general practice. DESIGN--Observational study with 12 months'' follow up. Interview and clinical examination before, during, and after treatment of women seeking help for urinary incontinence in general practice. SETTING--General practice in the rural district of Rissa, Norway. SUBJECTS--105 women aged 20 or more with urinary incontinence. INTERVENTIONS--Treatment with pelvic floor exercises, electrostimulation, oestrogen, anticholinergic drugs, bladder training, and protective pads. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES--Subjective and objective measures of urinary incontinence; number of patients referred to a specialist. RESULTS--After 12 months'' follow up 70% (69/99) of the women were cured or much better; the mean score on a 100 mm visual analogue scale decreased from 37 to 20 mm; and the proportion of women who were greatly bothered by their incontinence decreased by 62%. 20% (20/98) of women became continent, and the percentage of women with severe incontinence decreased from 64% (63/99) to 28% (27/98). Mean leakage per 24 hours measured by a pad test decreased from 28 g at the start of treatment to 13 g after 12 months. The number of light weight pads or sanitary towels decreased from 1.6 to 0.6 a day. In all, 17/105 (16%) patients were referred to a specialist. CONCLUSIONS--Urinary incontinence in women can be effectively managed in general practice with fairly simple treatment. Most women will be satisfied with the results.     

髋部肌锻炼联合盆底电刺激生物反馈对盆底功能障碍性疾病患者盆底功能及应激反应的影响

摘要 目的：探讨髋部肌锻炼联合盆底电刺激生物反馈对盆底功能障碍性疾病（PFD）患者盆底功能及应激反应的影响。方法：选取2021年1月-2022年12月在我院接受治疗的120例PFD患者作为研究对象,按随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,每组各60例。对照组患者进行髋部肌锻炼,观察组患者在对照组的基础上联合盆底电刺激生物反馈治疗,观察分析两组患者盆底功能以及应激反应的变化。结果：两组治疗后观察组临床总有效率显著高于对照组（P＜0.05）;两组患者治疗后PFDI-20、PISQ-12及PFIQ-7评分显著优于治疗前,且观察组上述指标明显优于对照组（P＜0.05）;治疗后两组患者前盆底肌电位、动态肌张力、静态肌张力及收缩力较治疗前显著改善,且观察组相较于对照组上述指标显著提升（P＜0.05）;治疗后两组患者去甲肾上腺素（NE）、前列腺素（PGE₂）、皮质醇（COR）水平明显提高,且观察组明显优于对照组（P＜0.05）。结论：髋部肌锻炼联合盆底电刺激生物反馈使肌肉功能得到锻炼,提高了盆底肌张力水平,促进盆底功能的恢复和应激反应的提高,明显提高患者的生活质量。     

盆底肌功能训练联合阴茎夹对前列腺增生术后患者尿失禁的临床应用分析

目的:分析盆底肌功能训练联合阴茎夹对前列腺增生术后患者尿失禁的临床应用效果。方法:选取我院2017年4月～2019年4月收治的72例前列腺增生术后尿失禁患者,随机分为对照组和观察组各36例,两组均予盆底肌功能训练,观察组加用阴茎夹控制排尿。对比两组术后尿失禁改善情况、排尿改善情况、国际尿失禁咨询委员会尿失禁问卷表简表(ICI-Q-SF)评分变化、压力性尿失禁分度评价及经济费用情况。结果:两组干预后20 d、干预后30 d、干预后90 d尿失禁发生率均较干预后10 d下降,观察组干预后10 d、干预后20 d、干预后30 d、干预后90 d尿失禁发生率均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。两组干预后90 d每日总尿量较干预前升高,每日总排尿次数、每日总漏尿次数均较干预前下降;观察组干预后90 d每日总尿量高于对照组,每日总排尿次数、每日总漏尿次数均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。两组干预后90d ICI-Q-SF评分均较干预前下降,且观察组干预后90d ICI-Q-SF评分低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。观察组患者干预后压力性尿失禁临床治愈率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。两组患者压力性尿失禁分度情况比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。观察组阴茎夹使用费用为(70.26±8.51)元,低于对照组的(388.71±26.44)元,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:在盆底肌功能训练的基础上联合阴茎夹能够有效改善前列腺增生术后患者尿失禁症状及生活质量,且有助于降低患者经济负担,值得临床推广应用。     

Urodynamic biofeedback treatment of urinary incontinence in children with myelomeningocele

Eight children with myelomeningocele and chronic neurogenic urinary incontinence were provided urodynamic biofeedback training. During urodynamic biofeedback, six of the eight children demonstrated improved self-regulation of detrusor and/or sphincter functioning. However, substantial improvements in clinical symptomatology (i.e., urinary incontinence) were clearly shown by only one child. Unexpectedly, chronic neurogenic fecal incontinence was reduced in four children. Several methodological modifications are discussed which may improve clinical symptomatology and which may facilitate further urodynamic biofeedback research for these children with congenital neurogenic urinary incontinence.     

网片重建治疗盆腔器官脱垂的临床疗效及安全性评价

目的:探讨经阴道放置网片的全盆底重建术治疗重度子宫脱垂的临床疗效和安全性。方法:选择2010年7月至2015年6月在青岛大学附属医院因重度盆腔器官脱垂接受全盆底重建术的患者126例,回顾性分析患者的临床资料、生活质量评分及并发症等相关资料。结果:126例患者平均手术时间(67.18±18.00)min,出血量(56.27±26.47)m L,留置尿管(3.47±0.94)天,住院天数(4.21±0.93)天。术后尿潴留的发生率为3.96%、阴道壁血肿0.79%、术后肢体疼痛7.14%、下肢静脉血栓0.79%,所有患者术中均无膀胱或直肠损伤等严重并发症的发生。126例患者中,111例完成随访(88.09%,111/126),随访时间为6~48个月,中位随访时间为27个月。术后发生网片暴露1例(0.9%,1/111),网片挛缩1例(0.9%,1/111),慢性盆腔疼痛2例(1.80%,2/111)、新发尿失禁6例(5.4%,6/111)。其中3例为急迫性尿失禁(2.7%,3/111),3例压力性尿失禁(2.7%,3/111)。盆底重建术后共有3例患者出现复发,其中2例因症状明显再次行手术治疗,客观治愈率的为97.29%(108/111),主观治愈率为98.19%(109/111)。与术前相比,术后6个月、12个月生活质量评分(PFDI-20)均较前均明显降低(P0.05)。术后21例患者恢复性生活,性生活疼痛者3例(14.28%),性生活不适者4例(19.04%),总体性生活满意度为85.71%(18/21)。结论:全盆重建术治疗重度盆腔器官脱垂的疗效较好,且网片相关并发症的发生率较低。     

Urodynamic biofeedback treatment of urinary incontinence in children with myelomeningocele

Eight children with myelomeningocele and chronic neurogenic urinary incontinence were provided urodynamic biofeedback training. During urodynamic biofeedback, six of the eight children demonstrated improved self-regulation of detrusor and/or sphincter functioning. However, substantial improvements in clinical symptomatology (i.e., urinary incontinence) were clearly shown by only one child. Unexpectedly, chronic neurogenic fecal incontinence was reduced in four children. Several methodological modifications are discussed which may improve clinical symptomatology and which may facilitate further urodynamic biofeedback research for these children with congenital neurogenic urinary incontinence.This work was supported by a grant from The Crippled Children's Guild through the Behavioral Pediatrics Program at Orthopaedic Hospital.