siRNA抑制丙型肝炎病毒IRES介导的基因表达

以HCVIRES为靶位 ,应用T7RNA多聚酶体外转录合成了 5条小干扰RNA(siRNA) .脂质体转染法将其导入HCVIRES介导萤光素酶表达的转基因细胞 (HepG2 .970 6 )中 ,通过测定萤光素酶的量 ,评价T7siRNA对HCV介导基因表达的抑制作用 .结果表明 ,所合成的 5条T7siRNAs ,均能特异性地抑制萤光素酶基因的表达 ,抑制率分别为 94 31%、80 0 1%、78 0 1%、80 33%、85 6 4% ,其中以靶向HCVIRES第二茎环结构的T7siRNA1抑制率最高 ,且对HCV基因的抑制作用有剂量依赖性 ,随T7siRNA1量的增加 ,抑制率逐渐增强 .siRNA抑制HCV基因的作用具有良好的特异性 ,改变其中 1个核苷酸即无显著抑制作用 .     

Use of bacteriophage T7 lysozyme to improve an inducible T7 expression system

Bacteriophage T7 lysozyme, a natural inhibitor of T7 RNA polymerase, can reduce basal activity from an inducible gene for T7 RNA polymerase and allow relatively toxic genes to be established in the same cell under control of a T7 promoter. Low levels of T7 lysozyme supplied by plasmids pLysS or pLysL, which are compatible with the pET vectors for expressing genes from a T7 promoter, are sufficient to stabilize many target plasmids and yet allow high levels of target protein to be produced upon induction of T7 RNA polymerase. Higher levels of lysozyme supplied by plasmids pLysE or pLysH reduce the fully induced activity of T7 RNA polymerase such that induced cells can continue to grow and produce innocuous target proteins indefinitely. Different configurations of the expression system can maintain several different steady-state levels of target gene expression. The presence of T7 lysozyme has the further advantage of facilitating the lysis of cells in preparing extracts for purification of target gene products.     

siRNA降低肿瘤细胞端粒酶活性的研究

利用T7RNA聚合酶在体外转录合成针对端粒酶模板RNA(hTR)的两条互补单链RNA,经退火形成siRNA.采用TRAP法检测端粒酶活性,分析siRNA在肿瘤细胞裂解液的干扰作用.结果表明:T7RNA聚合酶可以高效地转录出短的单链RNA,制备的siRNA可明显地降低肿瘤端粒酶的活性,其降低肿瘤端粒酶活性的作用强于等量的反义链RNA.该法廉价、高效、简易,有可能为肿瘤的基因治疗提供一种新的探索途径.     

用Rnase Ⅲ制备的小干涉RNA降解SARS冠状病毒基因的细胞内转录物

SARS冠状病毒是引起重症急性呼吸综合症的主要原因,目前尚没有特效药物或疫苗对抗这种新病毒。RNA干涉是指双链RNA可以特异地降解细胞内同源基因的Mrna。在哺乳动物细胞中,<30bp的小双链RNA能引起RNA干涉,又可以避免干扰素反应。通过体外转录得到SARS病毒3种基因RNA依赖的RNA聚合酶、刺突蛋白及核衣壳蛋白部分片段的长双链RNA,然后用Rnase Ⅲ有限切割成长度<30bp的小干涉RNA。同时把上述3种基因片段分别连接到质粒Pgl3-Control中,得到的3个质粒Pgl-R、Pgl-S和Pgl-N可以分别在细胞内转录出荧光素酶RNA依赖的RNA聚合酶、刺突蛋白、核衣壳蛋白的杂合Mrna。上述质粒分别和相应的小干涉RNA共转染HEK293F细胞,测定荧光素酶活性,结果小干涉RNA使相应质粒表达荧光素酶的活性显著下降;用逆转录定量PCR反应测量Mrna丰度,结果表明上述小干涉RNA可以特异地降解相应的病毒基因转录物。     

RNA interference in mammalian cells using siRNAs synthesized with T7 RNA polymerase

Methods that allow the specific silencing of a desired gene are invaluable tools for research. One of these is based on RNA interference (RNAi), a process by which double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) specifically suppresses the expression of a target mRNA. Recently, it has been reported that RNAi also works in mammalian cells if small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) are used to avoid activation of the interferon system by long dsRNA. Thus, RNAi could become a major tool for reverse genetics in mammalian systems. However, the high cost and the limited availability of the short synthetic RNAs and the lack of certainty that a designed siRNA will work present major drawbacks of the siRNA technology. Here we present an alternative method to obtain cheap and large amounts of siRNAs using T7 RNA polymerase. With multiple transfection procedures, including calcium phosphate co-precipitation, we demonstrate silencing of both exogenous and endogenous genes.     

Rescue of Influenza A Virus from Recombinant DNA

We have rescued influenza A virus by transfection of 12 plasmids into Vero cells. The eight individual negative-sense genomic viral RNAs were transcribed from plasmids containing human RNA polymerase I promoter and hepatitis delta virus ribozyme sequences. The three influenza virus polymerase proteins and the nucleoprotein were expressed from protein expression plasmids. This plasmid-based reverse genetics technique facilitates the generation of recombinant influenza viruses containing specific mutations in their genes.     

特异切割马铃薯卷叶病毒复制酶基因负链的核酶研究

根据锤头状核酶的作用模式,设计、合成并克隆了特异性切割马铃薯地病毒中国分离株（ＰＬＲＶ－Ｃｈ）复制酶基因负链ＲＮＡ的核酶序列,以体外转录的ＰＬＲＶ－Ｃｈ复制酶基因负链ＲＮＡ作为底物,与转录的核酶ＲＮＡ共同保温,以检测核酶对底和的体外切割作用。实验结果表明,核酸疼 ＲＮＡ对ＰＬＲＶ－Ｃｈ复制酶基因负锭ＲＮＡ具有特异切割作用。     

Rescue of recombinant Thogoto virus from cloned cDNA

Thogoto virus (THOV) is a tick-transmitted orthomyxovirus with a genome consisting of six negative-stranded RNA segments. To rescue a recombinant THOV, the viral structural proteins were produced from expression plasmids by means of a vaccinia virus expressing the T7 RNA polymerase. Genomic virus RNAs (vRNAs) were generated from plasmids under the control of the RNA polymerase I promoter. Using this system, we could efficiently recover recombinant THOV following transfection of 12 plasmids into 293T cells. To verify the recombinant nature of the rescued virus, specific genetic tags were introduced into two vRNA segments. The availability of this efficient reverse genetics system will allow us to address hitherto-unanswered questions regarding the biology of THOV by manipulating viral genes in the context of infectious virus.     

Requirements for assembly of poliovirus replication complexes and negative-strand RNA synthesis

HeLa cells were transfected with several plasmids that encoded all poliovirus (PV) nonstructural proteins. Viral RNAs were transcribed by T7 RNA polymerase expressed from recombinant vaccinia virus. All plasmids produced similar amounts of viral proteins that were processed identically; however, RNAs were designed either to serve as templates for replication or to contain mutations predicted to prevent RNA replication. The mutations included substitution of the entire PV 5' noncoding region (NCR) with the encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV) internal ribosomal entry site, thereby deleting the 5'-terminal cloverleaf-like structure, or insertion of three nucleotides in the 3Dpol coding sequence. Production of viral proteins was sufficient to induce the characteristic reorganization of intracellular membranes into heterogeneous-sized vesicles, independent of RNA replication. The vesicles were stably associated with viral RNA only when RNA replication could occur. Nonreplicating RNAs localized to distinct, nonoverlapping regions in the cell, excluded from the viral protein-membrane complexes. The absence of accumulation of positive-strand RNA from both mutated RNAs in transfected cells was documented. In addition, no minus-strand RNA was produced from the EMCV chimeric template RNA in vitro. These data show that the 5'-terminal sequences of PV RNA are essential for initiation of minus-strand RNA synthesis at its 3' end.     

Broad host range, regulated expression system utilizing bacteriophage T7 RNA polymerase and promoter

An IPTF-regulated broad host range expression system was constructed using compatible broad host range plasmids, the T7 RNA polymerase, and T7 promoter sequences. The system is implemented by the coexistence of two plasmids. The first contains the T7 RNA polymerase gene under the control of lacl or lacl(q) genes and lacUV5 promoter. The second encodes the T7 promoter upstream of a multicloning site. IncP1 or IncP4 T7 promoter plasmids, and IncP1, IncP4 or IncW T7 RNA polymerase plasmids were constructed. The expression from the IncP1 promoter plasmids in the presence of the IncP4 polymerase plasmids was tested by in vivo lacZ fusions and vivo labeling of proteins. In this combination, the use of lac(q) improves the regulation levels in Escherichia coli, whereas, in Pseudomonas phaseolicola, a 28.5-fold regulation was obtained with lacl, Although the level of lacZ expression from the T7 promoter in P. phaseolicola is low compared with E. coli, it is similar to levels obtained with the pm promoter in Pseudomonas putida when the differences in the copy number of the expression vectors are taken into consideration (c) 1993 Wiley & Sons, Inc.