Genomic polymorphism in consecutive generation rice plants from seeds on board a spaceship and their relationship with space HZE particles

Dry rice seeds (Oryza sativa,subspecies indica)were sandwiched between nuclear track detectors,aboard the Chinese spaceship Shenzhou-3 for seven days.The seeds were recovered and the genomic polymorphism in 201 plants developed from these seeds was studied using random amplified polymorphism DNA analysis.When compared with plants from ground-based control seeds,the genomic polymorphic bands were amplified in 30.2% of the plants from the seeds exposed in space.The results for sequencing and SNP analyses of the polymorphic bands verified the single nucleotide variations in these plants.Genomic polymorphisms in the consecutive generations of individual plants of the seeds from space were also discovered.Seven seeds receiving hits of HZE (high atomic number and high energy)particles from space were selected for further analyses and variable genomic polymorphisms were detected in all plants that developed from these seeds.Among them,the embryos of three seeds were hit at least once,and mutants with significant changes in agronomic traits were only found in later generations of these seeds.This result implies that the HZE particles of space are effective in inducing the changes of plant genome of inherited phenotypes.     

空间搭载水稻种子后代基因组多态性及其与空间重离子辐射关系的探讨

神舟三号飞船搭载带核径迹辐射探测器的水稻种子装置,回收后应用随机扩增多态性DNA(randomamplified polymorphic DNA,RAPD)技术,分析了201粒升空种子长出植株的基因组多态性。在检测的189个基因座位范围内,30.2%的植株中发现与地面对照不同的扩增带,单株的多态性座位数为1￣25。特异扩增带的测序及单核苷酸多态性(single-nucleotide polymorphism,SNP)分析进一步证明了空间搭载水稻种子确实可导致当代植株基因组发生变异。同一技术分析个别种子连续世代的基因组多态性,结果显示,当代的部分多态性可遗传至后代。7粒受空间高原子序数、高能粒子轰击的种子,在当代植株均显示不同程度的基因组多态性,从胚受粒子击中的3粒种子后代中,筛选出农艺性状明显变异的突变株系,初步暗示了空间高能重离子辐射对诱导基因组的多态性,乃至遗传性表型变异的有效性。