恒化器中竞争模型的全局稳定性

本文主要研究恒化器中ｎ个微生物种群一个有限营养源的数学模型，对于三个很常见的功能反应函数，研究了解的极限性态，得到竞争排斥原理成立的充分条件，改进了「７」的结果。     

也谈杜南平衡

杜南（Donnan）平衡是一种电化学势的综合平衡，现行的植物生理学教材上都把它作为植物细胞被动吸收矿质元素的一种机理来叙述，然而根据我的理解，这些叙述有许多不当之处，现提出来与同行们讨论。1．它并没有说明细胞积累离子的真正原因。因为叙述时都假设细胞放入KCI溶液中，细胞内初始「K”」即为C；，介质中「K”」和「CI」均为C。，平衡时细胞内［K“〕一C；＋X，［CI－」一X；介质中【K”」和〔CI－」均为C。－X，由此得出结论：平衡时（C；＋X）x一（C。－X）’，细胞内「K”I大于细胞外【K”］，而细胞外「CI－〕大于…     

“电脑生命”是“生命”吗？

「电脑生命」是「生命」吗？＠周俊「电脑生命」是「生命」吗周俊今天,愈来愈多的自然科学家已经开始意识到,揭示生命起源奥秘的最有效的方法就是重演生命诞生的过程,这就意味着要重新创造出生命。可是,按照奥巴林、米勒等人所标定的实验方向采用化学合成的传统方法,要产生...     

内皮素对培养心肌细胞内游离钙浓度的作用

实验用培养新生ＳＤ大鼠心室肌细胞,以Ｆｕｒａ－２／ＡＭ荧光指示剂负载检测收肌细胞内游离钙浓度（「Ｃａ＾２＋」）的变化,探讨内皮素－１（ＥＴ－１）对「Ｃａ＾２＋」ｉ的作用及其机制。结果显示：ＥＴ－１引起心肌细胞「Ｃａ＾２＋」ｉ升高有两个时相,瞬时相持续相。ＥＴ－１诱导的瞬时相「Ｃａ＾２＋」ｉ升高呈浓度依赖性,预先用ＥＴＡ特异性受阻断剂ＢＱ１２３处理,可阻断ＥＴ－１引起的「Ｃａ＾２＋」ｉ升高,揭示上述     

重组[B18Ile]人胰岛素的鉴定和特征

突变体「Ｂ１８Ｉｌｅ」猪胰岛素前体经分离纯化,转肽,得到重组「Ｂ１８Ｉｌｅ」人胰素「Ｂ１８Ｉｌｅ」人胰岛素能结晶,其与受体的结合能力为猪胰岛素的８２％,保留了与猪胰岛素基本相同的体内活力,从本文结果和分析表明Ｂ１８Ｖａｌ可能不是胰岛素表现生物功能所必需的。     

血小板激活时胞质游离钙浓度与两种颗粒数变化的相关性

用电镜形态计量法检测血小板α颗粒（αＧ）和致密颗粒（ｄＧ）的数密度,用钙荧光指示剂Ｆｕｒａ２检测血小板胞质游离Ｃａ＾２＋浓度（「Ｃａ＾２＋」ｉ）,观察到在钙离子导体Ａ２３１８７作用下,血小板「Ｃａ＾２＋」ｉ明显升高。凝血酶与ＡＤＰ也都分别引起「Ｃａ＾２＋」ｉ升高,且有浓度依赖性,选用三种激动剂的不同量以反映血小板不同程度激活时,测定「Ｃａ＾２＋」与颗粒数密度,分析两者间的相关性,发现αＧ和ｄＧ的数     

MS-551抗缺血性室性心律失常的实验研究

目的：研究新型Ⅲ类抗心律失常药物ＭＳ－５５１,即１,３二甲基－６「２－（Ｎ－２羟乙基－３－４硝苯丙氨基）乙氨基」－２,４（１Ｈ,３Ｈ）－盐酸嘧啶二酮（ＭＳ）,对麻醉犬心肌的电作用和对缺血性室性心律失常的防治效果。方法：测定用药（ＭＳ首剂０．５ｍｇ／ｋｇ于５ｍｉｎ内静推,维持量０．５ｍｇ／ｋｇ静滴３０ｍｉｎ）前后下沉犬心肌房室不应期,并观察ＭＳ「首剂０．３ｍｇ／ｋｇ于５ｍｉｎ内静推,维持量０．５ｍｇ     

氨对脑细胞胞浆游离钙含量的影响

目的与方法：采用Ｆｕｒａ－２／ＡＭ探针技术观察ＮＨ４Ｃｌ对离体急性分离之Ｗｉｓｔａｒ乳鼠大脑细胞胞头游离钙「Ｃａ＾２＋」ｉ含量的影响。结果：ＮＨ４＾＋浓度为２．５ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ时脑细胞内「Ｃａ＾２＋」ｉ含量升高。在一定范围内,随着ＮＨ４＾＋浓度的加大,细胞内Ｃａ＾２＋持续升高。ＮＨ４＾＋的升钙作用主要被Ｎｉｃａｒｄｉｐｉｎｅ所阴断,其变化特征类以ＫＣｌ。结论：ＮＨ４＾＋主要通过影响电压依赖性钙离子通     

B8Gly在胰岛素结构模体中的可能作用

在胰岛素结构模体ｎ１－Ｃｙｓ－Ｇｌｙ－Ｘ１０－Ｃｙｓ－ｎ２－Ｃｙｓ－Ｃｙｓ－Ｘ３－Ｃｙｓ－Ｘ８－Ｃｙｓ－ｎ３中,有７个绝对保守的氨基酸残基,只有位于Ｂ８位的是Ｇｌｙ。通过定点突变将其改变为Ａｌａ,得到「Ｂ８Ａｌａ」人胰岛素,其受体结合能力和体内生物活力分别为天然猪胰岛素的２．５％和１０％。「Ｂ８Ａｌａ」人胰岛素和重组人胰岛素的远紫外圆二色谱比较表明,「Ｂ８Ａｌａ」人胰岛素的α－螺旋的相对含量有一家     

XTT四唑Weng盐试验快速检测卡介苗活性

卡介苗生产中最重要的质检指标－活苗含量测定，传统固体培养计数方法时间需２１以上，且结果有时不稳定，操作复杂。使用ＸＴＴ「２，３－ｂｉｓ－（２－ｍｅｔｈｏｘｙ－４－ｎｉｔｒｏ－５－ｓｕｌｐｈｅｎｙｌ）－（２Ｈ）－ｔｅｔｒａｚｏｌｉｕｍ－５－ｃａｒｂｏｘａｎｉｌｉｄｅ」做底物的四唑Ｗｅｎｇ盐试验在活卡介菌的还原下快速显色，很好地反映出卡介苗活苗的浓度差异。实验观察在微孔培养板中反应经酶标仪测定的ＸＴＴ     

Rinvenimento del polline di Keteleeria in alcuni depositi quaternari dell'Italia centro-settentrionale

Abstract

THE DISCOVERING OF THE KETELEERIA'S POLLEN-GRAIN IN SOME QUATERNARY DEPOSITS OF THE CENTRAL AND NORTHERN ITALY. — The Author observes the specy of Keteleeria with the pollen analysis executed on deposits of turfys, clays and brown coals of some Umbro-Marchigiano and of the Po Plain localyties.

The Keteleeria to-day is living only in China and Japan; in Italy it was living also during the early and middle Pleistocene.     

一个具有干预策略的肺结核模型的阈值动力学行为（英文）

文献[4]研究了肺结核传播的动力学行为.该文献仅从数值模拟上分析了疾病的传播和不同策略对疾病传播的影响.本文从理论上对疾病传播和不同策略对疾病传播的影响进行了分析.主要结论如下：得到了模型的基本再生数R_0.R_0决定了疾病传播的动力学行为：如果R_0〈1,则模型仅有一个无病平衡点且是局部渐近稳定的,若R_0〉1则模型存在一个地方病平衡点并且疾病是一致持续的.本文还得到了无病平衡点全局渐近稳定的充分条件.     

非自治Lotka—Volterra型竞争系统的一些新结果

研究一般非自治 Ｌｏｔｋａ－Ｖｏｌｔｅｒｒａ型 ｎ个种群相互竞争生态系统的定性性质．建立了关于一部分种群灭绝，而另一部分种群一致持续生存与全局渐近稳定的一系列新的判别准则．这些结果改进和推广了文献［２，３］中的主要结果。     

Alpine species seed longevity in the soil in relation to seed size and shape – A 5-year burial experiment in the Central Alps

Long-term persistent seeds are generally expected to be small and spherically shaped. In contrast, transient seeds are often large, flattened and elongated. We hypothesized that alpine species follow these trends, and that most species of unstable alpine habitats have the potential to form long-term persistent seed banks. The latter would enable them to delay germination until favourable conditions are present in their environment thereby increasing the likelihood for establishment of seedlings. We selected nine alpine species of more or less unstable habitats (i.e. Achillea moschata, Artemisia genipi, Anthyllis vulneraria ssp. alpicola, Geum reptans, Linaria alpina, Oxyria digyna, Saxifraga aizoides, Saxifraga oppositifolia, and Trifolium pallescens) for this study. Seed longevity was estimated by a 5-year burial experiment in the field with seed excavations after 1 winter, 2 years and 5 years. Germination experiments in the growth chamber and viability tests were performed after each excavation. We detected longevity patterns ranging from transient to long-term persistent. Two species were classified as transient. All other species have the potential to form persistent seed banks, with almost half of the investigated species showing a trend for long-term persistence. Despite contradictory reports, long-term persistent seed banks are an important life history trait of species of unstable alpine habitats. We found that seed shape and hard-seededness are good predictors of seed persistence of alpine species. Seed size seems to be less important. The data from this study support the general hypotheses describing the relationship among seed size, seed shape and seed persistence in the soil.     

两类非耗散系统的弱持久性

利用Perron-Frobenuis定理及定性理论,讨论了环状捕食－被捕食模型及文[1]中提出的一类食物链模型为非耗散系统的条件及模型为非耗散系统时的弱持久性问题,得到其弱持久的判别准则,解决了文[1]提出的问题。     

The intrinsic viscosity of linear DNA

We measured the intrinsic viscosity of very small synthetic DNA molecules, of 20-395 base pairs, and incorporated them in a nearly complete picture for the whole span of molecular weights reported in the literature to date. A major transition is observed at M approximately 2 × 10(6) . It is found that in the range of approximately 7 × 10(3) ≤ M ≤ 2 × 10(6) , the intrinsic viscosity scales as [η] approximately M(1.05) , suggesting that short DNA chains are not as rigid as generally thought. The corresponding scaling for the range of 2 × 10(6) ≤ M ≤ 8 × 10(10) is [η] approximately M(0.69) . A comparison of our results with existing equations, for much narrower data distributions, is made, and the agreement is very satisfactory considering the huge range of data analyzed here. Experimental concerns such as the effect of ionic strength, polydispersity, temperature, and shear rate are discussed in detail. Some issues concerning the Huggins coefficient, polymer chain stiffness, and the relationship between the Mark-Houwink constants K, α are also presented; it is found that log K = 1.156 - 6.19α.     

Salt contribution to the flexibility of single‐stranded nucleic acid of finite length

Nucleic acids are negatively charged macromolecules and their structure properties are strongly coupled to metal ions in solutions. In this article, the salt effects on the flexibility of single‐stranded (ss) nucleic acid chain ranging from 12 to 120 nucleotides are investigated systematically by the coarse‐grained Monte Carlo simulations where the salt ions are considered explicitly and the ss chain is modeled with the virtual‐bond structural model. Our calculations show that, the increase of ion concentration causes the structural collapse of ss chain and multivalent ions are much more efficient in causing such collapse, and both trivalent/small divalent ions can induce more compact state than a random relaxation state. We found that monovalent, divalent, and trivalent ions can all overcharge ss chain, and the dominating source for such overcharging changes from ion‐exclusion‐volume effect to ion Coulomb correlations. In addition, the predicted Na⁺ and Mg²⁺‐dependent persistence length l_p’s of ss nucleic acid are in accordance with the available experimental data, and through systematic calculations, we obtained the empirical formulas for l_p as a function of [Na⁺], [Mg²⁺] and chain length. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers 99: 370–381, 2013.     

A note on persistence about structured population models

In this paper, we report some results on persistence in two structured population models: a chronic- age-structured epidemic model and an age-duration-structured epidemic model. Regarding these models, we observe that the system is uniformly strongly persistent, which means, roughly speaking, that the proportion of infected subpopulation is bounded away from 0 and the bound does not depend on the initial data after a sufficient long time, if the basic reproduction ratio is larger than one. We derive this by adopting Thieme's technique, which requires some conditions about positivity and compactness. Although the compactness condition is rather difficult to show in general infinite-dimensional function spaces, we can apply Fréchet–Kolmogorov L ¹-compactness criteria to our models. The two examples that we study illuminate a useful method to show persistence in structured population models.     

The effect of seasonal host birth rates on disease persistence

In this paper, we add seasonality to the birth rate of an SIR model with density dependence in the death rate. We find that disease persistence can be explained by considering the average value of the seasonal term. If the basic reproductive ratio R(0)>1 with this average value then the disease will persist and if R(0)<1 with this average value then the disease will die out. However, if the underlying non-seasonal model displays oscillations towards the equilibrium then the dynamics of the seasonal model can become more complex. In this case, the seasonality can interact with the underlying oscillations, resonate and the population can display a range of complex behaviours including chaos. We discuss these results in terms of two examples, Cowpox in bank voles and Rabbit Haemorrhagic disease in rabbits.     

iNOS在不同种属血管细胞中诱导表达差异的比较研究

为了探讨不同种属血管细胞中ｉＮＯＳ基因诱导表达的差异及其分子机制,采用Ｎｏｒｔｈ－ｅｒｎ印迹、电泳迁移率改变分析（ＥＭＳＡ）和细胞转染实验对ｉＮＯＳ基因在人、牛、大鼠血管内皮细胞（ＥＣ）和兔、大鼠平滑肌细胞（ＶＳＭＣ）中的诱导表达和转录调控机制进行了研究．结果显示,ＩＬ－１β可诱导人、大鼠的ＥＣ和大鼠的ＶＳＭＣ表达ｉＮＯＳ,但对兔ＶＳＭＣ和牛ＥＣ无诱导作用．在ＩＬ－１β＋ＴＮＦ－α＋ＬＰＳ作用下,人和大鼠血管细胞ｉＮＯＳ的表达活性显著高于牛和兔,同一种属动物的ＶＳＭＣ比ＥＣ更易被诱导活化．用含有大鼠ｉＮＯＳ基因上游－１０３７～－４３８片段的报告基因转染这些细胞,经细胞因子和ＬＰＳ处理后,被转染细胞的ＣＡＴ活性变化与细胞的ｉＮＯＳ表达活性相一致．上述结果表明,ｉＮＯＳ表达调节具有种属特异性和细胞特异性．ＥＭＳＡ证实在不同种属的ＥＣ和ＶＳＭＣ中,与ｉＮＯＳ基因表达调控区（－１０３７～－７８７）相互作用的蛋白因子是不均一的．提示不同种属血管细胞内特异转录因子的种类及浓度不同和（或）反式因子与顺式元件相互作用的方式不同可能是这种差异的分子基础．