中国柳属植物地理分布的研究

本文研究了中国产柳属植物的分布,并探讨了该属的起源与演化问题。 我国产柳 属植物255种,约占全世界总数的46％,隶属于37个组,几乎包括了该属所有的进化类型。 因此,中国是世界柳属植物种数最多、类型最丰富的地区。青藏高原的出现,是形成这一分布 特点的重要原因。我国柳属植物主要分布在西北、东北和西南地区。西北地区是中亚分布区 的一部分; 东北地区是东北亚分布区的一部分; 它们又都有一些中欧-西伯利亚和北极-高山成 分。青藏高原与其他分布区间的联系很少,是柳属又一个重要的分布中心。作为泛北极植物 区系的典型属之一的柳属,可能起源于东南亚热带山区。     

柳属植物化学成分研究概况

柳树是园林绿化的重要树种,各部位在民间药用历史悠久。对国内外柳属化学成分研究的相关文献资料进行了系统的整理,综述了柳属植物化学成分的研究进展,为柳属植物的进一步研究和开发提供资料参考。     

柳属一新变种

发表了东北柳属一新变种     

广西杠柳属一新种

广西杠柳属一新种方鼎,凌惠珠（广西中医药研究所,南宁５３００２２）关键词杠柳属;大花杠柳;新种;广西ＡＮＥＷＳＰＥＣＩＥＳＯＦＰＥＲＩＰＬＯＣＡＬＩＮＮ．（ＡＳＣＬＥＰＩＡＤＡＣＥＡＥ）ＦＲＯＭＧＵＡＮＧＸＩ￥ＦａｎｇＤｉｎｇａｎｄＬｉｎｇＨｕｉｚｈ...     

甘肃柳属一新种

灌木,高约1.5m;当年生小枝被淡黄灰色丝状长柔毛,去年生枝多少被毛;芽光滑无毛。叶圆形、宽椭圆形或倒卵圆形,长1.5-2.5(-3) cm,宽1.2-2cm,先端圆形,基部圆形或近圆形,全缘,腹面暗绿色,无毛,背面淡绿色,密被丝状长柔毛,侧脉5-7对,网脉在背面明显;叶柄长0.2-0.4cm,被丝状长柔毛。花枝长1-1.2cm,被丝状长柔毛,具2-3枚正常叶     

中国四川柳属一新种

Workingonthe"FloraofChina"ProjectwiththematerialsaccumulatedattheHerbariumofChengduInstituteofBiology,ChineseAcademyofSciences,inSichuanProvince,wedisclosedaspecimenwhich,toourunderotanding,isrepresentinganew,asyetundescribedspeciesofSalix,itfitsratherwellintosectionPsilostigmataeSchneid.(viewedinabroadsense,asitisacceptedinthe"FloraReipublicaePopularisSinicae,"vol.20/2,1984),andhereitshowscertainresemblancesespeciallytoS.ernestiiSchneid.,S.spathulifoliaSeem.,andS.bistylaHand.-Mazz..…     

甘肃杠柳属一新种

发表了杠柳属一新种即黄花杠柳     

柳属植物在秦岭地区的分布和分化

本文对秦岭地区41种柳属植物采用简约性分析讨论形态演化,采用聚类分析讨论地理分布式样和分化。秦岭地区有较完整的多雄蕊类群→两雄蕊类群→单雄蕊类群的演化。其分布式样和区系特征和邻近地区即华北、华中和西南成分联系密切,表现出明显的过渡性质,其中青藏高原成分占重要地位,特别可以从太白山分布上去说明。本区的地理分化也被青藏高原成分和华中成分所作用。     

广西杠柳属一新种

广西杠柳属一新种方鼎,凌惠珠（广西中医药研究所,南宁５３００２２）关键词杠柳属;大花杠柳;新种;广西ＡＮＥＷＳＰＥＣＩＥＳＯＦＰＥＲＩＰＬＯＣＡＬＩＮＮ．（ＡＳＣＬＥＰＩＡＤＡＣＥＡＥ）ＦＲＯＭＧＵＡＮＧＸＩ￥ＦａｎｇＤｉｎｇａｎｄＬｉｎｇＨｕｉｚｈ...     

后蕊苣苔属分类

本文根据雄蕊、花冠及柱头的形态特征将后蕊苣苔属的9种植物划分为4组,并讨论了这4群的亲缘关系及地理分布.作者同意B.L.Burtt的看法,即汕头后蕊苣苔组可能源于粗筒苣苔属,而后蕊苣苔组等其它3个组可能源于马铃苣苔属。     

中国荨麻科楼梯草属分类

楼梯草属Elatostema Forst.属于荨麻科冷水花族Trib.Procideae,与该族的赤车属Pellionia Gaud.     

世界杨柳科植物的起源,分化和地理分布

全世界杨柳科共有６５０种。分为３属,即钻天柳属、杨属和柳属。花序下垂利于风媒,花序直立利于虫媒。钻天柳属具有利于风媒的雄花序和利于虫媒的雌花序,这是一种进货不完全的现象,是杨柳科中最原始的类群;杨属是杨柳科中适应风媒的分支;柳属是适应虫媒的分支。绝大多数种类分布在北半球温带,是较典型的温带科。其现代分布中分化中心在东亚地区。根据地史资料、化石资料以及杨柳科和其外类群的现代分布情况,我们认为,杨柳科     

中国赤车属分类

赤车属Pellionia Gaud。是荨麻科冷水花族Trib.Prorideae中的一个属,约有70种,主要分布于亚洲热带地区,少数种类分布到亚洲亚热带地区以及大洋洲一些岛屿,在我国约有17种,分布于长江流域及以南各省区。     

PATTERNS OF GENETIC VARIATION IN SALIX SECTION LONGIFOLIAE (SALICACEAE)

Enzyme electrophoresis was used to examine genetic relationships within a taxonomically complex group of diploid willows (Salix section Longifoliae). Forty-eight populations representing seven morphogeographic taxa were analyzed for 15 putative enzyme loci. Levels of genetic variation (A, P, H_e, and H_T) differed greatly among populations, but were generally lower than those reported for other species with similar life history traits. In populations and species from southern latitudes, where populations tend to be smaller and more isolated, genetic variation decreased and population differentiation increased. Genetic identity values suggest that the section is divisible into four major elements: 1) Salix interior, 2) S. taxifolia, 3) the S. exigua group, and 4) S. melanopsis. The first three occupy eastern, southern, and western portions of the continent, respectively. Salix melanopsis is sympatric with the S. exigua group in western North America, but is ecologically distinct. The S. exigua group is differentiated into four major geographic entities: S. hindsiana from west of the Sierras in California and southwest Oregon, S. sessilifolia from west of the Cascades in central Oregon to British Columbia, and a northern and southern race of S. exigua in the Intermountain West. The relationships suggested by allozyme data do not agree with traditional taxonomic concepts. Evidence of hybridization was obtained at five points where taxa come into contact, and Salix fluviatilis may be of hybrid origin. Taxonomic confusion appears to be largely the result of frequent hybridization events and overemphasis of a few highly variable morphological traits. The section appears to be a syngameon undergoing geographic speciation, with one taxon gaining reproductive isolation by a shift in habitat preference.     

MORPHOLOGY AND ANATOMY OF RESIN GLANDS IN SALIX LUCIDA (SALICACEAE)

Resin glands on the first leaves to emerge occur at the tip of each marginal dentation of the lamina and stipule, and on the adaxial surface of the stipule and lamina bases (the latter often extend onto the petiole). Successive emerging leaves show increases in number of basilaminar glands, because increasingly elaborate multiglandular stalks develop. Glands in all locations are conical or domed, with a palisade-like epidermis subtended by 5–6 layers of parenchyma which contains druse crystals. A single vascular bundle (sometimes two or three) ends in a small knob of tracheary elements. Glands usually secrete liquid resin that covers the gland and surrounding area and under certain conditions, particularly in low humidity, resin is extruded as a filament from a pore in the gland apex, a mode of resin secretion not described previously. Glands secreting liquid resin have an apical dimple, but presence of a pore has not been established.     

A set of polymorphic SSR loci for subarctic willow (Salix lanata,S. lapponum and S. herbacea)

We report the development of seven microsatellite markers from a library enriched with [CA]₁₅, [GA]₁₅, [AAG]₈ and [ATG]₈. The library was constructed from Icelandic Salix lanata leaf DNA, and seven highly polymorphic single locus products were tested on a range of Scottish and Icelandic S. lanata samples. These seven loci also amplify polymorphic products when tested for cross amplification in a range of Scottish and Icelandic samples of two other subarctic willows (Salix lapponum and Salix herbacea). The microsatellites developed in this study will provide the framework for comparisons with other ecosystem components, and will ultimately inform conservation strategies.     

Distribution of Willows (Salix) in China

The distribution of willows in China is studied in this paper. The origin of this genus and its distribution in the world are also discussed. There are 255 species of willows in China, taking up 46% of the total number of species of this genus in the world. They belong to 37 sections, which represent almost all forms. China is therefore the richest area in species and sections of willows in the world. This is mostly caused by the uplifting of Qinghai-Xizang (Tibet) plateau. The willows in China are mainly distributed in northwestern, northeastern and southwestern regions. The northwest is a part of central Asian flora. The northeast is a part of northeastern Asian flora. They both have some of the Europe-Siberia and Arctic-Alpine elements. Qinghai-Xizang plateau is another important distribution center of willows, which has no close relation with other floristic regions. As one of typical genera of the Holarctic flora, Salix has probably originated in the tropical mountains of Southeast Asia.     

柳属(杨柳科)五个Rudolf G(o)rz的植物名称后选模式指定

由于Rudolf Gorz在1935年《静生生物调查所汇报》（植物学）第6卷第1期“中国柳属增志”一文中对2新种、2新变种和1新变型植物名称发表时引证了2号或2号以上的标本,但没指定主模式。根据《国际植物命名法规》规则8．1、9．4．9．9,9．10和辅则9A．1、9A．2、9A．3、9A．4的精神,对这些名称作出后选模式指定。     

HETEROPHYLLY IN POPULUS GRANDIDENTATA (SALICACEAE) WITH EMPHASIS ON RESIN GLANDS AND EXTRAFLORAL NECTARIES

Big-tooth aspen displays heterophylly on twigs of saplings and on upper, vigorously growing twigs of larger trees. Early leaves, those present in overwintering buds which expand in spring, differ from late leaves, those that are mostly initiated and developed during the late spring and summer of the same year. The two sets of leaves differ in size, shape, number of teeth, number of marginal resin glands, and number and size of basilaminar extrafloral nectaries. Secretory structures are generally more prominent and active on late leaves. Marginal resin glands, resin-secreting stipules, and basilaminar nectaries of both early and late leaves are similar anatomically, having a secretory epidermis of cytoplasmically dense palisade-like cells separated from vascular bundle endings by several layers of isodiametric parenchyma. These secretory structures, and the dense mat of trichomes which cover the leaf until it fully expands, may help to protect the young leaves from insect damage. The basilaminar nectaries seem especially effective because they attract ants that probably discourage visits by other insects.