植物激素对草莓叶片不定芽形成的影响

用试管内生长的草莓幼嫩叶片作外植体,培养在MS基本培养基上附加1.5—2.5毫克/升6—BA和0.1毫克/升NAA,可直接诱导成不定芽,诱导率可达20%。如果不定芽继代培养在同样浓度的培养基上,继而可形成大量的丛生芽。能使叶外植体形成不定芽的植物激素组合而不能使其愈伤组织分化成芽。IAA与6—BA的不同浓度组合对不定芽形成效果不明显。     

植物激素对空心泡叶片不定芽形成的影响

空心泡是蔷薇科悬钩子属植物,属小果类果树,其聚合果肉质多浆,芳香,果味酸甜。空心泡目前尚处于野生状态,是一种很有利用前景的植物。有关悬钩子属植物组织培养已有许多报道,所有这些工作都     

百合不定芽的快速诱导

为获得麝香百合组织培养最优外植体及探讨蔗糖、6-BA和NAA的最佳用量,本文以MS固体培养基为基础培养基,通过4因素3水平(L9 (34)) 3次重复正交试验,研究不同花器官及不同浓度的蔗糖、6-BA (6 苄基嘌呤)和NAA (α-萘乙酸)对麝香百合组织培养诱导不定芽的影响.结果表明,花托为诱导不定芽最优外植体,诱导不定芽最佳培养基为MS+6-BA 1.0 mg/L+NAA 0.3 mg/L+蔗糖90 g/L.同时经过分析,可以判断本试验中设计的4个试验因素对百合组培的影响程度依次为外植体>蔗糖>奈乙酸和6-苄氨基嘌呤.本研究结果将为百合优良品种的生产提供重要的技术支撑和资源保证.     

烟草叶外植体不定芽的诱导

烟草花药单倍体试管植株Nc89、Nc82、6186,取其完全展开之叶片,切成5mm×5mm大小的叶块,将之接种于补加BA(2mg/L)、蔗糖(5%)、琼脂(0.55%),pH5.8的MS培养基中,然后将其置于23—25℃、12h/d光照的培养间中培养,大致经过14—18天后,在叶外植体边缘部分出现了肉眼可见的绿色小芽,待芽长至约5mm大小时,将其从外植体上分离并置于含1/2 MS大量元素、全量MS微量元素、铁盐及有机物质,并补加KH_2PO_4(50mg/L)、IAA(1mg/L)、蔗糖(3%)、琼脂(0.55%),pH5.8的过渡生根培养基中,待3个星期后芽已长出了3片小叶时再将之转移到含1/2 MS大量元素、MS全量铁盐,并补加IAA(1 mg/L)、蔗糖(1%)、琼脂(0.55%),pH5.8的生根培养基上,5—6天后芽上基部有小根出现,再经过两个星期,试管苗长出了较发达的根系。待其长至3cm—4cm高时,移栽入土,移栽后试管苗成活率高,苗长势很好。     

金鱼草（Antitthinum majus L.）下胚轴外植体不定芽的高频再生

本文发展的技术可以使金鱼草下胚轴外植体不定芽高频再生。添加有2mg/l BAP和0．5mg/l NAA的MS培养基上再生芽出得又快又多,淡黄色愈伤组织易于形成并存活,但主要依赖的是6－BAP。MS培养基中含有0．1mg/l和6mg/l浓度的6－BP均能刺激芽的发育,最适浓度为2－3mg/l。仅加2．4－D,也能形成正常的黄色愈伤组织,但这样形成的愈伤组织在只含有0．1－6mg/l6－BAP或含有2mg/l6－BAP和0．5mg/lNAA的MS培养基上均不能分化生出再生芽来。仅加NAA,能够刺激下胚轴形成根。加入AgNO3,则抑制不定芽的再生,并导致整个外体变成棕色而死亡。组织化学分析结果表明：不定芽的再生源于下胚轴外植体表皮细胞。在不含有任何生长调节的MS培养基上,再生苗均能形成根。再生植株移栽至花盆可开花结实。     

喜树不定芽的诱导及植株再生

1植物名称喜树(Camptotheca acuminate),别名旱莲木. 2材料类别一年生喜树带芽茎段. 3培养条件芽诱导培养基:(1)MS NAA 0.05mg·L-1(单位下同) 6-BA 1.0.芽增殖培养基:(2)MS NAA 0.1 6-BA 0.5;(3)MS NAA 0.1 6-BA 1.0;(4)MS NAA 0.1 6-BA 2.0;(5)MS NAA0.5 6-BA 0.5;(6)MS NAA 0.5 6-BA 1.0;(7)MS NAA 0.5 6-BA 2.0.壮苗培养基:(8)MS NAA 0.05 6-BA 0.1～0.5.生根培养基:(9)1/2MS NAA 0.1 IBA 1.0;(10)1/2MS NAA 0.5 IBA1.0;(11)1/2MS NAA 1.0 IBA 1.0.以上所有培养基均附加6.5 g·L-1琼脂、30 g·L-1蔗糖,pH值为5.9.培养温度为(25±2)℃,光照度为1000～2000lx,光照时间14 h·d-1.     

钾离子对长柄扁桃不定芽诱导的影响

研究了钾离子对长柄扁桃不定芽诱导的影响,结果表明,在MS基本培养基中添加800～1200mg·L-1钾离子有利于长柄扁桃不定芽的形成和生长,不定芽的诱导率和数量分别比对照提高了17％和84％,不定芽的平均高度提高了64％;高浓度钾离子（〉1600mg·L。）可导致长柄扁桃不定芽严重褐化。生理指标测定结果表明,适当浓度的钾离子提高了抗氧化酶（SODPOD）的活性和不定芽的组织细胞活力;高剂量的钾离子（〉1600mg·L-1）显著增加了不定芽中MDA的含量。     

杂交鹅掌楸的不定芽诱导及植株再生

1　植物名称　杂交鹅掌楸 (Ｌｉｒｉｏｄｅｎｄｒｏｎｈｙｂｒｉｄ———Ｌ .ｃｈｉｎｅｎｓｅ×Ｌ .ｔｕｌｉｐｉｆｅｒａ)。2　材料类别　春季的萌动芽。3　培养条件　不定芽的诱导培养基 :(1 )ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ1 .0ｍｇ·Ｌ-1(单位下同 ) ＫＴ 0 .5 ＩＢＡ 0 .2 Ｖｃ5 ;(2 )     

梨叶柄再生不定芽的研究

研究获得了梨品种八月红和水晶的叶柄再生不定芽,不定芽由愈伤组织分化形成。诱导叶柄再生不定芽的适宜培养基为NN69＋IBA0.5mg/L（八月红）或IAA0.5mg/L(水晶）＋TDZ1.0mg/L＋蔗糖30g/L＋琼脂6.0g.。AgNO3浓度在0.1-1.5mg/L范围对八月红梨叶柄再生有促进作用,培养基中附加AgNO30.5mg/L八月红梨叶柄再生效率最高。     

酸枣叶片不定梢形成及玻璃化的影响因素

以酸枣无菌苗叶片为外植体,研究了培养条件对不定梢再生及不定梢玻璃化的影响.结果表明,叶片在加有细胞分裂素TDZ的诱导培养基(培养基Ⅰ)上连续培养,可诱导不定芽形成,但不能进一步发育成不定梢;而在诱导培养基Ⅰ上培养2周后转移到不加TDZ的培养基Ⅱ上,可获得不定芽伸长的不定梢.培养基Ⅱ的基本培养基组成影响不定芽(梢)的玻璃化症状:MS培养基产生玻璃化的不定芽(梢),而WPM培养基产生正常不定芽梢;光培养条件的变化对玻璃化症状的发生没有影响.不定芽(梢)玻璃化的发生可能与培养基中铵或硝酸铵的浓度有关,在不定芽伸长发育阶段,培养基中高浓度的铵导致了玻璃化苗的发生.     

生长调节物质对草莓叶片再生不定芽的影响

MS培养基中添加3.0 mg·L-16-BA和0.1 mg·L-12,4-D的草莓"达斯莱克特"叶片再生频率最高可达94%.2,4-D诱导"达斯莱克特"叶片不定芽的能力明显优于IAA、IBA."童子1号"则以IAA的效果较好.TDz可提高"童子1号"叶片再生频率达80%,但对"达斯莱克特"的诱导效果不及6-BA.另外,KT与6-BA配合诱导不定芽优于单独使用KT.     

Adventitious shoot regeneration fromFagus sylvatica leaf explantsin vitro

Summary Adventitious shoots were induced on transversally divided expanding leaves fromFagus sylvatica shoot cultures of juvenile origin. Adventitious shoot buds formed mainly on callus that developed on the petiole stump or on the cut across the midrib of distal leaf halves. However, sometimes they arose directly from leaf tissue. An anatomical study confirmed both the direct and indirect origin of the adventitious buds. The best results were obtained by culturing proximal leaf sections on woody plant medium supplemented with 2.9 μM indole-3 acetic acid in combination with 8.9 μM benzyladenine or 2.3 μM thidiazuron (TDZ). Proximal explants were more responsive than distal explants in terms of both callus formation and bud regeneration, regardless of the induction medium or clone tested. Bud formation capacity was influenced by the genotype of the stock shoot culture and was enhanced by an initial 10 d darkness, but was inhibited by longer periods of darkness. Caulogenic competence was significantly affected by the duration of exposure to TDZ; in particular, adventitious shoot length was depressed by increasing the exposure period. Three weeks culture with TDZ was the most efficient treatment for shoot production and elongation. Further shoot development was promoted by subculturing the explants to the same medium used for the maintenance of the stock shoot cultures. Shoots so obtained were multiplied and rooted producing plantlets of adventitious origin.     

亚麻组织培养高频不定芽诱导体系

对适合南方地区冬季种植的纤用亚麻品种组织培养过程中基本培养基、激素配比、外植体材料的基因型和苗龄以及再生不定芽的生根条件进行了比较研究。结果表明,适合于亚麻白花品种组织培养的最佳培养基为YB1,不定芽诱导率可达98.50%。在此培养基上,白花、黑亚4号、K6531、K7697、HI026、HI045、I039和阿丽亚那下胚轴不定芽的诱导率分别为98.50%、98.50%、56.50%、42.47%、54.40%、0、27.13%和97.30%,平均出芽数为11.43、9.33、2.17、0.77、1.10、0、0.90和10.68。苗龄为7-10天的下胚轴最适于诱导不定芽,随苗龄增加,不定芽的诱导率呈下降趋势。RB5培养基最适于不定芽的生根,生根率达100%,平均生根数为15.3。实验还确定了亚麻对卡那霉素、氨苄青霉素和头孢霉素的抗性浓度阈值。     

Artemisinin Production by Adventitious Shoots of Artemisia annua in a Novel Mist Bioreactor

A novel ultrasonic inner-loop bioreactor was used for artemisinin production by adventitious shoots in a multiplate culture of Artemisia annua L. The bioreactor was designed to allow the nutrient mist to uprise along a concentric draught-cylinder until it overflows from the top opening and the side-holes of the central tube downward and out of the annulus, so that the nutrient mist can be fulfilled in the bioreactor within 2 ~ 3 minutes. Under the misting cycles of every 3-minute misting in every 90 minute interval, artemisinin production reached totally 46.9 mg DW/L of culture medium at an airflow rate of 0.5 L/min for 25 d of culture in batches. The product amounted 2.9 and 3.2 folds of those obtained from culturing in solid medium and in shaking flasks respectively.     

生长素、乙烯和一氧化氮对拟南芥下胚轴插条形成不定根的调节

研究生长素、乙烯和一氧化氮（NO）对拟南芥下胚轴插条形成不定根的调节,以及生长素和乙烯信号转导成员在IAA促进不定根形成中的作用的结果表明：拟南芥切条以IAA和硝普钠（N0供体）单独处理7d后的不定根形成均受到促进,其中以50μmol·L^-1 IAAμmol·L^-1 SNP的促进作用为最强,乙烯的促进作用不明显;生长素运输和信号转导以及乙烯信号转导相关突变体对IAA促进生根作用的敏感性比野生型有所下降,特别是IAA14功能获得型的突变体。IAA和NO在促进不定根形成中有协同效应。     

Potential of bacterial indoleacetic acid to induce adventitious shoots in plant tissue culture

AIMS: The main aim of this study was to investigate the possible role of indoleacetic acid (IAA) from bacteria to induce in vitro adventitious shoots in internodal explants of Brassica oleracea L. METHODS AND RESULTS: Culture supernatant of Halomonas sp. RE1 and Halomonas sp. HT1 that contain 21 and 40 microg ml(-1) IAA, respectively, was used to supplement Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium. Two combinations that were supplemented with bacterial supernatant (BS) are MS + BS and MS + BS + 10%CW (coconut water) while basal MS medium was used as control. The amounts of BS used in this experiment were 50, 100, 150 and 200 microl in 5 ml MS medium in each combination. In vitro-grown internodal explants of B. oleracea were inoculated on these media combinations and incubated in a growth chamber at 25 +/- 1 degrees C and exposed to 16-h cool fluorescent light. After 5-6 weeks of incubation adventitious shoot induction was observed in all treatments that were supplemented with BS as compared with the controls where very low response was observed. The frequency of shoot induction was high in media that were supplemented with 10%CW in the presence of bacterial auxin. CONCLUSIONS: It was concluded that IAA of microbial origin has the potential to induce adventitious shoots in internodal explants. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: IAA from bacteria can be effectively used in plant tissue culture; especially a combination of MS + BS + 10%CW is very cost-effective as compared with synthetic phytohormones for in vitro studies.     

诱导二倍体和同源四倍体白菜细胞质雄性不育系不定芽培养基的筛选

以二倍体和四倍体白菜细胞质雄性不育系的子叶为外植体,采用正交设计研究TDZ(0.1、0.5、1.0 mg·L-1)、NAA(0.1、0.5、0.8 mg·L-1)和AgNO3(0、5、10mg·L-1)三因素三水平诱导不定芽的结果表明:二倍体的不定芽再生优化培养基为MS 1.0 mg·L-1TDZ 0.8mg·L-1NAA 5 mg·L-1AgNO3(其再生率为80.7%),三因素影响的顺序为:NAA＞AgNO3＞TDZ;四倍体的不定芽再生优化培养基为MS 0.5 mg·L-1 TDZ 0.5 mg·L-1 NAA 10 mg·L-1 AgNO3(再生率为83.3%),三因素影响的顺序为:AgNO3＞NAA＞TDZ.后者所需TDZ/IAA的比值低于前者.     

脱落酸对绿豆下胚轴不定根发生的影响

以10^-4 mol/L脱落酸(ABA)处理绿豆种子24 h,在幼苗下胚轴长6 cm时,切除根部作为插条,研究ABA对插条不定根发生及插条基部细胞周期时相的影响。结果表明,ABA可促进下胚轴插条不定根发生,增加生根数和生根范围;ABA提高插条基部细胞色氨酸转氨酶、吲哚丙酮酸脱羧酶和吲哚乙醛脱氢酶的比活性,增加吲哚乙酸含量,同时进入细胞周期S期的基部细胞数目增加,促进DNA合成,有利于不定根的发生。     

培养因子对艾西丝南瓜芽增殖及不定根形成的影响

以艾西丝南瓜带芽茎段为外植体 ,研究了基本培养基、激素、糖、光照、培养基支持物等因子对芽增殖及不定根形成的影响。结果表明 :艾西丝南瓜芽增殖的最佳培养条件为 :MS BA 0 .5～ 1 .0mg/L IAA 0 .1～ 0 .5mg/L 食用白糖 30g/L ,芽的月增殖系数稳定在 1 0左右 ;不定根诱导的适宜条件是 :1 /2MS 食用白糖 2 0g/L ,生根率达 86% ;且自然散射光条件 ( 1 0 0 0～ 50 0 0Lx)优于灯光 ( 1 0 0 0～2 0 0 0Lx) ;以脱脂棉作生根培养基支持物效果优于琼脂 ,其芽增殖系数和生根率分别提高 2 6%和 7%。