微胶囊固定化酵母培养的研究

进行了ＮａＣＳＰＤＭＤＡＡＣ微胶囊固定化酒精酵母和产朊假丝酵母的实验研究。考察了这两种酵母的培养规律,发现微胶囊固定化酒精酵母的产酒精情况与游离培养基本一致,在连续发酵１６批后,仍具有良好的性能。同时固定化产谷胱甘肽（ＧＳＨ）的产朊假丝酵母的研究也表明固定化培养ＧＳＨ产量与游离细胞产量相近     

SA/NaCS-PDMDAAC微胶囊固定化酵母细胞合成胞苷三磷酸

通过海藻酸钠/纤维素硫酸钠-聚二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵(SA/NaCS-PDMDAAC)微胶囊固定化酵母细胞将胞苷一磷酸(CMP)转化为胞苷三磷酸(CTP),考察了各种因素条件对CTP转化率的影响,以提高CTP的转化率.通过考察分批补料添加葡萄糖,固定化酵母量,CMP浓度等以达到提高CTP转化率的要求.结果在250 mL锥...     

九连小檗悬浮培养细胞的固定化研究

用藻酸钙及聚氨酯泡沫固定九连小檗悬浮培养细胞，结果表明：采用延滞期的细胞固定时，到培养基的药根碱较多。电镜观察显示：固定的细胞在聚氨酯泡沫网格中不断生长，直至充满整个泡沫，并有一部分在泡沫表面生长。２０天继代一次。连续培养１４０天后，通过测定呼吸强度，证明细胞仍有生活力。     

微胶囊固定化酵母培养的研究*

进行了NaCS-PDMDAAC微胶囊固定化酒精酵母和产朊假丝酵母的实验研究。考察了这两种酵母的培养规律,发现微胶囊固定化酒精酵母的产酒精情况与游离培养基本一致,在连续发酵16批后,仍具有良好的性能。同时固定化产谷胱甘肽(GSH)的产朊假丝酵母的研究也表明固定化培养GSH产量与游离细胞产量相近。     

乙基纤维素微胶囊对过氧化氢酶固定化的研究

以乙基纤维素作膜材,用液中干燥法使过氧化氢酶微胶囊化。研究了微胶囊化操作条件对酶活性的影响。通过测定微胶囊化酶的释放曲线,证明微胶囊膜对过氧化氢酶具有较好的固定性能力。固定化酶用于催化底物过氧化氢分解,测定米氏常数为０．５５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ。     

无载体固定化培养模式下HEK293细胞的生长和代谢特征

利用HEK293细胞在悬浮培养体系中下具有聚集成团的体外培养特性,在250ml的spinner flask搅拌式细胞培养瓶中以悬浮细胞团的形式实施HEK293细胞的无载体固定化培养,以细胞密度、细胞活力、细胞团粒径分布和葡萄糖比消耗率 (qglc)、乳酸比产率 (qlac)、乳酸转化率 (Ylac/glc)、氨基酸消耗为观察指标,同时设置静止培养体系作为参照,考察无载体固定化培养模式下的HEK293细胞生长和代谢特征。观察结果表明,HEK293细胞在搅拌式细胞培养瓶中无载体固定化培养和在组织培养瓶中静止贴壁培养表现为基本相同的细胞生长和代谢特征,平均粒径小于300μm的细胞团中的物质传递能够满足HEK293细胞维持正常生长和代谢的基本需要。HEK293细胞的无载体固定化培养便于实施灌注操作、提高生物反应器单位体积的生产效率。     

固定化细胞技术在食品工业中的应用研究

本文从酿酒、酿醋、酿制酱油、生产果胶酶、生产木糖醇、柑桔汁类果汁的脱苦等几个方面综述了固定化细胞技术在食品工业中的应用。     

固定化细胞成型机械的研究综述

对固定化细胞成型机械的研究情况进行了概括,提出目前研究的成型机械主要有三种类型：一是滴落法固定;二是液流挤出法;三是分散成型法,并对各种成型方法及装置进行了评价。     

固定化细胞和酶生产L-苹果酸的新进展

本文简要地介绍了近年来用固定化细胞和固定化酶连续化生产L-苹果酸的新技术,提取产品的新工艺,L-苹果酸的性质以及它的用途等。     

用吸附法固定化培养紫草细胞

采用生物活性载体 ,通过吸附固定化方式 ,结合液体石蜡原位萃取技术 ,培养紫草细胞。测定了细胞生长、底物消耗和产物合成的动力学 ,紫草宁产率为 0 .916 g/g干重细胞和 0 .95 3g/g干重接种细胞 ,分别为悬浮培养的 12 .7倍和 6 .3倍。同时 ,对吸附与包埋固定化方法进行了综合比较 ,探讨了吸附固定化方法的应用前景。     

Comparison of Cell Growth and Alkaloid Production of Catharanthus roseus Cells Cultured in Shake Flask and in Bioreactor

The cell growth and alkaloid production of Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don cells cultured in the shake flasks with different volumes and in the stirred tank bioreactor (10 L) were compared. Cell dry weight and alkaloid production showed no significant difference in the small volume scale-up shake flasks. When more broths were added to a certain volume in the shake flask, both cell weight and alkaloid production were decreased. The maximum cell dry weight was similar between the cell cultures in the shake flask and the bioreactor, but the alkaloid production of cells was much less in the bioreactor. Gas regime and shear stress were recognized to be the main factors contributing the important effect on alkaloid production during the scale-up processes.     

Immobilization of Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Cells by Gel Entrapment Using Various Metal Alginates

Summary Immobilization of whole yeast cells (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) in calcium alginate is well known. The present work describes the feasibility of gel entrapment of whole cell yeast using strontium, barium, calcium–strontium, calcium–barium and strontium–barium alginates.     

海藻酸钠包埋法制备固定化菠萝蛋白酶

以海藻酸钠为载体,包埋法固定菠萝蛋白酶,对固定化奈件进行优化,同时探讨固定化菠萝蛋白酶的部分酶学性能。结果表明：固定化菠萝蛋白酶的质量受海藻酸钠质量分数、固定化酶量、固定化时间以及CaCl2质量分数的影响,其最佳固定化条件为：海藻酸钠质量分数1．0％,CaCl2质量分数3％,固定化酶液量与海藻酸钠体积之比1：2,固定化时间60min,在此条件下,制备的固定化菠萝蛋白酶的比活力为211．8U／g（湿质量载体）,由此制得的固定化酶的最适pH为7．6,与游离酶相比,升高了0．8个pH单位,同时显示固定化菠萝蛋白酶能耐受较高的碱性环境,固定化酶最适温度与游离酶相同,均为50℃,固定化酶在较高温度范围内,仍能保持较高的相对活力。     

Cultivation of Mammalian Cells Using a Single-use Pneumatic Bioreactor System

Recent advances in mammalian, insect, and stem cell cultivation and scale-up have created tremendous opportunities for new therapeutics and personalized medicine innovations. However, translating these advances into therapeutic applications will require in vitro systems that allow for robust, flexible, and cost effective bioreactor systems. There are several bioreactor systems currently utilized in research and commercial settings; however, many of these systems are not optimal for establishing, expanding, and monitoring the growth of different cell types. The culture parameters most challenging to control in these systems include, minimizing hydrodynamic shear, preventing nutrient gradient formation, establishing uniform culture medium aeration, preventing microbial contamination, and monitoring and adjusting culture conditions in real-time. Using a pneumatic single-use bioreactor system, we demonstrate the assembly and operation of this novel bioreactor for mammalian cells grown on micro-carriers. This bioreactor system eliminates many of the challenges associated with currently available systems by minimizing hydrodynamic shear and nutrient gradient formation, and allowing for uniform culture medium aeration. Moreover, the bioreactor’s software allows for remote real-time monitoring and adjusting of the bioreactor run parameters. This bioreactor system also has tremendous potential for scale-up of adherent and suspension mammalian cells for production of a variety therapeutic proteins, monoclonal antibodies, stem cells, biosimilars, and vaccines.     

Immobilization of Cells for Application in the Food Industry

Abstract

Immobilization of cells offers advantages to the food process industries, including enhanced fermentation productivity and cell stability and reduced downstream processing costs due to facilitated cell recovery and recycle. This article summarizes the varied immobilization methodologies, including adsorption, entrapment, covalent binding, and microencapsulation. Examples of interest to the food industry are provided, together with a review of the physiological effects of immobilization. Topics in process engineering include immobilized cell bioreactor configurations and the scale-up potential of the various immobilization techniques.     

A New Way to Investigate Living Flagellated/Ciliated Cells in the Light Microscope: Immobilization of Cells in Agarose

A method for cell immobilization of living flagellated/ciliated cells in agarose has been developed that allows single cells to be viewed for prolonged periods of time using high resolution light microscopy. Embedding in ultralow gelling, soft agarose preserves cellular functions of various flagellated/ciliated protists including delicate species, marine dinoflagellates, cryptomonads, contractile ciliates, etc. for days. Cell division, morphogenesis of cell organelles and intracellular movements can thus be studied for the first time in great detail. The method may also be useful for the isolation of flagellated/ciliated protists from nature and for the establishment of axenic clonal cultures in a single step.     

Immobilization of lipase by salts and the transesterification activity in hexane

Lipases from six different sources were immobilized on Celite and five types of salt. The transesterification activities in hexane for lipases immobilized on EDTA-Na₂ increased by 463% for the lipase from Candida rugosa (CRL), 2700% for the lipase from Candida sp. (CSL) and 1215% for the lipase from Pseudomonas sp. (PSL), compared to the salt-free enzyme. With 0.5% sucrose for CRL or 1% sorbitol for PSL as the lyoprotectant during lyophilization process, transesterification activity increased by 100% and 13%, respectively, compared to the immobilized enzyme on EDTA-Na₂ without lyoprotectant.     

磁性纳米颗粒固定化乙醇脱氢酶的研究

本研究采用3-丙氨基三乙氧基硅烷(APTES)和戊二醛修饰包裹有SiO2磁性Fe3O4纳米颗粒表面,将其作为固定化载体固定化乙醇脱氢酶,研究固定化条件对固定化效率的影响,并对固定化酶性质进行分析。研究发现,当Fe3O4@SiO2纳米颗粒修饰上氨基和醛基后依然具有良好的水分散性和胶体稳定性,适合作为固定化载体。通过单因素优化,发现当最适给酶量为11. 3U/100 mg,搅拌转速为150 r/min,固定化p H和固定化温度分别控制在6. 5和5℃～15℃,固定化时长为45 min时,具有较好的固定化效果,固定化率可达到60. 2%。在此条件下制备得到的固定化酶与游离酶相比,固定化酶具有良好的耐高温和耐碱性。所得固定化乙醇脱氢酶在连续使用8次后,固定化率仍保留在57%左右,表明该固定化酶具有较好的操作稳定性,可为连续生产NADH提供技术依据。