中国薹草属二柱薹草亚属（莎草科）增补

报道了发现于新疆布尔津的一个中国新记录种——卵形薹草Carex leporina L.,提供了其形态描述和线描图。该种因具有雌雄顺序的小穗和鳞片状的苞片而与卵果薹草C. maackii Maxim.近缘,但花序较短、小穗较少而与后者不同。这两种植物隶属于薹草属二柱薹草亚属卵形薹草组subgen. Vignea sect. Ovales。     

中国莎草科新记录种对马薹草及其与近缘种的比较研究

报道了中国莎草科薹草属一新记录种：对马薹草（Carex tsushimensis（Ohwi）Ohwi）。该种现知分布于日本九州的对马岛和中国浙江省遂昌县的九龙山国家级自然保护区,生长于林下水沟边。根据小坚果先端具僧帽状膨大的环盘特征,对马薹草属于灰帽薹草组（sect.Mitratae）,形态接近中华薹草（C.chinensis）、伴生薹草（C.sociata）和龙奇薹草（C.longkiensis）。对马薹草与伴生薹草最为近缘,区别主要在于前者叶片宽2~4 mm,小穗较少,4或5个,顶生雄小穗与其下的侧生小穗稍疏远,雌花鳞片先端延伸成长约3 mm的粗糙长芒。     

中国广西薹草属(莎草科)一新种——大苗山薹草

描述了我国广西大苗山莎草科Cyperaceae一新种——大苗山薹草Carex damiaoshanensis X. F. Jin ＆ C. Z. Zheng。本种形态上与花葶薹草C. scaposa C. B. Clarke接近, 区别主要在秆、秆生叶和支花序轴均无毛, 支花序数较少, 小穗疏生雌花。对秆、支花序梗、秆生叶和小坚果扫描电镜观察也显示了这二者的区别。     

福建薹草(莎草科)的考证

在整理和鉴定浙闽薹草属Carex植物的过程中,发现福建薹草Cares fokienensis Dunn较早发表但并未被注意。通过文献查阅、模式标本研究和野外观察,认为闽清薹草C.minqingensis Z．P.Wang、九仙山薹草C jiuxiangshanensis L.K．Dai＆Y.Z．Huang、苍绿薹草C.pallideviridis K．L．Chv（裸名）在果囊和雌花鳞片等鉴别性特征上与福建薹草并没有区别,应该处理为福建薹草的异名。     

关于中国薹草属高秆薹草组(莎草科)的分类问题

《中国植物志》中记载的薹草属高秆薹草组包括区别显著的两类植物,一类具有间断的穗状花序和叶状苞片,另一类穗状花序紧密、苞片鳞片状或刚毛状,宜分为两个不同的组：高秆薹草组和卵形薹草组。文中将高秆薹草组和卵形薹草组与近缘的薮薹草组进行了形态学比较,并提供了中国高秆薹草组和卵形薹草组的分类纲要。     

中国莎草科新记录种对马薹草及其与近缘种的比较研究

报道了中国莎草科薹草属一新记录种:对马薹草(Carex tsushimensis (Ohwi) Ohwi)。该种现知分布于日本九州的对马岛和中国浙江省遂昌县的九龙山国家级自然保护区,生长于林下水沟边。根据小坚果先端具僧帽状膨大的环盘特征,对马薹草属于灰帽薹草组(sect. Mitratae),形态接近中华薹草(C. chinensis)、伴生薹草(C. sociata)和龙奇薹草(C. longkiensis)。对马薹草与伴生薹草最为近缘,区别主要在于前者叶片宽2～4 mm,小穗较少,4或5个,顶生雄小穗与其下的侧生小穗稍疏远,雌花鳞片先端延伸成长约3 mm的粗糙长芒。     

中国薹草属(莎草科)研究随记(Ⅳ).隐匿薹草组的分类修订(英文)

隐匿薹草组(Carex sect.Infossae)为最近建立的薹草属(Carex)的组,当时报导分布于我国安徽和江苏,有2种和1变种,即隐匿薹草(C.infossa)、显穗薹草(变种)(C.infossa var.extensa)和矮秆薹草(C.minuticulmis)。根据描述,另有15种和2变种应归属本组,这些分类群具有较为一致的特征:果囊椭圆球状卵球形或卵球形,通常疏被短毛或近无毛,先端渐狭成中等长的喙,喙口具2小齿;瘦果卵球形,先端钝或微凹。通过文献考证、标本查阅、野外采集,并结合果囊和瘦果的扫描电镜观察,对隐匿薹草组所涉及的种(含种下类群)进行了分类修订。该组仅有2种:百里薹草(C.blinii)和尖叶薹草(C.oxyphylla)。将Carex elmeri、C.granifera、矮秆薹草(C.minuticulmis)、上海薹草(C.shanghaiensis C.blinii subsp.shanghaiensis)、C.sublateralis、C.taihokuensis和锐果薹草(C.tatsutakensis)并入百里薹草;将沟囊薹草(C.canaliculata)、樟木薹草(C.changmuensis)、C.distantiflora、隐匿薹草(C.infossa)、显穗薹草(C.infossa var.extensa)、C.lateralis、C.loheri、无芒长嘴薹草(C.longerostrata var.exaristata)、城湾薹草(C.longerostrata var.hoi)、C.lyi、和平菱果薹草(C.macrandrolepis)和C.sharyotensis并入尖叶薹草。     

广西薹草属(莎草科)一新种——贺州薹草

根状茎短。秆丛生,高20～55cm,扁三棱形,纤细,平滑,基部具暗褐色的叶鞘。叶长于或短于秆,宽2．5～4mm,边缘粗糙。苞片短叶状,上部的刚毛状,短于小穗,具鞘。小穗4～5个,顶生小穗雄性,线形,长3～6cm,小穗柄长1～2．5cm;侧生小穗雌性,线状圆柱形,长1～3．5cm,直立,花疏生,小穗柄长0．6～5cm,最上一个雌小穗柄藏于苞鞘内。雄花鳞片狭倒披针形,顶端钝,淡褐色,     

薹草属少花薹草组（莎草科）小坚果形态和微形态及其分类学意义

利用扫描电镜对少花薹草组（Carex sect. Paniceae）27种及4变种（东亚14种4变种,北美13种）小坚果形态与微形态特征进行比较观察。结果表明（：1）所有材料小坚果的形状为倒卵球形和钝三棱状,组内很一致,长度为1.53～3.59 mm,同种不同居群个体差异不显著（P>0.05）。（2）表皮细胞一般为五至七边形,偶有四边形或八边形,丝柄薹草（C. rouyana）不同个体间有变异;垂周璧式样直或微波状;硅质台平,偶有凹或略凸,具1个中心体,C. filipes var. kuzakaiensis和C. filipes var. tremula中偶见2个中心体,无卫星体,这些性状种内稳定。（3）利用表皮细胞形状、硅质台凹凸情况和中心体个数对于区分近似种具有价值,如白马薹草（C. baimaensis）和线柄薹草（C. filipes）,且可以区分一些种下等级,如线柄薹草及其变种var. kuzakaiensis、var. oligostachys和var. tremula。（4）sect. Paniceae s.s.和sect. Laxiflorae小坚果形态和微形态...     

浙江薹草属（莎草科）新分类群

摘要描述及图解了浙江薹草属Carex 5新种和1新变种,它们是：灰帽薹草组sect. Mitratae Kükenth.的天目山薹草Carex tianmushanica C. Z. Zheng & X. F. Jin和拟三穗薹草C. pseudotristachya X. F. Jin & C. Z. Zheng;匏囊薹草组sect. Lageniformes (Ohwi) Nelmes的密毛薹草C. densipilosa C. Z. Zheng & X. F. Jin;菱形果薹草组sect. Rhomboidales Kükenth.的浙南薹草C. austrozhejiangensis C. Z. Zheng & X. F. Jin和朝芳薹草C. chaofangii C. Z. Zheng & X. F. Jin;疏花薹草组sect. Laxiflorae Kunth的无芒长嘴薹草C. longerostrata C. A. Mey. var. exaristata X. F. Jin & C. Z. Zheng。     

MORPHOLOGY,INHERITANCE, AND EVOLUTIONARY SIGNIFICANCE OF SEX REVERSAL IN TRIPSACUM DACTYLOIDES (POACEAE)

Inflorescences of Tripsacum dactyloides (L.) L. (Andropogoneae) are characterized by single female spikelets at one to several basal nodes and paired male spikelets at several nodes above them on each raceme. Female spikelets are one-flowered and male spikelets are two-flowered. A sex form variant was found in a wild population in north central Kansas and classified as T. dactyloides (L.) L. forma prolificum Dayton et Dewald. The variant of this native distant relative of maize (Zea mays L. spp. mays) differs from the normal form by having both pistillate and perfect rather than staminate spikelets in the terminal (tassel) portion of the inflorescence and by having two functional pistillate florets in the basal spikelets instead of one. A recessive major gene at a single locus regulates the change of the inflorescence from monoecious to gynomonoecious.     

中国赖草属(禾本科)一新种——贫穗赖草

报道了中国西部赖草属一新种———贫穗赖草。该种相似于若羌赖草和广叉赖草,但它不同于前者在于穗状花序的中部或下部具孪生小穗,外稃披针形、无毛,具1.0~1.5 mm长的短尖头,内稃短于外稃1.0~1.5 mm,沿上部脊疏生小刺,叶鞘无毛,具非膜质边缘;不同于后者在于秆较高,叶片内卷,穗状花序稀疏、狭窄,小穗较短,颖较长,外稃披针形、较长,具5条不明显的脉。     

Carex jianfengensis (Carex sect. Rhomboidales,Cyperaceae), a New Species from Hainan,China

A new species of Carex sect. Rhomboidales, C. jianfengensis, is described and illustrated from Hainan, China. The new species is similar to C. zunyiensis but differs in having involucral bracts sparsely hispid and with ca.1 cm long sheaths; inflorescence with 4 spikes, terminal spike ca. 2.5 cm long, lateral spikes 2–3.5 × 0.7–1 cm; staminate glumes narrowly ovate, ca. 5 mm; pistillate glumes triangular-lanceolate, 5–7 mm; perigynia 6–8 × 3 mm and pubescent on veins; nutlet 4–5 mm long, rhombic-ovoid, trigonous, base with shortly stipitate, apex abruptly contracted into a erect short beak, and not expanding into an annulate orifice.     

Analysis of inflorescence organogenesis in eastern gamagrass, Tripsacum dactyloides (Poaceae): the wild type and the gynomonoecious gsf1 mutant

Inflorescence organogenesis of a wild-type and a gynomonoecious (pistillate) mutant in Tripsacum dactyloides was studied using scanning electron microscopy. SEM (scanning electron microscope) analysis indicated that wild-type T. dactyloides (Eastern gamagrass) expressed a pattern of inflorescence organogenesis that is observed in other members of the subtribe Tripsacinae (Zea: maize and teosinte), family Poaceae. Branch primordia are initiated acropetally along the rachis of wild-type inflorescences in a distichous arrangement. Branch primordia at the base of some inflorescences develop into long branches, which themselves produce an acropetal series of distichous spikelet pair primordia. All other branch primordia function as spikelet pair primordia and bifurcate into pedicellate and sessile spikelet primordia. In all wild-type inflorescences development of the pedicellate spikelets is arrested in the proximal portion of the rachis, and these spikelets abort, leaving two rows of solitary sessile spikelets. Organogenesis of spikelets and florets in wild-type inflorescences is similar to that previously described in maize and the teosintes. Our analysis of gsf1 mutant inflorescences reveals a pattern of development similar to that of the wild type, but differs from the wild type in retaining (1) the pistillate condition in paired spikelets along the distal portion of the rachis and (2) the lower floret in sessile spikelets in the proximal region of the rachis. The gsf1 mutation blocks gynoecial tissue abortion in both the paired-spikelet and the unpaired-spikelet zone. This study supports the hypothesis that both femaleness and maleness in Zea and Tripsacum inflorescences are derived from a common developmental pathway. The pattern of inflorescence development is not inconsistent with the view that the maize ear was derived from a Tripsacum genomic background.     

水烛的花部形态观察——兼论与长苞香蒲的分类学界定

通过腊叶标本研究、野外观察和文献考证,结合栽培试验,研究了香蒲科水烛（Typha angustifolia L.）花部结构特征,补充描述了该种丝状毛在子房柄上的着生方式、小穗不孕雌花数目等性状特征,观察了在成熟期不同阶段其孕性雌花柱头与小苞片的长度变异。结果显示,水烛孕性雌花小苞片呈宽披针形、匙形或条形,先端褐色,短于柱头,或与柱头近等长或稍长于柱头;子房柄上的丝状毛除少数散生外,多数基部合生呈鞘状或束状,在子房柄下部呈1～4轮排列;小穗不孕雌花常3（～4）枚。研究材料在7月中旬前后雌花小苞片明显短于柱头,随果穗成熟小苞片与柱头近等长。长苞香蒲（T.domingensis Pers.）子房柄上的丝状毛形态和着生方式与水烛中的情况基本一致,但小苞片白色透明,小穗不孕雌花常1（～2）枚。这表明水烛孕性雌花小苞片和柱头的长度比例与不同成熟阶段有关系,不宜作为与长苞香蒲的区别特征,而小穗不孕雌花数目和小苞片颜色等特征对两物种的划分有较重要的意义。     

云南报春花属(报春花科)一新变种--长萼铁梗报春

报道了云南报春花属一新变种,即长萼铁梗报春Primula sinolisteri Balf．f．var．longicalyx D．W．Xue＆C．Q．Zhang。新变种与原变种的不同之处在于：花冠喉部具环状附属物,外面无毛,花萼与冠筒近等长,长7—10mm。     

Early ontogenetic development of the pistillate inflorescence in a diploid perennial teosinte (Zea diploperennis, Poaceae)

CAMARA-HERNANDEZ J. & GAMBINO, S., 1991. Early ontogenetic development of the pistillate inflorescence in a diploid perennial teosinte (Zea diploperennis , Poaceae). The early ontogeny of pistillate inflorescences of %ea diploperennis in plants grown at the latitude of Buenos Aires, Argentina, is investigated using the scanning electron microscope. The pattern of development of the inflorescence is similar to that in staminate and mixed inflorescences, starting with the formation of a pair of spikelets from a common branch primordium initiated in the axil of a bract on the ear axis. This bract arrests its development and aborts early. After initiation of an outer glume on both spikelet primordia, the pedicellate spikelet arrests its growth and aborts resulting in the mature inflorescence having two rows of solitary spikelets arranged distichally. This is significantly different from the pattern observed by other authors in plants grown in different environments (such as in natural populations in Mexico).     

贵州杜鹃花属（杜鹃花科）一新种——荔波杜鹃

描述了贵州杜鹃花属（杜鹃花科）一新种———荔波杜鹃Rhododendron liboense Z.R.Chen&K.M.Lan。该种以花序顶生,花冠粉红色,宽钟状,子房密被白色腺毛,柱头头状而近似于凉山杜鹃R.huianum Fang,但叶片狭窄,宽1.6-2.8cm,花序轴长1-3cm,花7-9朵,花冠较大,直径约8cm,花萼短小,长仅1-2mm而不同。     

新疆翠雀属(毛茛科)一新种——文采新翠雀花

报道了产于中国新疆天山的翠雀属(毛茛科)一新种——文采新翠雀花Delphinium neowentsaii C. Y. Yang。该种的叶为肾形,叶柄基部不扩展,花较小,组成稀疏总状花序,花梗被贴伏短柔毛,上萼片的距圆锥状钻形,长13-15 mm,基部宽约3 mm,外面疏被短柔毛,萼片蓝色,与西伯利亚的疏花翠雀花D. laxiflorum DC.很相似,但其花瓣和退化雄蕊均为淡黄色而易于区别。