中性蛋白酶基因诱导型表达分泌载体的构建

利用PCR方法分别扩增出sacB基因的启动子-信号肽序列（sacR）和枯草芽孢杆菌中性蛋白酶的前肽-成熟肽序列,将两者连接后克隆入载体pHP13中,构建了含有中性蛋白酶基因的诱导型表达分泌载体pHP13SN,再将其转化入枯草杆菌DB104,获得基因工程菌DB104(pHP13SN)。中性蛋白酶基因在蔗糖的诱导和sacR的调控下实现了分泌表达,并获得了具有生物学活性的中性蛋白酶。     

The Effect of Freeze-Thaw Cycles on Gene Expression Levels in Lymphoblastoid Cell Lines

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) transformed lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs) are a widely used renewable resource for functional genomic studies in humans. The ability to accumulate multidimensional data pertaining to the same individual cell lines, from complete genomic sequences to detailed gene regulatory profiles, further enhances the utility of LCLs as a model system. However, the extent to which LCLs are a faithful model system is relatively unknown. We have previously shown that gene expression profiles of newly established LCLs maintain a strong individual component. Here, we extend our study to investigate the effect of freeze-thaw cycles on gene expression patterns in mature LCLs, especially in the context of inter-individual variation in gene expression. We report a profound difference in the gene expression profiles of newly established and mature LCLs. Once newly established LCLs undergo a freeze-thaw cycle, the individual specific gene expression signatures become much less pronounced as the gene expression levels in LCLs from different individuals converge to a more uniform profile, which reflects a mature transformed B cell phenotype. We found that previously identified eQTLs are enriched among the relatively few genes whose regulations in mature LCLs maintain marked individual signatures. We thus conclude that while insight drawn from gene regulatory studies in mature LCLs may generally not be affected by the artificial nature of the LCL model system, many aspects of primary B cell biology cannot be observed and studied in mature LCL cultures.     

可调控肝脏特异性表达HCV全基因转基因小鼠模型的建立

目的:构建一种可调控肝细胞特异性表达丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)全基因的小动物模型。方法:将9.6 kb的HCV全长基因JFH1插入Tet-on系统效应表达载体p TRE2中,并在HCV全基因3'端插入丁型肝炎病毒(HDV)核酶序列,从而构建转基因载体p TRE2-JFH1(HCV);将该转基因载体线性化后显微注射获得整合有HCV全基因的TRE2-HCV首建鼠;将该阳性鼠与本室保存的Alb-rt TA转基因小鼠杂交,获得肝细胞白蛋白启动子调控HCV全基因表达的Tet-on-Alb-HCV双转基因小鼠;在强力霉素(Dox)诱导后通过PCR、Western印迹、免疫组化等方法鉴定转基因小鼠HCV基因整合及HCV蛋白在肝组织中的表达;实时定量PCR检测小鼠血清及肝组织中的HCV滴度;用HCV反义小分子药物anti-mi R122评价该模型在药物评价中的应用。结果:获得了整合rt TA基因和HCV全长基因的双转基因小鼠;Dox诱导下,该转基因小鼠可在肝组织长期特异性表达HCV全长基因,小鼠血清中可检测到HCV的RNA;分子药物anti-mi R122可降低血清中的HCV滴度。结论:构建了可调控肝组织特异性表达HCV全基因的转基因小鼠模型,该小鼠模型可应用于HCV药物筛选和评价研究。     

Ketogulonigenium vulgare四环素诱导表达穿梭质粒的构建

采用重叠延伸PCR方法合成阻遏蛋白的编码基因tetr和插入操纵基因teto的Ketogulonigenium vulgare山梨糖脱氢酶启动子psndhteto的基因序列,借助宽宿主质粒p BBR1MCS-5,构建四环素诱导表达的穿梭质粒,转化Ketogulonigenium vulgare,获得阳性重组菌株,实现卡那霉素抗性的调控表达,结果表明:培养重组菌株2小时后,添加0.4μg/ml的四环素诱导剂后,能够在含有卡那霉素的培养基中生长,不添加四环素诱导剂的重组菌株不能在含卡那霉素的培养基中生长,确定了最适四环素的诱导浓度为0.6μg/ml。     

一个热诱导穿梭表达载体的构建及其在链霉菌中的应用

为探索大肠杆菌λ噬菌体表达调控元件在链霉菌中的应用,构建了一个链霉菌大肠杆菌穿梭表达载体pHZ1080,并将来自链霉菌FR-008的聚酮合酶(PKS)基因置于其中的λ噬菌体启动子P_R下游,得到表达PKS的穿梭质粒pHZ1067。与在大肠杆菌中一样,该质粒在变铅青链霉菌中也受热诱导表达100kD的PKS蛋白;表达的PKS蛋白可由SDSPAGE和Western-blot实验检测到。PKS在链霉菌中的热诱导表达表明,构建的载体也能用于链霉菌诱导表达外源基因。       

Development of a Sensitive Gene Expression Reporter System and an Inducible Promoter-Repressor System for Clostridium acetobutylicum

A sensitive gene expression reporter system was developed for Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824 by using a customized gusA expression cassette. In discontinuous cultures, time course profiles of β-glucuronidase specific activity reflected adequately in vivo dynamic up- and down-regulation of acidogenesis- and/or solventogenesis-associated promoter expression in C. acetobutylicum. Furthermore, a new inducible gene expression system was developed in C. acetobutylicum, based on the Staphylococcus xylosus xylose operon promoter-repressor regulatory system.     

Establishment of Inducible Wild Type and Mutant Myocilin-GFP-Expressing RGC5 Cell Lines

Background

Myocilin is a gene linked directly to juvenile- and adult-onset open angle glaucoma. Mutations including Gln368stop (Q368X) and Pro370Leu (P370L) have been identified in patients. The exact role of myocilin and its functional association with glaucoma are still unclear. In the present study, we established tetracycline-inducible (Tet-on) wild type and mutant myocilin-green fluorescence protein (GFP) expressing RGC5 stable cell lines and studied the changes in cell migration and barrier function upon induction.

Methodology/Principal Findings

After several rounds of selection, clones that displayed low, moderate, or high expression of wild type, Q368X or P370L myocilin-GFP upon doxycycline (Dox) induction were obtained. The levels of wild type and mutant myocilin-GFP in various clones were confirmed by Western blotting. Compared to non-induced controls, the cell migration was retarded, the actin stress fibers were fewer and shorter, and the trypsinization time needed for cells to round up was reduced when wild type or mutant myocilin was expressed. The barrier function was in addition aberrant following induced expression of wild type, Q368X or P370L myocilin. Immunoblotting further showed that tight junction protein occludin was downregulated in induced cells.

Conclusions/Significance

Tet-on inducible, stable RGC5 cell lines were established. These cell lines, expressing wild type or mutant (Q368X or P370L) myocilin-GFP upon Dox induction, are valuable in facilitating studies such as proteomics, as well as functional and pathogenesis investigations of disease-associated myocilin mutants. The barrier function was found impaired and the migration of cells was hindered with induced expression of wild type and mutant myocilin in RGC5 cell lines. The reduction in barrier function might be related to the declined level of occludin. The retarded cell migration was consistent with demonstrated myocilin phenotypes including the loss of actin stress fibers, lowered RhoA activities and compromised cell-matrix adhesiveness.     

携带红色荧光蛋白的RU486可诱导真核表达载体的构建及其表达

在基因治疗中, 实现目的基因的调控表达是非常重要的。然而, 传统基因载体的无调控地持续或不适当的表达会影响治疗效果, 甚至可能带来致命的副作用。在本研究中, 我们构建了一种带有DsRed红色荧光蛋白报告基因并可经RU486诱导的真核表达载体, 并在体外评估了其调控表达作用。利用分子生物学技术, 将DsRed基因和启动子, 以及RU486系统构建成单一的质粒载体PDC-RURED, 为减少RU486调控元件和基因表达元件之间的相互干扰, 在两者之间加入1.6 kb的绝缘子。经PCR检测和限制性酶切分析及序列测定均证实了载体的正确性。在转染HEK293细胞后, 运用荧光显微镜和流式细胞技术证实了该载体的调控能力。没有RU486时, 几乎没有红色荧光蛋白的表达, 而加入诱导剂RU486后, 最高可以实现红色荧光蛋白的40余倍的表达。实验结果表明构建的可经RU486诱导的新型真核表达载体可以实现对目的基因的表达时间和表达水平的调控, 为进一步的基因调控研究和和基因治疗提供了良好的工具。     

An IPTG Inducible Conditional Expression System for Mycobacteria

Conditional expression strains serve as a valuable tool to study the essentiality and to establish the vulnerability of a target under investigation in a drug discovery program. While essentiality implies an absolute requirement of a target function, vulnerability provides valuable information on the extent to which a target function needs to be depleted to achieve bacterial growth inhibition followed by cell death. The critical feature of an ideal conditional expression system is its ability to tightly regulate gene expression to achieve the full spectrum spanning from a high level of expression in order to support growth and near zero level of expression to mimic conditions of gene knockout. A number of bacterial conditional expression systems have been reported for use in mycobacteria. The utility of an isopropylthiogalactoside (IPTG) inducible system in mycobacteria has been reported for protein overexpression and anti-sense gene expression from a replicating multi-copy plasmid. Herein, we report the development of a versatile set of non-replicating IPTG inducible vectors for mycobacteria which can be used for generation of conditional expression strains through homologous recombination. The role of a single lac operator versus a double lac operator to regulate gene expression was evaluated by monitoring the expression levels of β-galactosidase in Mycobacterium smegmatis. These studies indicated a significant level of leaky expression from the vector with a single lac operator but none from the vector with double lac operator. The significance of the double lac operator vector for target validation was established by monitoring the growth kinetics of an inhA, a rpoB and a ftsZ conditional expression strain grown in the presence of different concentrations of IPTG. The utility of this inducible system in identifying target specific inhibitors was established by screening a focussed library of small molecules using an inhA and a rpoB conditional expression strain.     

Hsa-miR-663诱导型表达载体的构建及验证

为了研究hsa—miR-663在肿瘤细胞辐射应答通路中的功能,人工合成其前体并构建人表达载体pcD-NA^TM-6．2-GW／EmGFP—miR-663,进一步通过BP／LR重组反应将hsa—miR-663表达框转移至诱导型表达载体pTREx—DEST30中。然后将hsa—miR-663的诱导型载体转染构建的四环素操纵子稳定表达细胞系HeLa—TetR,通过定量反转录PCR及荧光蛋白的表达检测证实了hsa—miR-663在四环素诱导时表达水平升高。本载体的构建为深入研究hsa—miR-663的功能奠定了基础。     

Live Imaging of Innate Immune and Preneoplastic Cell Interactions Using an Inducible Gal4/UAS Expression System in Larval Zebrafish Skin

Here we describe a method to conditionally induce epithelial cell transformation by the use of the 4-Hydroxytamoxifen (4-OHT) inducible KalTA4-ER^T2/UAS expression system¹ in zebrafish larvae, and the subsequent live imaging of innate immune cell interaction with HRAS^G12V expressing skin cells. The KalTA4-ER^T2/UAS system is both inducible and reversible which allows us to induce cell transformation with precise temporal/spatial resolution in vivo. This provides us with a unique opportunity to live image how individual preneoplastic cells interact with host tissues as soon as they emerge, then follow their progression as well as regression. Recent studies in zebrafish larvae have shown a trophic function of innate immunity in the earliest stages of tumorigenesis^2,3. Our inducible system would allow us to live image the onset of cellular transformation and the subsequent host response, which may lead to important insights on the underlying mechanisms for the regulation of oncogenic trophic inflammatory responses. We also discuss how one might adapt our protocol to achieve temporal and spatial control of ectopic gene expression in any tissue of interest.     

A Novel Piggybac Transposon Inducible Expression System Identifies a Role for Akt Signalling in Primordial Germ Cell Migration

In this work, we describe a single piggyBac transposon system containing both a tet-activator and a doxycycline-inducible expression cassette. We demonstrate that a gene product can be conditionally expressed from the integrated transposon and a second gene can be simultaneously targeted by a short hairpin RNA contained within the transposon, both in vivo and in mammalian and avian cell lines. We applied this system to stably modify chicken primordial germ cell (PGC) lines in vitro and induce a reporter gene at specific developmental stages after injection of the transposon-modified germ cells into chicken embryos. We used this vector to express a constitutively-active AKT molecule during PGC migration to the forming gonad. We found that PGC migration was retarded and cells could not colonise the forming gonad. Correct levels of AKT activation are thus essential for germ cell migration during early embryonic development.     

Application of a Reversible Immortalization System for the Generation of Proliferation-Controlled Cell Lines

To employ physiological mechanisms to control cell growth primary cells were reversibly immortalized using the SV40 TAg. The cells showed a fibroblast-like morphology. When the expression of the TAg was turned off, the cells arrested in the G0/G1 cell cycle phase. The cell culture could be kept for over 1 week in the proliferation-controlled state while the growth arrest remained fully reversible. The regulation was highly efficacious in that the arrested cell population did not spontaneously resume growth, suggesting that in the absence of the immortalizing gene expression endogenous growth-control mechanisms can keep these cells in a viable state for a prolonged time. Recombinant protein expression increased in growth-controlled cells when compared to conventionally cultured cells. Analysis of a secreted pharmaceutical protein revealed high product integrity without any signs of degradation. Therefore, it is feasible to apply genetic regulation of cell immortalization to obtain proliferation-controlled cell lines and this technique may be of interest to generate novel biotechnological producer cells.     

hSef基因在不同人组织和细胞系的表达分布

将人源Sef蛋白胞内区编码序列与GST融合构建原核表达质粒进行重组蛋白的表达与纯化并制备多抗 .在COS 7细胞中转染表达hSef显示 ,其分子量分别为 80kD ,10 0kD ,比体外翻译的分子量偏大 ,提示可能有糖基化存在 .Northern印迹的结果表明 ,hSefmRNA主要分布在人肾和睾丸组织 .RT PCR检测到hSefmRNA在众多细胞系有广泛存在 .免疫组化的结果显示 ,hSef蛋白在人肾和睾丸及相应癌组织表达水平较高 .     

单质粒模式诱导表达载体系统的建立

在Invitrogen公司T-Rex诱导表达系统的基础上,将目的基因与调控蛋白基因克隆于同一载体上,并在CV1细胞中观察了四环素对该单质粒模式载体报告基因表达的诱导效应.载体在瞬时转染CV1细胞并以四环素诱导24 h后目的基因的表达水平提高了8.9倍,表明单质粒模式载体基因诱导表达的应用具有可行性.     

Feasibility of Generating Adeno-Associated Virus Packaging Cell Lines Containing Inducible Adenovirus Helper Genes

The adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector system is based on nonpathogenic and helper-virus-dependent parvoviruses. The vector system offers safe, efficient, and long-term in vivo gene transfer in numerous tissues. Clinical trials using AAV vectors have demonstrated vector safety as well as efficiency. The increasing interest in the use of AAV for clinical studies demands large quantities of vectors and hence a need for improvement in vector production. The commonly used transient-transfection method, although versatile and free of adenovirus (Ad), is not cost-effective for large-scale production. While the wild-type-Ad-dependent AAV producer cell lines seem to be cost-effective, this method faces the problem of wild-type Ad contamination. To overcome these shortcomings, we have explored the feasibility of creating inducible AAV packaging cell lines that require neither transfection nor helper virus infection. As a first step toward that goal, we have created a cell line containing highly inducible Ad E1A and E1B genes, which are essential for AAV production. Subsequently, the AAV Rep and Cap genes and an AAV vector containing a green fluorescent protein (GFP) reporter gene were stably introduced into the E1A-E1B cell line, generating inducible AAV-GFP packaging cell lines. Upon induction of E1A and E1B genes and infection with replication-defective Ad with E1A, E1B, and E3 deleted, the packaging cells yielded high-titer AAV-GFP vectors. Finally, the E2, E4, and VA genes of Ad, under the control of their endogenous promoters, were also introduced into these cells. A few producer cell lines were obtained, which could produce AAV-GFP vectors upon simple drug induction. Although future improvement is necessary to increase the stability and vector yield of the cells, our study has nonetheless demonstrated the feasibility of generating helper-virus-free inducible AAV producer cell lines.     

AFP的亚细胞定位及对肿瘤细胞生长的影响

目的观察甲胎蛋白（AFP）在不同肿瘤细胞中的亚细胞定位及对肿瘤细胞生长的影响。方法运用免疫荧光的方法观察内源性AFP在HeI。a细胞、QGY-7703细胞、MCF-7细胞中的亚细胞定位。将构建的表达AFP的质粒pcDNA3-AFP及AFP腺病毒siRNA干涉载体Adv—AFPsiRNA作用于QGY-7703细胞,MCF-7细胞,运用M1Tr,集落形成实验检测细胞增殖状况。结果免疫荧光显示,内源性的AFP在HeLa细胞、QGY-7703细胞、MCF-7细胞均只在细胞质中表达。pcDNA3-AFP使QGY-7703的细胞活性增加了2l％（P〈0．05）及集落形成能力增加了32％（P〈0．01）,MCF-7实验组比对照组细胞活性降低了30％（P〈0．01）．克隆形成能力降低82％（P〈0．01）。Adv—AFPsiRNA使QGY-7703的细胞活性降低了22％（P〈0．05）,平均克隆形成能力降低52％（P〈0．01）,MCF-7细胞活性提高了24．5％（P〈0．05）,克隆形成能力提高了89％（P〈O．01）。结论内源性的AFP只在细胞质中表达。AFP能促进QGY-7703细胞的增殖及克隆形成能力,而在MCF-7细胞中发挥相反的作用。腺病毒介导的内源性的AFP表达的下调能降低QGY-7703的增殖,却增加了MCF-7的细胞活性及克隆形成能力。     

鹿茸富脯氨酸多肽-APRP基因融合表达载体的构建及表达

目的:构建鹿茸富脯氨酸多肽(APRP)基因融合表达载体,并诱导表达融合蛋白GST-APRP。方法:以鹿茸顶端组织总c DNA为模板,PCR方法扩增目的片段,连接p MDTM18-T载体,转化E.coli DH5α进行TA克隆。酶切与测序鉴定合格后,将目的片段与p GEX-6P-1质粒连接,完成p GEX-6P-1-APRP融合表达载体的构建。利用原核表达系统进行初步诱导表达。SDS-PAGE蛋白电泳检测蛋白表达情况。结果:PCR成功扩增出目的基因片段,目的基因片段大小为216 bp。提取表达载体质粒经酶切及测序分析证实p GEX-6P-1-APRR融合表达载体构建成功。利用终浓度为0.5 m MIPTG诱导,融合蛋白成功表达,分子量为35 k Da。结论:目前利用基因工程技术获得特定的鹿茸多肽的报道很少。本研究结果表明,利用原核表达系统可在体外对鹿茸富脯氨酸多肽基因(APRP)进行融合表达,并且融合蛋白GST-APRP以可溶形式表达,有利于进一步研究APRP。这也为研究其他鹿茸多肽单体成分提供重要参考。     

Expression of Polyoma-induced Transplantation Antigen in Hybrid Cell Lines

The polyoma-induced transplantation antigen is virus specific and its presence on polyoma transformed but not normal cells suggested that at least part of the polyoma genome is maintained in tumour cells. Studies reported here indicate that malignancy is not maintained solely by the presence of this transplantation antigen.