秦岭千里光族植物资料

菊科千里光族植物我国有16属,400种以上,广布于南北各地,但以西南各省、区分布较为集中。秦岭产13属,占全国总属数的81.2%,计有50种,1亚种及4变种,约占全国总种数的13%。作者在编写《秦岭植物志》的工作中,对秦岭地区本族植物进行了研究,本文报导该族下列4属:毛冠菊属(Nannoglotlis Maxim.)、蟹甲草属(Cacalia Linn.)、华蟹甲草属(Sinacalia B.Nord)及千里光属(Senecio Linn.),其中有2个新种,1个新组合,1个我国特有属,2个秦岭特有种,6个新分布及一些种类的修订与讨论。本文引证标本存西北植物研究所标本室。     

铃兰族rbcL基因的PCR—RFLP分析

本文用7属9种铃兰族Tribe convallarieae植物的叶绿体DNA中rbcL基因片段的PCR产物的RFLP结果进行聚类分析。结果表明:开口箭属与蜘蛛抱蛋属关系密切,夏须草属与族内其余各属亲缘关系稍远,与外部器官形态、核型和孢粉学资料所得出的结论基本一致。此外,本文对铃兰属的系统位置也进行了讨论。     

STUDIES IN THE EMBRYOLOGY OF COMPOSITAE. IV. THE TRIBE INULEAE

Embryology of Blumea malabarica, B. membranacea, Laggera pterodonta, Anaphalis busna and Vicoa auriculata has been studied. The anther is tetrasporangiate in all the members except in Blumea membranacea where it is bisporangiate. The anther tapetum is of the Periplasmodial type. Both tetrahedral and isobilateral pollen tetrads are found. Mature pollen grains are three-celled with thick spinous exine. The ovary is bicarpellary syncarpous and unilocular with a single basal ovule. In one instance in Blumea malabarica two ovules per ovary with a rudimentary septum separating them was observed. The single hypodermal archesporial cell functions directly as the megaspore mother cell. The embryo sac develops according to the Polygonum type. The synergids in Blumea malabarica are hooked while in other members they are pear shaped. There are three antipodal cells except in Blumea membranacea where they increase up to eight. Endosperm development in Blumea malabarica is of the Nuclear type while in Blumea membranacea and Laggera pterodonta it is of the Cellular type. One or two layers of endosperm persist up to maturity. Embryo development follows the Senecio variation of Asterad type. The embryological information of this tribe along with that of other tribes will be utilized in evaluating the interrelationships of the family Compositae in a later paper.     

赫哲族体质特征

本文调查的对象是黑龙江省赫哲族,共110人(男52人,女58人),年龄20至60岁。调查结果表明赫哲族在体质特征上具有明显的黄种人特征。     

大头茶族的范围及族内属的界限

广义大头茶族几乎包括了整个山茶亚科的属,分群的界限不够明确,易于造成混乱,经过研究,作者所持的是狭义大头茶族的概念。考察这一族包括Polyspora, Gordonia和Laplacea三个属形态特征上的差异和洲际分布的事实,这三个属虽然有共同的祖先,但由于演化上的歧异,仍应作为独立的属看待。在划分属的界限上,苞被分化与否和花部其他形态的差异具有最重要的意义,花粉表面纹饰的差异也可作为一种依据。Polyspora种群划分也被讨论。     

THE FLAVONOIDS OF ONAGRACEAE: TRIBE EPILOBIEAE

Data for the flavonoids of each of the species of Boisduvalia and each of the 14 species of Epilobium that constitute the 5 sections except for sect. Epilobium are presented. An analysis of nearly 100 populations showed that 7 flavonol 3-O-glycosides based on kaempferol, quercetin, or myricetin aglycones are present among the several species. All 7 compounds are present in each of the 2 genera but certain patterns of variation, especially in the loss of arabinosides, are noted among the several sections of the two genera. An intersectional comparison of the variation correlates flavonoid patterns more with the relative evolutionary advancement of specialization of the taxa than with their phyletic relationships. Further, a trend of decreased glycosylation with advancement within the tribe is documented. Both points are contrary to what is generally assumed for flavonoids in evolutionary studies.     

THE SISTER GROUP OF THE PALEOTROPICAL TRIBE ARGOSTEMMATEAE: A REDEFINED NEOTROPICAL TRIBE HAMELIEAE (RUBIACEAE, RUBIOIDEAE)

Abstract— The sister group of the monophyletic tribe Argostemmateae, including Argostemma and Neurocalyx , is not the tribe Hedyotideae, or a part of it, as earlier assumed, but the monophyletic tribe Hamelieae, here redefined. It comprises the genera Hamelia, Hoffmannia (here including Xerococcus), Deppea (here including Schenckia), Pinarophyllon , and Omiltemia . The two tribes Argostemmateae and Hamelieae are a monophyletic group characterized by seven synapomorphies. A cladogram is presented showing the relationships of the seven genera based on 31 characters. One group of characters, the aestivation of the corolla, is shown to be much more complicated than hitherto assumed. In the Hamelieae the aestivation can be imbricate (to the right or to the left and quincuncial or not), contorted (to the right), alternative, or even valvate. The Argostemmateae occur in the Old World Tropics, and their distribution supports the hypothesis that at least parts of southeast Asia are a part of Gondwanaland. The vicariant pattern within the Argostemmateae indicates that the large area from west Africa through northern India to southeast Asia is vicariant to Ceylon and southern India. The distribution of the Old World tribe Argostemmateae is vicariant to the essentially Central American tribe Hamelieae.     

ENDOPHYTE-HOST ASSOCIATIONS IN GRASSES. XVI. PATTERNS OF ENDOPHYTE DISTRIBUTION IN SPECIES OF THE TRIBE AGROSTIDEAE

Distribution of Acremonium endophytes in several species of Agrostideae is determined through surveys conducted in the field and in grass herbaria. Widespread geographic distribution of Acremonium in a particular grass species may indicate early colonization of the grass as a host, while a narrow pattern of geographic distribution suggests more recent colonization of the grass. Two grasses that appear to show a narrow endophyte distribution include Agrostis alba and Ammophila breviligulata. Cultural features of endophytes from several grasses are compared. A new variety of Acremonium typhinum is proposed to accommodate the endophyte from A. breviligulata. An endophyte in Agrostis alba is identified as Acremonium starrii. It is also suggested that Acremonium endophytes are spreading in grasses and may be progressively colonizing new hosts.     

中国番荔枝科囊瓣木族植物叶片脉序比较观察

中路番荔枝科囊辦木族植物共有5属10种,其中有囊辦木属Saccopetalum Benn.,野独活屈Miliusa Lesch.ex A.DC.,蚁花届Mezzettiopsis Ridl.,澄广花属Orophea B1.等属的分类位置仍存在着一些争议。本文对它们有争议的4个屈进行了叶片脉序比较观察,提供分类一个辅佐证据。     

国产十五种翠雀族植物的核型研究

本文报道了国产乌头属Aconitum L.12种和翠雀属Delphinium L．3种植物的染色体数目和核型。花葶乌头A．scaposum var．scaposum和聚叶花葶乌头A．scaposum var．vaginatum的核型公式为2n=2m+6sm+8st;两色乌头A．alboviolaceum为2n＝16＝2m+6sm(2sat)十8st;高乌头A．sinomontanum var．sinomontanum为2n＝16＝4m+4sm+8st,而狭盔高乌头A．sinomontanum var．angustius为2n＝32＝6m+6sm+20st(1sat);褐紫乌头A.brunneum为2n＝16＝2m(1sat)+14sm 松潘乌头A．sungpanense为2n＝16＝6m(2sat)+10sm(2sat);弯枝乌头A．arcuatum为2n=16=4m+12sm;乌头A．carmichaeli为2n=32＝10m+22sm;北乌头A．kusnezoffii为2n＝32＝10m十22sm;鸭绿乌头A.jaluense为2n＝32=10m+22st;伏毛铁棒锤A．flavum为2n＝16＝2m+14sm; 铁棒锤A．pendulum为2n=16=4m+12sm;缩梗乌头A．sessiliflorum为2n＝16＝2m+10sm+4st;展毛翠雀花D．kamaoense var．glabrescens 为2n=16＝2m+6sm+8st;蓝翠雀花D．caeruleum为2n=16=2m+6sm+8st;多枝翠雀花D．maximowiczii为2n=16=2m+6sm+8st。其中花葶乌头、狭盔高乌头、褐紫乌头、松潘乌头、鸭绿乌头、伏毛铁棒锤、缩梗乌头、展毛翠雀花、蓝翠雀花、多枝翠雀花的染色体数目和核型为首次报道。     

SPERM HARVESTING AND POSTMORTEM FATHERHOOD

The motives and consequences of harvesting sperm from brain dead males for the purpose of effecting post mortem fatherhood are examined. I argue that sperm harvesting and post mortem fatherhood raise no harms of a magnitude that would justify forbidding the practice outright. Dead men are not obviously harmed by the practice; children need not be harmed by this kind of birth; and the practice enlarges rather than diminishes the reproductive choices of surviving partners. Certain ethical and legal issues nevertheless require attention. As a matter of consistency with other harvesting protocols, there ought to be a mechanism for respecting the wishes of men who when alive do not wish to become fathers post mortem. Mechanisms governing entitlement to harvest and use sperm will also be required. I note that the law is unlikely to recognize the paternity of children born from harvested sperm, though there may be reasons to recognize that paternity in some instances.