Life cycle of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Uromyces appendiculatus</Emphasis> var. <Emphasis Type="Italic">azukicola</Emphasis> on <Emphasis Type="Italic">Vigna angularis</Emphasis>

Field observations and inoculation experiments revealed that Uromyces appendiculatus var. azukicola has an autoecious and macrocyclic life cycle and produces spermogonia, aecia, uredinia, and telia on Vigna angularis var. angularis and V. angularis var. nipponensis. From inoculation experiments, it was suggested that this rust fungus has different host relationships from other varieties. Morphological examinations revealed that the characteristics of urediniospores and teliospores are different among varieties, although aeciospores are morphologically similar to each other.Contribution no. 182, Laboratory of Plant Parasitic Mycology, Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Tsukuba, Japan     

Comparative population dynamics of the rotifers Brachionus angularis and Keratella cochlearis

The results indicate that the two rotifer species Brachionus angularis and Keratella cochlearis have different life history strategies. Brachionus angularis appeared to be an r-strategist, showing higher reproductive, mortality and population growth rates than K. cochlearis. Additional evidence is offered suggesting that K. cochlearis is a K-strategist. Although K. cochlearis had a lower growth rate than B. angularis, this was compensated by a lower mortality rate, especially in pre-reproductive individuals. In addition, K. cochlearis allocated energy to reproduction more efficiently than B. angularis.     

Effect of the cyclopoid copepod Mesocyclops thermocyclopoides on the interactions between the predatory rotifer Asplanchna intermedia and its prey Brachionus calyciflorus and B. angularis

In many shallow, eutrophic subtropical ponds, brachionid rotifers are common prey of the predatory copepod Mesocyclops thermocyclopoides. The predatory rotifer Asplanchna intermedia, which is itself a potential prey of the copepod, also feeds preferentially on brachionids. We studied in the laboratory the population dynamics of two mutually competing prey species, Brachionus angularis and B. calyciflorus, in the presence of the two predators A. intermedia and M. thermocyclopoides. The experimental design included separate population dynamics studies with one prey–one predator, two prey–one predator, one prey–two predator, and two prey–two predator systems. These combinations were compared with controls, in which both the prey species (B. angularis and B. calyciflorus) were grown separately and in combination with each other. In the absence of any predator, B. angularis generally eliminated the larger B. calyciflorus. Selective predation by the copepod allowed B. calyciflorus to persist longer in competition with B. angularis. Feeding by M. thermocyclopoides on A. intermedia reduced the predation pressure on B. calyciflorus. However, given enough time, the cyclopoid copepod was able to eliminate both the brachionids as well as the predatory Asplanchna.     

Harnischia Kieffer from China,with Emendations to the Diagnosis of the Genus (Diptera: Chironomidae)

The genus Harnischia from China is revised. Harnischia cultriata sp.nov. is described as new to science from the male imago. H. hamata Wang et Zheng is recognized as new synonym of H. angularis Albu et Botnariuc and H. longispuria Wang et Zheng is recognized as a new synonym of H. curtilamellata (Malloch). A key to male imagines is presented. The distribution of the six known Chinese species is mapped. An emended generic diagnosis is given and discussed. Variation in the phallapodeme as an important specific diagnostic character within the genus is furnished.     

Description of nine new species of Heliura Butler from South America (Lepidoptera,Erebidae, Arctiinae,Arctiini, Ctenuchina)

Nine new species of the genus Heliura are described from Brazil (H. brasiliana sp. nov., H. olivocolora sp. nov., H. pulcherrima sp. nov., and H. laerteae sp. nov.), Ecuador (H. ecuadoris sp. nov.), Peru (H. flavipennis sp. nov. and H. peruana sp. nov.), and Venezuela (Heliura albiventris sp. nov. and H. juliani sp. nov.). They are illustrated in habitus and genitalia, and their phylogenetic affinities are discussed based on morphological evidence.     

A new cavefish of Sinocyclocheilus (Teleostei: Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae) from the Nanpanjiang River in Guizhou,China

A new species, Sinocyclocheilus xingyiensis, is described based on specimens collected from a karst cave in Guizhou Province, China. The authors used an integrated taxonomic approach, including morphological and molecular data, to identify the new species as a member of the Sinocyclocheilu angularis group, and it can be distinguished from all other members of this group by a combination of the following features: two pairs of long barbels and long pectoral fins, 42–46 lateral-line scales, 7 (13–14) on outer (inner) side of the first gill arch and 35 (14–15 + 4 + 16 − 17) vertebrae. Phylogenetic analyses based on the cytochrome b (cyt b) gene fragment suggest that S. xingyiensis is a sister lineage to Sinocyclocheilus flexuosdorsalis. The genetic distance (Kimura 2-parameter) between the S. xingyiensis and S. angularis groups of Sinocyclocheilus species based on cyt b gene fragment ranged from 1.2% to 15.4%.     

<Emphasis Type="Italic">Umbelopsis gibberispora</Emphasis> sp. nov. from Japanese leaf litter and a clarification of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Micromucor ramannianus </Emphasis>var. <Emphasis Type="Italic">angulisporus</Emphasis>

 Umbelopsis gibberispora is described as a new species in the genus Umbelopsis, Umbelopsidaceae, Mucorales. The species differs from others in this genus by ellipsoidal sporangiospores with unilaterally thickened walls. Phylogenetic analyses based on nuclear large subunit ribosomal DNA (nLSU rDNA) partial sequences suggest that U. gibberispora, U. swartii, and U. westeae form a clade together with the strains of Umbelopsis ramanniana. The ex-type strain of Micromucor ramannianus var. angulisporus is found to be very close to Umbelopsis vinacea, whereas other isolates identified under the former name in the sense of Linnemann fall in the U. ramanniana subclade. For these isolates, a new species, Umbelopsis angularis, is introduced. Phylogenetic relationships among Umbelopsis species are discussed related to their attributes of the sporangial wall and mature spore shapes. Received: August 27, 2002 / Accepted: March 11, 2003 Acknowledgments We thank Dr. Takashi Ohsono, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Japan, for providing the strain of U. gibberispora (CBS 109328). We also thank Dr. Wieland Meyer, University of Sydney, Australia for access to the phylogenetic tree based on ITS sequence data before publishing, and Dr. Richard C. Summerbell, Centraalbureau von Schimmelcultures, the Netherlands, for linguistic corrections.     

密度信号对两种臂尾轮虫种群增长的影响

为了更好的了解化学干扰对轮虫种间竞争的影响,分别用萼花臂尾轮虫(Brachionus calyciflorus)和角突臂尾轮虫(Brachionus angularis)研究了同种和异种种群密度信号对种群增长的影响。结果表明,密度信号对轮虫种群增长具有一定的影响。萼花臂尾轮虫的密度信号显著降低了本种和角突臂尾轮虫种群的环境容纳量K并提高了它们的种群增长率r(P0.05),角突臂尾轮虫的密度信号对本种和萼花臂尾轮虫的种群增长都没有显著影响(P0.05)。萼花臂尾轮虫种群增长受同种密度信号抑制十分显著,环境容纳量K降低了50%以上,可能主要受自毒作用的调节,但同种密度信号对高有性生殖的萼花臂尾轮虫种群的混交率影响不明显。角突臂尾轮虫几乎不受自身密度信号的影响。因此,在两种臂尾轮虫的竞争中,由于自身密度信号的抑制作用,萼花臂尾轮虫将更快被角突臂尾轮虫排除。据此可推测密度信号对轮虫的种间竞争具有重要影响。     

Revision of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Heterosavia</Emphasis>, stat. nov., with notes on <Emphasis Type="Italic">Gonatogyne</Emphasis> and <Emphasis Type="Italic">Savia</Emphasis> (Phyllanthaceae)

Heterosavia (Phyllanthaceae) is segregated from Savia (tribe Bridelieae), recognized at generic rank, and placed in tribe Phyllantheae. Floral, fruit, leaf anatomical, leaf venation, and pollen characters of the neotropical taxa previously united as Savia including Gonatogyne are discussed and illustrated. Keys to the three genera and to the species of Heterosavia are presented. Four species (all new combinations), Heterosavia bahamensis, H. erythroxyloides, H. laurifolia, and H. maculata, are recognized. The new combinations Heterosavia laurifolia var. intermedia and H. maculata var. clementis are proposed. The names Heterosavia, H. erythroxyloides, H. laurifolia, Savia clementis, S. clusiifolia, S. clusiifolia var. fallax, and S. longipes are lectotypified. Distribution maps and conservation assessments (IUCN ratings) of Heterosavia species and varieties are provided.     

Pollen morphology ofVigna angularis (Leguminosae)

Pollen grains ofVigna angularis and its var.nipponensis are described with special reference to fine structure of the infratectum of the exine. They are 3-porate-operculate with granular infratectum and thin foot-layer. These features agree with those characterizing the genusVigna. In this species var.angularios and var.nipponensis are quite similar in pollen morphology. This supports the view that the two are closely related.     

Revision of the genus Heliomantis Giglio-Tos 1915 (Insecta: Mantodea: Hymenopodidae)

Summary. The little-known flower mantis genus Heliomantis Giglio-Tos 1915 (Hymenopodidae) distributed in South and South-Eastern Asia is revised. All species are redescribed. New data on the morphology, distribution and ecology are given, and all known specimens are listed. The lectotype of H. elegans (Navás 1904) is designated. Due to highly divergent morphology, H. latipennis Werner 1930 from Sarawak, Borneo, is transferred to Werneriana n. gen., leaving the genus Heliomantis with the only species, H. elegans (Navás, 1904).     

Descriptions of new Neotropical Lycoperdininae (Coleoptera: Endomychidae) and their phylogenetic placement

Two new genera and three new species of Lycoperdininae (Coleoptera: Endomychidae) from South America, are described and illustrated based on adults: Hylaperdina n. g., along with H. brevicornis n. sp. from Ecuador and H. costariciensis n. sp. from Costa Rica, and Chileanus n. g., along with C. talca n. sp. from Chile. Their most likely placement within the Lycoperdininae is discussed. A key to genera of the neotropical Lycoperdininae is provided.     

New early crown-group asteroids (Echinodermata; Triassic of Germany)

Migmaster angularis n. gen. n. sp. (Trichasteropsiidae, Forcipulatacea, Asteroidea) is described from the German Triassic Lower Muschelkalk of Anisian (Pelsonian) age, and new specimens ofTrichasteropsis bielertorum broaden understanding of this species. Phylogenetic events linking the stem groups, known only from Paleozoic rocks, with the crown group, known only from post-Paleozoic rocks, are problematic; the new fossils partially constrain phylogenetic changes associated with emergence of crown-group asteroids.      

Contributions to the knowledge of African Rotifers I. Rotifers from Senegal

24 plankton samples, collected in different parts of the Republic of Senegal (W. Africa) were examined for their rotifer content. Seventy taxa were identified to species level, some of which were present in different forms. Thirty three taxa and forms are new to Senegal, three species are new to Africa. Attention is paid to a cruciform population of Asplanchnella sieboldi and to a Brachionus quadridentatus population of very small dimensions. Two new taxa are described: Brachionus cf. angularis and Brachionus bidentatus senegalensis Koste & De Ridder.     

Genome analysis of species in the genus Hystrix (Triticeae; Poaceae)

Genomic in situ hybridisation (GISH) and Southern genomic hybridisation were applied in order to gain further knowledge regarding generic delimitation of the genus Hystrix as well as to clarify the genomes of the Hystrix species H. patula, H. longearistata, H. coreana, H. duthiei and H. komarovii. The hybridisation intensity of different genomic probes was compared among the Hystrix species and with other Triticeae species. The Southern- and GISH results confirm that H. patula contains the StH genome and show that H. komarovii most likely has a variant of this StH genome. The other Hystrix species under study, i.e. H. longearistata, H. coreana and H. duthiei, contain an Ns basic genome, and most probably two variants of this basic genome, Ns ¹ Ns ² . The genus Hystrix is thus not a monophyletic group of species.     

A review of the palaearctic species of the genus <Emphasis Type="Italic">Hadrodactylus</Emphasis> Förster (Hymenoptera,Ichneumonidae, Ctenopelmatinae) with a description of five new species

30 Palaearctic species of Hadrodactylus are considered. 2 species-group with 6 subgroups are distinguished. 5 new species from the Eastern Palaearctic Region are described: Hadrodactylus arkit sp. n. (Kyrgyzstan), H. caucasicus sp. n. (Caucasus), H. nitidus sp. n., H. sibiricus sp. n., and H. taigensis sp. n. (Eastern Siberia and Far East of Russia). A new combination and a new synonymy Xenoschesis incarnator Aubert, 1985 (recte Hadrodactylus, comb. n.) = Hadrodactylus fugax almator Aubert, 1996, syn. n. are established. An annotated list of species is given with data on the distribution in Russia and adjacent territories. A key to 30 Palaearctic species is given.     

马鞍菌属3个中国新记录

【背景】目前国内学者已发表60个马鞍菌属物种,但山西省尚缺乏马鞍菌属真菌分布的系统性报道。【目的】调查我国山西省马鞍菌属的种类组成及地理分布。【方法】采集标本,对其进行详细的形态特征描述,并提取DNA,测定热激蛋白(heat shock protein, hsp)和核糖体大亚基(large subunit, LSU)序列,基于贝叶斯法(Bayesian inference, BI)和最大似然法(maximum likelihood, ML)构建分子系统发育树。【结果】鉴定结果表明这3个马鞍菌属物种分别为类帽状马鞍菌(Helvella capucinoides)、丹麦马鞍菌(H. danica)和柔毛马鞍菌(H. pubescens)。它们在形态上与模式标本的描述基本一致。基于hsp和LSU的系统发育关系分析也支持形态学的鉴定结果。【结论】参考我国截至目前已报道的马鞍菌属物种,确定这3个种均为中国新记录种。     

Two new species of Huberia (Melastomataceae: Merianieae) from Brazil

Two new Brazilian species of the genusHuberia,H. carvalhoi andH. consimilis, are described, discussed, and illustrated.Huberia carvalhoi is endemic to Bahia;H. consimilis has a wider distribution, with disjunct populations in Pernambuco, Bahia, and Rio de Janeiro. A key is provided to the three Bahia taxa with some comments on the taxonomic affinities of the two new species.