A Study on the Genus Indigofera Linn. from China

The genus Indigofera Linn. is one of the largest genera of papilionatae of Leguminosae. It comprises 700 species in the world, of which 80 species and 8 varieties occur in China. It was established by C. Linnaeus in 1752 and had been studied by J. Desvaux (1813), A. P. De Candolle (1825), G. Bentham ex Harvey (1862), G. Bentham et J. D. Hooker (1865), P. Taubert. (1894), P. Ch. Tisseraut (1913), and B. Gillett (1958) etc. In the present paper, the taxonomic history is reviewed and the evolutionary trends of some important morphological characters are discussed. According to the plant habit, characteristics of leaves, shape of fruits and the number of seeds per fruit, Indigofera Linn. from China are divided into 3 subgenera: Subg. I. Indigofera, Subg. II. Sphaeridiophors Desv., Subg. III. Acanthonotus (Benth.) Benth. et Hook. f., in Subg. Indigofera, 14 subsections are reported. A systematic key to the species is given.     

Notes on African species of the genus Anisopappus Hook. & Arn. (Asteraceae)

Two new species of the genus Anisopappus Hook. & Arn. (Asteraceae) are described A. athanasioides Paiva & Ortiz, from Angola, and A. pseudopinnatifidus Ortiz & Paiva, from Namibia. The morphological variability of the A. chinensia-A. africanus complex is studied and two new combinations are proposed: A. chinensis subsp. africanus (Hook. fil.) Ortiz & Paiva and A. chinensis subsp. lobatus (Wild) Ortiz & Paiva.     

Notes on African species of the genus Anisopappus Hook. & Arn. (Asteraceae)

Two new species of the genus Anisopappus Hook. & Arn. (Asteraceae) are described: A. athanasioides Paiva & Ortiz, from Angola, and A. pseudopinnaididus Ortiz & Paiva, from Namibia. The morphological variability of the A. chinensis-A. africanus complex is studied and two new combinations are proposed: A. chinensis subsp. africanus (Hook, fil.) Ortiz & Paiva and A. chinensis subsp. lobatus (Wild) Ortiz & Paiva.     

Studies in African Cyperaceae 26. New taxa and combinations in Abildgaardia Vahl III

Two new species and three new subspecies of Abildgaardia are described from East Africa, viz. Abildgaardia afroorientalis Lye, A. microcarpa Lye, A. hispidula (Vahl) Lye ssp. halophila Lye, A. hispidula (Vahl) Lye ssp. intermedia Lye, and A. densa (Wall.) Lye ssp. afromontana Lye. Thirteen new combinations are made, viz. A. erratica (Hook, f.) Lye, A. heterostachya (Cherm.) Lye, A. oligostachys (A. Rich.) Lye, A. striaiella (C. B. CI.) Lye, A. wallichiana (Schultes) Lye, A. hispidula (Vahl) Lye ssp. filiformis (C. B. CI.) Lye, A. hispidula (Vahl) Lye ssp. brachyphylla (Cherm.) Lye, A. hispidula (Vahl) Lye ssp. pyriformis (Lye) Lye, A. pusilla (A. Rich.) Lye ssp. yalingensis (Cherm.) Lye, A. pusilla (A. Rich.) Lye ssp. congolensis (De Wild.) Lye, A. coleotricha (A. Rich.) Lye var. miegii (Bodard) Lye, A. erratica (Hook, f.) Lye ssp. schoenoides (Kunth) Lye, and A. boeckeleriana (Schweinf.) Lye var. transiens (K. Schum.) Lye.     

Systematics of the Genus Cyananthus Wall. ex Royle

The genus Cyananthus is distributed in the Himalayan Floristic Subregion. In the early years, it was treated as a member of Polemoniaceae, but it is now generally regarded as a natural group of Campanulaceae. Made in this paper were a comprehensive comparative morphological study, a biometrical analysis of quantitative characters and an analysis of distribution pattern. The systematic position of the genus is discussed based on the evidence from pollen morphology, chromosome number and external morphology. Finally the classification of the genus is revised. As a result of the character analysis, the evolutionary trends of the characters in Campanulaceae are suggested: superior ovary is a primitive state; the pollen grains have evolved from long-multicolpal to short-colpal, then to multiporate; the basic chromosome numbers have changed from 7 to 8 or 9, from which the groups with x=17 are derived (see Fig. 2), Fig. 2 illustrates that Cyananthus is the most primitive genus in the Gampanulaceae, closely related to Codonopsis, Platycodon, Leptocodon and Campanumoea. All these genera are relatively primitive in the family. The genus Cyananthus is distributed in S. E. Gansu (Zhugqu), W. Sichuan, S. and E. Xizang, S. Qinghai and N. W. Yunnan, extending westwards to Kashmir along the Himalayas. Therefore, the genus is strictly limited to the Hengduan Mountains and the Himalayas. That is to say, it occupies the whole Sino-Himalayan Floristic Subregion (Fig. 3). This is of great importance for determining the limits of the floristic subregion, and for drawing a more acurate line between the Sino-Japanese Subregion and the Sine-Himalayan Floristic Subregion. The analysis of distribution patterns of species shows that the Hengduan Mountains is the distribution centre of the two major groups of Cyananthus, Sect. Stenolobi Franch. and Sect. Annui (Lian) Hong et L. M. Ma. In these two groups, only four out of 12 species, i. e. C. incanus Hook. f. et Thoms., C. macrocalyx Franch., C. hookeri C. B. Cl. and C. inflatus Hook. f. et Thoms., extend their areas westwards to Sikkim and Nepal. The other section, Sect. Cyananthus also exists in the west of the Hengduan Mountains. Although in the Himalayas occur three major groups of the genus, only the last-mentioned group-Sect. Cyananthus is mainly distributed in the area (Fig. 4). According to the fact, we tend to infer that the Hengduan Mountains is both the frequency and diversity centers of the genus Cyananthus. The genera of Campanulaceae, which are relatively primitive and the closest relatives of Cyananthus, all occur in SW China and the adjacent regions. Therefore, the region may well be the preserved center of the primitive genera, or even may be the original center of the Campanulaceae. All data accumulated demonstrate that the genus is very old but still under intensive differentiation. With few diagnostic qualitative characters, the characters used in classifications are mostly quantitative ones. The following characters were usually used for classification of the genus: habit, plant size, leaf shape, leaf size, hairs on the leaf, corolla colour, petiole length, corolla length and hairs on the calyx, etc. Among them, only habit, corolla colour and hairs belong to qualitative characters, and all of the others are quantitative ones. Because variation ranges of quantitative characters have never been thoroughly studied in the previous classifications, some named taxa are artificial. An extensive statistical analysis of quantitative characters were carried out in the work to reveal their variation ranges. Based on this, 5 specific names are reduced as synonyms: C. microrhombeus C. Y. Wu is reduced to C. delavayi Franch.; C. argenteus Marq. to C. longiflorus Franch.; C. pseudo-inflatus Tsoong to C. inflatus Hook. f. et Thoms.; and both C. neurocalyx C. Y. Wu and C. leiocalyx (Franch.) Cowan to C. macrocalyx Franch., while C. montanus C. Y. Wu and C. Petiolatus Franch. are treated as subspecies in C. flavus Marq. and C. incanus Hook. f. et Thoms. respectively. As a result of the revision, 19 species and 2 subspecies are recognized in the present paper, with 7 species names and 15 variety names reduced. The genus is divided into three sections according to habit, corolla lobes and hairy types on calyx: Sect. Cyananthus, Sect. Stenolobi Franch. and Sect. Annui (Lian) Hong et L. M. Ma. In the present paper the chromosome number of the genus Cyananthus is reported for the first time, C. inflatus Hook. f. et Thoms. from Yadong, S. Tibet, being found to have 2n=14. And pollen morphology of the genus Leptocodon was first examined under SEM and is shownin Plate 1.     

1064. Agapetes grandiflora Hook.f.: Ericaceae

A specimen of Agapetes from Myanmar is described and illustrated as Agapetes grandiflora Hook.f., as a result of comparison with A. burmanica W.E.Evans, A. macrantha (Hook.) Hook.f. and A. variegata (Roxb.) D.Don ex G.Don. This species has extrafloral nectaries on the margins of young leaves and at the apex of calyx lobes.     

竹亚科刚竹属植物的修订(Ⅲ)

作为对刚竹属 (Phyllostachys Sieb.et Zucc.)一些类群加以评注的第三部分 ,讨论了金竹 (Ph.sul-phurea(Carr.) A.et C.Riv.)在中国的分布 ,明确了它的具体产地 ,确认了它在华东皖浙赣毗邻地区仍然存在着一定数量的野生居群 ;同时还对本种种下变异类型重新作了分类学处理 ,承认其下包括 1变种 3变型 ,作出 1个新组合 ,归并了 2个不可靠的变型的拉丁学名和 5个命名上多余的拉丁学名。     

A Study on the Genus Melocalamus Benth. (Bambusoideae) from China

Melocalamus Benth. consists of five species. Through a comprehensive study of history, morphology, and all specimens available, the authors confirm the occurrence in China of M. compactiflorus (Kurz.) Benth. et Hook f., the type of the genus, and two species, M. scandens Hsueh ct Hui, M. fimbriatus Hsueh et Hui, are described as new. A key to speciesis provided.     

Notes on the genus Clematis (Ranunculaceae) (Ⅱ)

(1) The systematic positions of Clematis potaninii Maxim., C . heynei Rau, C. trichotoma Nakai, C. apiculata Hook. f. & Thoms, C. theobromina Dunn, C. sigensis Engler,C. hedysarifolia DC., and C. dissecta Baker, and the specific status of C. trifida Hook, C.pimpinellifolia Hook., C. oligophylla Hook., and Clematopsis lineariloba Hutch. are discussed; (2) New classifications for Clematis parviloba Gardn. & Champ., C. puberula Hook. f. & Thoms., and sect. Naraveliopsis Hand.-Mazz. are provided; (3) Clematis subsect. Potaninianae M. Johnson, C. heynei M. Johnson, C. petelotii Gagnep. and some other names are reduced to synonymy; (4) Two subsections, 4 series, 4 species, and 4 varieties are described as new; (5)Four new ranks and 4 new combinations are made.     

中国珠蕨属的分类修订

对国产珠蕨属Cryptogramma R.Br.的分类进行了修订,承认2种1变种,即稀叶珠蕨C.stelleri（Gm l.）Prantl,高山珠蕨C.brunoniana Wall.ex Hook.&Grev.和珠蕨C.bru noniana var.sinensis（Christ）G.M.Zhang。将峨眉珠蕨C.emeiensis Ching&K.H.Shing并入高山珠蕨。同时对该属的系统位置进行了讨论。     

湖南的新记录植物(六)

报道了湖南植物分布新记录, 其中新记录属2 个, 即假木豆属(Dendrolobium(Wight etArn.)Benth.)和排钱树属(Phyllodium Desv.);新记录种20 个, 即鹰爪花(Artabotrys hexapetalus(Linn.f.)Bhandari)、岩生碎米荠(Cardamine calcicola W.W.Smith.)、山芥碎米荠(Cardamine griffithii Hook.f.et Thons.)、白花碎米荠(Cardamine leucantha (Tausch)O.E.Schulz)、紫彩绣球(Hydrangea sargentiana Rehd.)、狭叶黄檀(Dalbergia stenophylla Prain)、假木豆(Dendrolobium triangulare(Retz.)Schindl.)、排钱树(Phyllodium pulchellum (L.)Desv.)、华野豌豆(Vicia chinensis Franch.)、绿萼凤仙花(Impatiens chlorosepala Hand.-Mazz.)、岩谷杜鹃(Rhododendron rupivalleculatum Tam.)、革叶铁榄(Sinosideroxylon wightianum (Hook.et Arn.)Aubr.)、宁波木犀(Osmanthus cooperi Hemsl.)、天人草(Comanthosphace japonica (Miq.)S.Moore)、华南野靛棵(Mananthes austrosinensis (H.S.Lo)C.Y.Wu et C.C.Hu)、东亚磨芋(Amorphophallus kiusianus (Makino)Makino)、齿唇兰(Anoectochilus lanceolatus Lindl.)、圆叶石豆兰(Bulbophyllum drymoglossum Maxim.ex Okubo)、毛杓兰(Cypripedium franchetii E.H.Wilson)、绿花斑叶兰(Goodyyera viridiflora (Bl.)Bl.);新记录变种1 个, 即异果崖豆藤(Millettia dielsiana Harms var.heterocarpa (Chun ex T.Chen)Z.Wei)。     

Materials for Chinese Ainsliaea (Compositae)

The genus, Ainsliaea DC. from China is revised in this paper. Three species, A. nana Y. C. Tseng, A. pingbianensis Y. G. Tseng and A. trinervis Y. C. Tseng, are newly described; two species, A. chapaensis Merr. and A. angustifolia Hook. f. et Thoms. ex C. B. Clarke are new records for China and two new combinations, A. apteroides (Chang) Y. C. Tseng and A. macrocephala (Mattf.) Y. C. Tseng, are made. In addition, one species, A. hypoleuca Diels ex Limpr. and four varieties, A. bonatii Beauverd var. arachnoidea Beauverd, A. pteropoda DC. var. leiophylla Franch., A. elegans Hemsl. var. tomentosa Mattf. and A. glabra Hemsl. var. tenuiculis (Mattf.)Chang, are reduced to synonyms.     

Mariapanteles (Hymenoptera, Braconidae), a new genus of Neotropical microgastrine parasitoid wasp discovered through biodiversity inventory

A new genus of microgastrine parasitoid wasps, Mariapanteles Whitfield & Fernández-Triana, gen. n., is described from rain forests of the Neotropics. The new genus is related to the common and speciose genus Pseudapanteles, but can be distinguished from the latter by having a complete transverse carina on the propodeum which forks around the spiracles. A molecular analysis based on data from COI from specimens of the proposed new genus plus possibly related genera confirms its generic distinctness. A key to two known species, Mariapanteles felipei Whitfield, sp. n. (Costa Rica) and Mariapanteles dapkeyae Fernández-Triana, sp. n. (Brazil) is provided. Evidence from collections suggests that there are other undescribed Neotropical congenerics. Specimens of Mariapanteles were likely confused in the past with the genus Beyarslania (referred to as Xenogaster until recently) but present information suggests that Beyarslania is restricted to the Afrotropical region while the Neotropical species clearly belong to a different genus, which we propose as new.     

Revision of the Genus Isachne R. Br. (Gramineae) of China

This paper is here presented as a material for a flora of the Chinese grasses. At the beginning, it chronologically gives a brief historical sketch on the study of the subtribe Isachninae. The category which this group should constitute is here delimited, and its position in the natural system of grass-classification is also discussed. Secondly it deals with a taxonomic treatment on the genus Isachne which comprises 16 species and 7 varieties in China, amongst which two species (I. hoi and I. hainanensis) and four varieties (I. albens var. glandulifera, I. truncata vars. crispa & maxima, and I. nipponensis var. kiangsiensis) are published here as new to science. In addition, a new combination, I. hirsuta, (Hook. f.) Keng, f., based upon I. albens var. hirsuta Hook. f., is made here. The two species (I. ciliatiflora Keng, and I. tenuis Keng) published in Chinese only in the “Flora Illustralis Plantarum Primarum Sinicarum Graimeae 1959”, arehere supplemented with Latin diagnoses for validation.     

A revision of the genus Centranthus DC. (Valerianaceae)

Centranthus DC. is a mediterranean genus comprising 17 taxa (including 9 species and 7 subspecies). Two new subspecies, namely C. longiflorus subsp. atlanticus and C. calcitrapae subsp. trichocarpus , are described. Affinities within the genus are discussed and four species are newly circumscribed; five new infraspecific combinations are made. Vicariance is demonstrated with the aid of two dot maps.     

中国野青茅属(禾本科)一些种类的修订

在标本室研究和野外考察的基础上,对中国野青茅属的一些种类进行了修订。首次归并了5个类群,即将Deyeuxia pulchella var． laxa P．C．Kuo et S．L. Lu,D．gyirongensis P．C. Kuo et S．L．Lu,Calamagrostis megalantha Keng ex Keng f.并入 D. pulchella (Griseb.)Hook．f.作为异名;将D．venusta Keng,Calamagrostis longiflora Keng ex Keng f．并入D.flavens Keng作为异名;并确认D. compacta Munro ex Hook．f.与D.holciformis (Jaub．et Spach．)Bor是同一种。     

A Comparative Study on Function and Membrane Proteins of Chloroplasts of Three Species of Cephalotaxus in Late Winter

Three species of evergreen Cephalotaxus (C. fortunei Hook. f., C. sinensis Li and C. harringtonia cv. Fastigiata) were used as materials to study some functional properties of chloroplasts. It is found that the oxygenevolving capacity of the chloroplasts from these plants is inhibited but partial reaction of PS-II and effect of Mg²⁺ on energy distribution between two photosystems are detectable during the winter. Seasonal effects on the functional properties of chloroplasts from evergreen Cephalotaxus are similar to that of conifer chloroplasts. The ratio between F₆₈₅, F₆₉₅ and F₇₃₅ of fluorescence emission spectra at 77°K of chloroplasts is different among these three species. It is found by using SDS-PAGE that the number of polypeptide resolved from thylakoid membrane of C. harringtonia cv. Fastigiata substantially differs from that of C. fortunei Hook.f. and C. sinensis Li. The result shows that the fluorescence emission spectrum feature and polypeptide composition of thylakoid membrane may be used as a tool for systematics of the genus Cephalotaxus.     

Notes on the Genus Elaeocarpus Linn. from China

The Chinese Elaeocarpus Linn. is revised. Here reported are those taxa with different treatment in “Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin. “, Tomus 49 (1), including one new species and one new variety: Elaeocarpus limitaneioides Y. Tang and E. glabripetalus var. grandifructus Y. Tang, Four species and two varieties are reduced: E. boreali-yunnanensis H. T. Chang is reduced to E. lacunosus Wall. ex Kurz; E. floribundioides H. T. Chang to E. austro-yunnanensis Hu; E. fengjieensis P. C. Tuan to E. duclouxii Gagnep .; E. kwangsiensis H .T. Chang to E. glabripetalus var. alatus(Knuth) H. T. Chang; E. glabripetalus var. teres H. T. Chang to E. glabripetalus var. glabripetalus ; E. prunifolioides var. rectinervis H. T. Chang to E. prunifolioides Hu. It is found that three species, E. rugosus Roxb., E. sikkimensis Mast. and E. decandrus Merr., were wrongly determined as E. apiculatus Mast., E. fleuryi Gagnep. and E. chinensis Hook. f., respectively. In the paper also reported are some provincial new records. The infrageneric systems are discussed briefly and the Masters’ system isfollowed with some modifications.     

重庆赤车属一新种和楼梯草属二新种

描述了自重庆市江津区四面山发现的荨麻科赤车属一新种和楼梯草属二新种：（1）四面山赤车,与融安赤车近缘,区别在于新种的叶的二级脉较少,2枚雌花被片有短角状突起,以及长圆形瘦果;（2）稀柱毛楼梯草,可能与托叶楼梯草近缘,区别在于新种的叶较小,雌总苞苞片,以及雄、雌小苞片均在背面具龙骨状突起,柱头由只3~4根毛组成;（3）四面山楼梯草,与长尖楼梯草近缘,区别在于新种茎的顶端被短柔毛,雄头状花序的花序梗较短,以及雄总苞苞片呈条状船形,背面具龙骨状突起。