连钱草化学成分研究

从连钱草(Glechoma longituba)分离并鉴定了10个化合物,分别为β-谷甾醇(1)、齐敦果酸(2)、熊果酸(3)、2α,3α-二羟基乌苏-12-烯-28-酸(4)2、α,3β-二羟基乌苏-12-烯-28-酸(5)、胡萝卜苷(6),3,6-二甲氧基-6″,6″-二甲基苯并吡喃-(7,8,2″,3″)-黄酮(7)、芫花素(8)、芹菜素-7-O--βD-葡萄糖苷(9)、木犀草素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖甙(10)。其中化合物2,4~8首次从该植物中分离得到。     

云南产玉米须的化学成分研究

从玉米须60%乙醇提取液中分离得到了14个化合物,经波谱学方法分别鉴定为柯伊利素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(1)、柯伊利素-6-C-β-波伊文糖-7-O-β-葡萄糖苷(2)、柯伊利素-6-C-β-波伊文糖苷(3)、L-鼠李糖(4)、豆甾-4-烯-3β,6β-二醇(5)、7α-羟基谷甾醇(6)、7β-羟基谷甾醇(7)、胡萝卜苷棕榈酸酯(8)、大豆脑苷I(9)、7α-羟基谷甾醇-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(10)、麦角甾-7,22-二烯-3β,5α,6β-三醇(11)、棕榈酸(12)、胡萝卜苷(13)和β-谷甾醇(14),其中化合物1、4和7～12为首次从玉米须中分离得到。     

香薷中的化学成分

从香[Eltholtzia ciliata(Thund.)Hyland]中分出14个化合物,用波谱和化学等方法确定为6-甲基三十三烷(Ⅰ),13-环己基二十六烷(Ⅱ),β-谷甾醇(Ⅲ),棕榈酸(Ⅳ_a),亚油酸(Ⅳ_b),亚麻酸(Ⅳ_c),熊果酸(Ⅴ),5-羟基-6、7-二甲氧基黄酮(Ⅵ),5-羟基-7、8-二甲氧基黄酮(Ⅶ),5、7-二羟基-4′-甲氧基黄酮(Ⅷ),5-羟基-7、4′-二甲氧基双氢黄酮醇(Ⅸ),β-谷甾醇-3-β-D-葡萄糖甙(Ⅹ),5-羟基-6-甲基-7-O-α-D-半乳吡喃糖双氢黄酮甙(Ⅺ),刺槐素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖甙(Ⅻ)。其中化合物Ⅺ为新化合物,除(Ⅳ_b)和(Ⅳ_c)外,其余为首次从该属植物中得到。     

维药洋甘菊化学成分及DPPH自由基清除活性研究

为对洋甘菊(Matricaria chamomilla L.)的化学成分进行分离纯化及化合物DPPH自由基清除的活性进行考察,本实验通过正、反相硅胶、Sephadex LH-20、半制备高效液相色谱,从洋甘菊中分离得到11个化合物,通过波谱方法进行鉴定结构为山萘酚-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(1)、木犀草素-3′-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(2)、6-羟基木犀草素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(3)、异槲皮苷(4)、5-羟基-4′,7-二甲基-6,8-二甲氧基黄酮(5)、槲皮素-3′-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(6)、3-羟基苯甲醇(7)、1-(4-羟基苯基)乙烷-1,2-二醇(8)、2-(3-甲氧基-4-羟基苯基)-丙烷-1,3-二醇(9)、2-(4-羟基乙基)乙醇(10)、丁香酸(11),其中化合物1～3、5、7～11为首次从该植物中分离得到,经DPPH清除自由基活性筛选发现化合物1～3、5、6有着与对照组相当的DPPH自由基清除活性。     

红花的化学成分及DPPH自由基清除活性研究

从红花中分离得到14个化合物,通过波谱数据和理化性质分别鉴定为:异光黄素(1)、(2S)-4',5,6,7-四羟基二氢黄酮-6-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(2)、新红花苷(3)、山柰酚(4)、山柰酚-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(5)、山柰酚-3-O-β-芸香糖苷(6)、6-羟基山柰酚(7)、6-羟基山柰酚-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(8)、槲皮素(9)、对羟基苯甲酸(10)、对羟基桂皮酸(11)、尿嘧啶(12)、腺嘌呤(13)、β-谷甾醇(14),其中化合物1首次从红花属植物中分离得到。采用TLC-DPPH生物自显影法筛选单体化合物及红花醇提物各萃取部位的自由基清除活性,结果表明乙酸乙酯萃取物及化合物4、9、11具有明显的DPPH自由基清除活性。     

岗松化学成分的研究

从岗松的石油醚和氯仿提取组分中分离得到7个化合物,根据NMR、HSQC、HMBC、IR和MS的数据分析及与文献对照,确定它们的结构为白桦脂酸(betulinic acid,1),齐墩果酸(oleanolic acid,2),没食子酸乙酯(ethyl sabre,3),5-羟基-6-甲基-7-甲氧基-二氢黄酮(5-hydroxy-6-methyl-7-methoxy-flavanone,4),5-羟基-7-甲氧基-8-甲基二氢黄酮(5-hydroxy-7-methoxy-8-methylflavanone,5),5-羟基-7-甲氧基-2-异丙基色原酮(5-hydroxy-7-methoxy-2-isopropylchromone,6)和β-谷甾醇(β-sitosterol,7).其中,化合物1～5和7为首次从该植物中分离得到.     

硬毛地笋化学成分研究

采用各种色谱对硬毛地笋(Lycopus lucidus Turcz.var.hirtus Regel)的化学成分进行分离,通过理化性质和波谱分析进行结构鉴定。从硬毛地笋全草甲醇提取物中分离鉴定了9个化合物:β-胡萝卜素(1),7,3’,4’-三羟基黄酮(2),β-谷甾醇(3),3’,4’,5-三羟基-3,7-二甲氧基黄酮(4),α-香树脂醇(5),β-香树脂醇(6),24-羟基-乌苏-12-烯-28-酸(7),β-胡萝卜苷(8),24-甲基-5α-胆甾-7,22-二烯-6α-醇-3β-O-葡萄糖苷(9)。化合物4,7和9为首次从该科植物中分离得到,化合物1～9均为首次从硬毛地笋中分离得到。     

小金梅草化学成分研究(英文)

从小金梅草乙醇提取物中分离得到了12个化合物,分别为3-O-β-D-槲皮素葡萄糖苷(1)、3-O-β-D-山柰酚葡萄糖苷(2)、5-O-β-D-芹菜素葡萄糖苷(3)、α-菠甾醇(4)、2,6-二甲氧基苯甲酸(5)、3-吲哚甲酸(6)、(2S,3R,4E,8E)-1-(β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷)-N-[(R)-2’-羟基-二十碳酰基]-9-甲基-4,8-二烯-1,3-二醇-2-氨基-十八烷(7)、正三十二烷醇(8)、14,15-二十碳烯酸(9)、木腊酸(10)、β-谷甾醇(11)、胡萝卜苷(12)。以上化合物均为首次从该植物中得到。     

齿瓣石斛化学成分的研究

通过硅胶、Sephadex LH-20反复柱层析、纯化,从齿瓣石斛的茎中分离得到7个化合物,利用理化性质和波谱分析分别鉴定为新甘草苷(1)、3,5-二羟基黄酮-7-O-葡萄糖醛酸苷(2)、芦丁(3)、芹菜素-7-O-芸香糖苷(4)、芹菜素-7-O-葡萄糖苷(5)、β-胡萝卜苷(6)和β-谷甾醇(7)。以上化合物均为首次从齿瓣石斛中分离得到。     

金鱼藻的化学成分

从金鱼藻(Ceratophyllum demersum L.)全草的乙醇提取物中分离鉴定了其中7个,分别为:苜蓿素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(1) , naringenin-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(2) ,七叶内酯(3) ,β-谷甾醇(4) , 7α-羟基-β-谷甾醇(5) , 7α-甲氧基-β-谷甾醇(6) ,十六碳脂肪酸(7)。化合物(3)为首次从金鱼藻中分离得到。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.