中国云南齿甲属分类研究(鞘翅目,拟步甲科,齿甲族)

对中国云南省的齿甲属Uloma Dejean进行了分类整理,描述1新种Uloma valgipes sp.nov.并绘图,新种与小齿甲U.minuta Liu,Ren& Wang,2007相似,但可以通过以下特征区别于后者:前足胫节向内侧极弯;雄性前胸背板无凹;前胸背板前缘近两侧具细饰边,中部1/3范围内无饰边;后足第1跗节长于第4节;雄性外生殖器形状不同.并给出了云南省已知种类检索表.模式标本保存于河北大学博物馆.弯胫齿甲,新种Ulomavalgipes sp.nov.(图1～9)正模♂,云南龙陵龙新黑山(海拔2 300 m),2008-07-23,徐吉山采.词源:新种种名源自拉丁词valgus(弯的)+拉丁词pes (足)变化词尾组合而成,意指该虫的雄性前足胫节向内侧极弯曲.     

中国直扁足甲属分类及一新种记述(鞘翅目,拟步甲科)

对中国直扁足甲属Blindus Mulsantet Rey,1853进行了分类总结,分别给出世界已知8种及亚种的♂和♀成虫检索表,描述1新种:弯胫直扁足甲B.curvotibius sp.nov.。模式标本保存在河北大学博物馆。弯胫直扁足甲,新种Blindu curvotibius sp.nov.(图2～9,52)新种近似于Blindus reichardti Medvedev,1968,两者的显著区别是:1)前者的额有1人字凹;而后者无;2)前者前胸背板的刻点行深,行间十分隆起;而后者的刻点行浅,行间隆起不明显;3)前者的前胸背板基部仅两端有饰边;而后者整个基部有完整饰边;4)前者的后足胫节明显弯曲;而后者后足胫节均匀弯曲,整体弯曲不强烈。正模♂,河南鸡公山,2004-08-05,海拔250～700m,王凤艳采。副模2♀♀,记录数据同正模。词源:种名根据后足胫节弯曲而提订。     

修丽金龟属一新种(鞘翅目,丽金龟科)

双齿修丽金龟Ischnopopillia bidentata,sp.nov. ,体长:7毫米,体宽:4毫米。 体长椭圆形,浅黄褐色;头部、前胸背板2大斑和跗节黑色,胸部中央、各腹节中部前半(末节除外)和胫节深褐。 唇基横梯形,前缘近直,前角宽圆,上卷强,皱刻粗密;额三角形平塌,密布粗刻点,前半皱,头顶刻点疏;触角鳃片略短于前6节总长。前胸背板光亮,布极为纤疏刻点;基部最宽;侧缘中部圆弯,前段直,后段稍弯缺;前角锐角前伸,后角直角形,端     

中国栉甲属四新种记述(鞘翅目,拟步甲科,朽木甲亚科)

描述中国朽木甲亚科栉甲属Cteniopinus 4新种：宽胸栉甲Cteniopinus brevithoracus sp．nov．,黑头栉甲C．ni-grocapitis sp．nov．,黑腹栉甲C．nigroventrus sp．nov．和红足栉甲C．rubipes sp．nov．。模式标本均保存在河北大学博物馆。宽胸栉甲,新种Cteniopinus brevithorucus sp．nov．(图1～8,33)。正模♂,云南高黎贡山,2000—06—27,梁宏斌采。副模1♂,记录同正模。新种与分布朝鲜的黑角栉甲C．nigritarhsis Borchrnann,1930在外形上近似,两者区别是：前者腿节和触角基部3节黄色,前胸背板宽明显大于长,下颚须端节上缘长于下缘1．3倍。后者则整个腿节和触角黑色,前胸背板长宽近相等,下颚须端节上缘长于下缘2．2倍。词源：种名意指前胸背板较宽。黑头栉甲,新种Cteniopinus nigroeapitis sp.nov．(图9～16,34)。正模♂,云南高黎贡山,2000—06—27,梁宏斌采。新种与分布中国甘肃和四川的波氏栉甲C.potanini Heyd,1889在外形上近似,两者区别是：前者体长不超过9mm,前胸背板宽大于长,下颚须端节上缘长于下缘1．4倍,身体腹面黄色至浅褐色。后者体长超过11mm,前胸背板长宽近相等。下颚须端节上缘长于下缘2．6倍。身体腹面黑色。词源：种名意指头为黑色。黑腹栉甲,新种Cteniopinus nigroventrus sp．nov．(图17～24,35)。正模♂,重庆江津,2001—05—21,王海建采。副模1♂,2♀♀,记录同正模。新种与分布日本和中国华东的普氏栉甲C.hypocrita(Marseul,1876)在外形上近似,两者区别是：前者下颚须黑色;前胸背板侧缘前端无饰边;足基节和腹部黑色,下颚须柄节黄色,梗节褐色,第3节深褐色。后者前胸背板侧缘具完整饰边。足基节黄色。词源：种名意指腹部暗黑色。红足栉甲,新种Cteniopinus rubipes sp.nov．(图25～32,36)。正模♂,四川康定玉君山(3000m),1999—08—06,任国栋采。副模2♂♂,10♀♀,记录同正模。新种与分布中国云南的红色栉甲C．ruber Pic,1923在外形上近似,两者区别是：前者体长不足12mm;头和足红色,小盾片和腹部黄色。后者体长13mm以上;头和足、小盾片和腹部均黑色。词源：种名意指足为红色。     

中国细甲族二新纪录属及二新种记述(鞘翅目,拟步甲科)

记述中国细甲族2新纪录属和2新种,前者是四脊细甲属Tetranillus Wasmann,1899和印细甲属Induchillus Koch,1941,后者是长四脊细甲T longicarinatus sp.nov.(西藏拉萨)和隆颊印细甲I.convexigena sp.nov.(西藏拉萨).给出了已知种检索表.模式标本保存于河北大学博物馆.1长四脊细甲,新种Tetranillus longicarinatus sp.nov.(图3～12,23)体长5.4～6.2 mm,宽1.6～1.8 mm.正模♂,西藏拉萨,3 380 m,2003-08-23,任国栋采;副模5♂♂,2♀♀,记录同正模.新种与T.costatus Wasmann,1899(印度,马哈拉施特)相近,两者主要区别:前者头部中脊较侧脊长;触角第4～9节长明显大于宽;前胸背板长于宽1.29倍;鞘翅长于宽2.0倍,肩角尖小且后突.词源:种名意指头部中脊长于侧脊.2隆颊印细甲,新种Induchillus convexigena sp.nov.(图13～22,24)体长3.6～4.1 mm,宽1.1～1.2 mm.正模♂,西藏拉萨,3 380 m,2003-08-23,任国栋采;副模5♂♂,4♀♀,记录同正模.新种与分布印度安达曼岛的J.andamanus Kaszab,1981相近,两者主要区别:前者头卵圆形并有模糊刻点;前胸背板长宽近等,镶嵌稠密粗刻点;鞘翅第2脊中部较基部低矮;缘折刻点向后渐变细.词源:种名意指后颊隆起.     

中国窄褐甲属一新种记述(鞘翅目,拟步甲科)

记述窄褐甲属Catomus Allard 1新种(中国:四川),断边窄褐甲Catomus(Sinocatomus)interruptus sp.nov.。模式标本保存在河北大学博物馆。断边窄褐甲,新种Catomus(Sinocatomus)interruptus sp.nov.(图1～9)新种与Catomus(Sinocatomus)solitarius Nabozhenko近似,与后者的区别在于:该种前颊弱隆,其外缘明显达不到复眼外缘;前胸背板长稍大于宽,中部最宽,侧缘向后不明显收缩,其饰边于前1/3处中断,后缘饰边中央中断。词源:来自拉丁词"interrupt",意指前胸背板侧缘饰边于前1/3处间断。生境:采自较湿润灌木草原山坡石块下。正模♀,四川松潘镇江关,2008-07-20,2960m,任国栋采;副模1♀,记录同正模。     

中国古铜长蝽属记述(半翅目:长蝽科)

古铜长蝽(Emphanisis China)是长蝽科中的一个小属,目前已知5种。此属体多古铜色,密被金黄色平伏毛;头凸圆,眼小,远离前胸背板前缘,中叶长于侧叶;触角第一节超过头部末端,第四节纺锤形,触角瘤由背面明显可见;喙伸达中足基节。前胸背板侧缘弯曲,中纵脊不甚明显,刻点粗大.密集,后叶刻点更深,并相互连结形成粗糙多皱的网状。     

川,滇蚱科的新属和新种：（直翅目：蚱科）

本文记载采自四川、云南二省蚱科2新属3新种。驼背蚱属Gibbotettix,新属,近似于Cladonotella Hanc.及Potua Bol.,其区别于后两属为前胸背板后突顶端平截,中央略凹;触角细长,中段节长为宽的7～9倍。峨嵋驼背蚱Gibbotettix emeiensis,新种,体暗褐色。红河驼背蚱G.hongheensis,新种,近似于峨嵋驼背蚱G.emeiensi,主要区别为头顶宽为一眼宽的2倍;头顶侧缘隆线明显片状突出;触角着生于眼下缘之下不远;前胸背板前缘平截;背板驼背向后渐低。二齿蚱属Bidentatettix,新属,近似于Falconis Bol.,其区别为头顶前缘具2向前的锐齿;前胸背板侧片后角具5个锐齿;各足股节下、上缘均具1列大刺突。云南二齿蚱B.yunnanensis,新种,体暗黄褐色。     

堆砂螱属一新种记述

罗甸堆砂螱Cryptotermes luodianis,新种 翅螱(图A～B) 头赤褐色;前唇基带黄色;后唇基与上唇深棕黄色;触角褐黄色;前胸背板、腹部及腿节较头部色微深;前足胫节为淡黄褐色,而中、后足胫节色较之微淡;翅褐黄色。 头部被毛稀疏;上唇端部约有毛7～9枚;前胸背板周缘散生一些毛。 头略近长方形,两侧近似平行,后缘宽弧形。Y缝隐约可见。复眼适度膨出,形状如图所示。单眼较小,近似圆形,接近复眼。褐黄色半月形触角斑可见,额部不甚平坦,有纵向皱纹。前唇基明显梯形,上唇宽,拱形。左上颚第一缘齿斜向,尖,其后切缘短     

青海省蚱属一新种记述(直翅目,蚱科)

记述采自青海省蚱属1新种,即黑胫蚱Tetrix nigrotibialis sp.nov.。新种近似于二斑蚱Tetrix bipunctata(Linnaeus)及拟二斑蚱Tetrixparabi punctata Zheng,其与上述2种的主要区别:1)前胸背板前缘平直;2)触角长于前足股节长的1.3倍;3)侧面观前胸背板上缘弧形隆起,中部平直;4)肩部之间不具1对短纵隆线;5)前胸背板后突到达后足股节顶端;6)后足股节下侧及后足胫节黑色。模式标本保存于陕西师范大学动物研究所昆虫标本室(正模)及青海师范大学生命与地理科学学院(副模)。     

On the Knowledge of Coprophilus (Zonyptilus) pennifer (Motschulsky, 1845) and Coprophilus (Zonyptilus) marginalis (Reitter, 1894) (Coleoptera,Staphylinidae)

Entomological Review - The type and other extensive material of Coprophilus (Zonyptilus) pennifer (Motschulsky, 1845) and some of its synonyms was examined. Coprophilus (Zonyptilus) marginalis...     

Electronic structures of collagen model polymers: (Gly-Pro)n, (Gly-Hyp)n, (Ala-Pro)n, (Ala-Hyp)n, (Gly-Pro-Gly)n, (Gly-Hyp-Gly)n, (Gly-Pro-Pro)n, and (Gly-Pro-Hyp)n

In order to investigate the relationship existing between the electronic structures of collagen and its biochemical functions in vivo, the semiempirical CNDO/2 SCF MO calculations were carried out on several model polymers of collagen, (Gly-Pro)_n, (Gly-Hyp)_n, (Ala-Pro)_n, (Ala-Hyp)_n, (Gly-Pro-Gly)_n, (Gly-Hyp-Gly)_n, (Gly-Pro-Pro)_n and (Gly-Pro-Hyp)_n. Geometries of the skeleton of these polymers were assumed to be the same as those of poly(l-proline) I (cis) and II (trans) and the calculations were performed only on infinite polymers in a single chain. The results show that the cis form is always more stable than the trans form for all the polymers treated. This energy difference between the cis and trans forms depends, for example, on the kind of amino acid residue, Gly or Ala, but this could not be seen in the Pro or Hyp residue. The flexibility or mobility of the collagen structure was explained using the energy difference between the cis and trans forms of the polymers, i.e. the cis-trans conversion of the collagen was discussed in connection with the energy difference. The reason why the collagen has the constitution of (Gly-Pro-Hyp)_n is briefly discussed.     

On the Synonymy of Coprophilus (Zonyptilus) pennifer (Motschulsky, 1845) (Coleoptera,Staphylinidae, Oxytelinae)

Entomological Review - The type material of several synonyms of Coprophilus (Zonyptilus) pennifer (Motschulsky, 1845) is revised. Both Coprophilus (Zonyptilus) striatipennis (Eppelsheim, 1894) and...     

Genetic polymorphism (ABO, Rh, Kell) in Kabul (Afghanistan)

ABO, rhesus and Kell blood group data on 1327 donors in Kabul are analysed by ethnic affinity and compared with existing data on Afghanistan peoples. Blood group frequencies are very similar in Pushtu and Tadjik, despite their different historical, linguistic, and cultural backgrounds. Inclusion of the small sample of Hazara in the analysis shows overall heterogeneity in rhesus D, E, and e frequencies, suggesting the existence of a broader pattern of genetic variation among the peoples of Afghanistan.     

Ecomorphology ofCrassostrea cucullata (Born, 1778) (Ostreidae) in a mangrove creek (Gazi,Kenya)

Variations of shell form and shell length were studied for oysters growing in the mangroves of Gazi Creek, Kenya, and related to different environmental factors.For the study of the form, Fourier analysis was performed on the circumference of 85 oysters. The resulting coefficients were compared among specimens using cluster analysis. The correspondence between this classification and substrate diameter is virtually perfect (only one misclassification out of 85 oysters). For the clusters based on height above chart datum, 9 specimens, all on intermediate height levels, were misclassified. Orientation with respect to tidal current had 13 misclassifications. Mangrove species seemed to influence form only marginally, if at all.In the study of the size ofCrassostrea cucullata, the length of 956 oysters, growing along two transects were measured, and correlated with several environmental factors. Oyster length was not related to substrate diameter or its orientation with respect to the main current. Length was not influenced by density up to a cover of 70%. For densities higher than 70%, there was a fairly strong negative correlation (r ² = 0.634,n = 217). Length was not correlated with height above bottom (base of the tree) for heights lower than 20 cm, while oysters growing closer to the bottom were smaller. The correlation with height above chart datum was negative but very low (r ² = 0.060,n = 957). However, if all measurements of oysters closer than 20 cm to the bottom, and all from a density of more than 70% cover are deleted from the data set, the correlation with height increased dramatically, the slope still being negative (r ² = 0.859,n = 543).     

Molecular-Mechanical studies of the mismatched base analogs of d(CGCGAATTCGCG)2:d(CGTGAATTCGCG)2, d(CGAGAATTCGCG)2, d(CGCGAATTCACG)2, d(CGCGAATTCTCG)2, and d(CGCAGAATTCGCG)·d(CGCGAATTCGCG)

Molecular-mechanical simulations have been carried out on “mismatched base” analogs of the DNA double-helical structure d(CGCGAATTCGCG)₂, in which the base pairs CG at the 3 and 10 positions have been replaced by CA, AG, TC, and TG base pairs, as well as an insertion analog in which an extra adenine has been incorporated into one strand of the above structure between bases 3 and 4. The results of these simulations (calculated relative stabilities, structures, and nmr ring-current shifts) have been compared with calorimetric and nmr data. The calculated relative stabilities of the double-helical parent dodecamer and the various “wobble” base pairs qualitatively correlate with the experimental melting temperatures. The base-pairing structure for the GT wobble pair is in agreement with that previously determined from nmr experiments. For the GA base pair, the structure with both bases anti has a slightly more favorable energy from base pairing and stacking than a structure with non-Watson-Crick H-bonding with adenine syn, in agreement with nmr experiments. The CA wobble base is calculated to favor an adenine 6NH₂ …? cytosine N3 H-bond over cytosine 4NH₂ …? adenine N1, again, in agreement with nmr experiments. There is no definitive experimental data on the TC base pair, but the existence of (somewhat long and weak) H-bonds involving cytosine 4NH₂ …? thymine 4CO and cytosine N3 …? thymine HN3 seems reasonable. We find a structure in which the extra adenine base of the insertion analogs sits “inside” the double helix.     

Spermiogenesis in Anaspides tasmaniae (Thomson) (Crustacea,Malacostraca, Syncarida)

Spermiogenesis of the syncarid Anaspides tasmaniae (subclass Eumalacostraca) was investigated by transmission electron microscopy. The spermatozoan of Anaspides is an ovoid cell with an acrosome covering the anterior pole and a lobulated nucleus and mitochondria occupying the rest of the cell. A long subacrosomal filament bypasses the nucleus and forms a spiral that supports a thin extension of the posterior cytoplasm, giving the spermatozoan a bell-shaped appearance. No flagellum is present at any stage. The immobile spermatozoans are embedded in a hard capsule, secreted by the cells of the wall of the vas deferens.     

寡毛金花天牛的新异名

奥地利天牛分类学家Holzschuh(1993)根据四川标本描述了C.anrotes(Carilia)glabricollis Holzschuh,1993.因该学名已被光胸金花天牛Gaurotes (Neogaurotes )glabricollis Pu,1992占用,Holzschuh(1998)为其拟定了替换学名Gaurotes (Carilia )glabratula Holzschuh,1998.后来,蒋书楠、陈力(2001)也为这个异物同名拟定了一个不必要的替换学名寡毛金花天牛Gaurotes(Carilia)oligothrix Chiang,2001.根据<国际动物命名法规>(第4版),Gaurotes (Carilia)glabratula Holzschuh,1998享有优先权,因此Gaurotes(Carilia)oligothrix Chiang,2001成为客观次异名.     

Tachinid (Diptera, Tachinidae) parasitoids of sawflies (Hymenoptera, Symphyta)

A list of 31 genera of tachinid parasitoids of sawflies is given. Despite the ecological and habitual similarity of sawflies and Lepidoptera, utilization of sawflies by tachinids was not as successful from the evolutionary point of view as utilization of Lepidoptera. Parasitism of tachinids in sawflies is evidently secondary; it appeared repeatedly and originates from parasitism in Lepidoptera. Most genera of tachinids are polyphagous. Endoparasitic Hymenoptera are koinobionts similarly to tachinids. The direct contact of the parasitoid with active mobile host larva not only results in complication of behavior and its specialization, but also promotes formation of different morphological innovations faster than that in idiobionts.     

A new nematode species (Seuratoidea, Cucullanidae) parasitizing Parauchenipterus striatulus (Steindachner, 1876) (Pisces, Auchenipteridae) in Brazil

A new species of a cucullanid nematode is described, illustrated and compared with Cucullanus brevispiculus Moravec, Kohn & Fernandes, 1993 and C. rhamphichthydis Moravec, Kohn & Fernandes, 1997, two species previously reported as parasitizing freshwater fish in South America. The new species is characterized mainly by markedly short spicules, deirids and excretory pore situated posterior to the oesophago-intestinal junction, presence of strongly sclerotized plates in the oesophastome and oesophagus divided into two distinct portions.