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Résumé La comparaison des granules ou des protéines de granules desBaculovirus dePieris brassicae, Pygaera anastomosis, Hyphantria cunea, Carpocapsa pomonella, Mythimna unipuncta, Mamestra oleracea a été entreprise par les techniques d'électrophorèse, d'agglutination, d'immunofluorescence et de précipitation en gel. L'électrophorèse fait appara?tre l'étroite ressemblance qui existe entre les protéines des six sortes de corps d'inclusion. L'analyse immunochimique montre que chaque granule est bien distinct de tous les autres; elle peut servir de base à l'identification des divers virus.
Avec la collaboration technique de LilianeCroizier. 相似文献
Summary The proteins ofBaculovirus capsules ofPieris brassicae, Pygaera anastomosis, Hyphantria cunea, Mamestra oleracea, Mythimna unipuncta andCarpocapsa pomonella are studied and compared. There is no significant difference in the composition of electrophoregrams of proteins extracted from capsules of six virus strains by means of a thioglycolate buffer, pH 10,5. Two chief zones (G and F bands) are identified in every one of these strains. Mobility of proteins (C proteins) contained in the G intermediate band is slightly identical, only C proteins ofPieris brassicae andPygaera anastomosis can be differentiated according to a slight difference between electrophoretic mobility. Agglutination and immunofluorescence techniques used for suspensions and smears of granules enable to recognize granules ofC. pomonella andM. unipuncta among the six types of granules. By the immunodiffusion technique, it is revealed that F antigens occurs in all strains and C antigens in five ones. In addition to these common antigens, there are specific antigens respectively named TPa, TPb, J, U, P antigens forP. anastomosis, P. brassicae, H. cunea, M. unipuncta andC. pomonella granules. Capsules taken in Hungary and France from larvae ofC. pomonella could not be differentiated by the techniques used. This work emphasizes both characters common to the group of viruses studied and differences sufficient for identifying every one of types studied.
Avec la collaboration technique de LilianeCroizier. 相似文献
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La comparaison des protéines des polyèdres des Baculovirus deGalleria mellonella L.,Lymantria dispar L.,Autographa californica Speyer,Mamestra brassicae L.,Arctia caja L.,Bombyx mori L. etAntheraea pernyi Guer. en immunodiffusion montre qu'il existe entre elles une étroite parenté antigénique. Des différences entre ces protéines peuvent être mises en évidence à l'aide de sérums spécifiques obtenus dans des conditions particulières d'immunisation. 相似文献
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Résumé Trois isolats de polyèdres nucléaires deSpodoptera littoralis Boisduval (isolats Egypte, Maroc et Lyon) sont comparés entre eux et avec des préparations de polyèdres nucléaires des lépidoptèresBombyx mori L.,Galleria mellonella L.,Lymantria dispar L. etAutographa californica Speyer. L'analyse porte à la fois sur la composition peptidique des virions, sur le poids moléclaire des protéines des polyèdres et sur les parentés antigéniques entre ces protéines. Nous montrons que chaque espèce de lépidoptères possède un type différent de virus et que les trois isolats de polyèdres nucléaires obtenus chezS. littoralis sont très semblables. Cependant l'isolat Lyon diffère des deux autres et se compose d'un mélange de deux souches. La première souche commune aux trois isolats se propage à la fois sur larves deS. littoralis etSpodoptera exigua Hübner, tandis que la seconde souche propre à l'isolat Lyon ne se multiplie que sur larves deS. littoralis.
Summary Three NPV isolates ofSpodoptera littoralis Boisduval (Egypt, Maroc and Lyon isolates) are studied and compared to NPV ofBombyx mori L.,Galleria mellonella L.,Porthetria dispar L. andAutographa californica Speyer. Polyhedron protein and peptide analyses as well as immunological comparisons were performed. Each of lepidopterous species possesses a different virus type. The 3 isolates coming fromS. littoralis are similar. Nevertheless, Lyon isolate is a mixture of 2 closely related strains. The 1st strain multiplies inS. littoralis andSpodoptera exigua Hbn. larvae and is found in the 3 isolates. The 2nd strain belongs only to Lyon isolate and does not develop inS. exigua larvae. The polyhedron protein molecular weight of the strain 1 is 30 590 and that of the strain 2 is 28 533. Strain 2 has 1 extrapeptide of MW 80 000 in addition to 11 virion peptides common to the both strains. Attention is drawn to the importance of NPV isolates differences for the bioinsecticide characterization.相似文献
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《Comptes rendus de l'Académie des sciences. Série III, Sciences de la vie》1997,320(9):675-688
The recent gain in knowledge concerning enzymes involved in signal transduction pathways is a direct consequence of the considerable advances made in molecular biology. Protein kinases and protein phosphatases, the two major enzymes implicated in post-translational modifications, have been studied in particular. The number of characterized plant genes and/or cDNAs encoding these enzymes is increasing everyday. Since 1991, 26 genes and cDNAs coding for plant protein phosphatases have been isolated and characterized. The huge number of protein kinases (estimated at several thousands) makes it impossible to give an exhaustive list of the genes already identified, but a classification of these enzymes, based on phylogenetic criteria, allows us to appreciate the range of functions this protein family may play in plants. 相似文献
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A higher survival rate and faster wound healing in dogs on a controlled and well-balanced diet have been demonstrated when compared with those not under dietetic control.Electrophoretic comparison of serum proteins was carried out in two groups of dogs. The first was on a well-controlled and well-balanced diet; the second group received an uncontrolled diet. The dogs in Group 2 had a lower concentration of total proteins, and globulins, especially gamma-globulins, were diminished; however, the serum albumin was higher. The albumin/globulin ratio was 0.93 in Group 1 and 2.07 in Group 2.Serum electrolyte levels also showed some slight differences. Sodium and potassium levels were higher in well-nourished dogs, while chloride and bicarbonates were slightly lower. 相似文献
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L. Charbonnier 《Biochimie》1974,55(10):1217-1225
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Bio tribune magazine - Thromboses veineuses et artérielles sont des pathologies complexes soumises à de multiples influences génétiques et environnementales, imparfaitement... 相似文献
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《Biochimica et Biophysica Acta.Protein Structure》1976,420(2):279-287
Following ethylene diamine treatment of the cell wall of Rhodotorula rubra, a water soluble fraction has been isolated. This fraction can be resolved into three glycoproteins and one protein. The major part is a glycoprotein, purified to homogeneity which has a molecular weight of 64 000. The glyco-part of this protein contains mannose, glucose and one residue of glucosamine. After pronase treatment, the presence of an “Asparaginyl-N-acetylglucosamine” linkage is established by the existence of one aspartic acid residue and one glucosamine residue. After permethylation, the initial data give some evidence that the branching points in the molecule were the carbon atoms 3 and (or) 6 of the mannose moiety and that some glucose moieties are bound to the non-reducing terminal end. 相似文献
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Résumé ChezLymantria dispar L. il est démontré que la plus grande résistance d'un state larvaire par rapport au précédent ne s'explique pas par la différence de poids ou de consommation des chenilles, parce que le poids des chenilles et leur consommation de la surface traitée sont proportionnels. ChezMamestra brassicae L. la différence de sensibilité en fonction des stades existe également, mais elle s'estompe partiellement quand on prend la mortalité à long terme en considération. Il semble que la résistance s'accro?t progressivement en fonction de la croissance pondérale et non pas par palier en fonction des mues. ChezSpodoptera littoralis Boisduval il est démontré qu'une première dose infectieuse conditionne l'effet à court et moyen-terme et aucune sensibilisation ni immunisation ne puissent être révélées aux stades suivants. Il est donné un exemple d'extrapolation de ces résultats de laboratoire pour l'élaboration d'une stratégie de lutte dans la nature contreL. dispar et pour l'explication du résultat, apparemment contradictoire de celui trouvé dans la littérature.
Summary InLymantria dispar L., it has been proved that the higher resistance of a larval instar compared to the previous one cannot be explained by the difference of weight or of food consumption of the caterpillars because their weight is proportional to the amount of the treated food that has been eaten. InMamestra brassicae L. there is also a relation between the susceptibility and the larval instars but it is less evident when long term mortality is considered. The resistance seems to increase gradually in relation to the weight increase and not by steps according to the larval moults. InSpodoptera littoralis, B, it has been showed that a 1st infectious dose determines the short and middle-term effect and no sensitization nor immunization seems occur in next larval instars An example is given of the extrapolation of the laboratory results to develop an experimental field control program againstL. dispar and to explain opposite results in the literature.相似文献
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Kinetic studies of the peroxydase activity of hemoglobin and methemoglobin have been carrid out with oxygenated water as oxidising substrate and with gaïacol as electron donor. The values of kinetic constants have been determined and compared with those previously obtained for the hemoglobin-haptoglobin complex.Contrary to what might be presumed, the Km and kδ of the reaction catalysed by hemoglobin are not significantly different from those catalysed by the hemoglobin-haptoglobin complex. The character of the inhibition promoted by high concentrations of gaïacol is, however, different in the two cases. An attempt is made to explain this difference in terms of structural changes of hemoglobin resulting from the haptoglobin fixation. 相似文献
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Résumé Une préparation expérimentale de virus de la polyédrose nucléaire (VNP) deMamestra brassicae L. a été appliquée dans les conditions de la pratique dans un champ de choux-fleurs pour lutter contre cette noctuelle. La préparation, appelée virusine M.B., est fabriquée à partir de chenilles mortes, après infection en élevage de larves du 5e stade. La période de traitement a été déterminée selon le vol des papillons, suivi par piégeage sexuel. Six traitements par virus ont été effectués tous les 5 à 8 jours. Les 3 doses expérimentées (resp. 0,6 1012/3.1012 et 1,5 1013 polyèdres par ha) ont proportionnellement diminué aussi bien l'effectif de la population larvaire que les dégats à la culture de choux-fleurs.
Summary An experimental preparation of nuclear polyhedrosis virus (NPV) ofMamestra brassicae L. (named “virusine M.B.”, was applied under routine conditions to a field of cauliflower for control of this noctuid. The preparation was made from a filtrate of dead larvae, after infection of stock culture of 5 th instar larvae. This filtrate, with the addition of inert materials, was made into a powder in an industrial spray-drier. The resulting powder had the following composition: 50% vegetable charcoal, 35% skim milk powder, and 15% dried larval filtrate. It contained 6×109 polyhedra/g. The biological activity of the preparation was evaluated by bioassay against the crude material prepared by acetone precipitation of a sample of the same filtrate. The objective of the field experiment was to determine the dosage of the preparation necessary to use under field conditions on cauliflower in the Rhone valley. The infection of newly hatched larvae was attempted, to take advantage of their susceptibility compared with later instars. The application period was determined by the flight of males into traps baited with virgin females reared in the laboratory. Six applications of virus were made, August 11, 18, and 24 and September 1, 6, and 13, 1977 (every 5 to 8 days). Between August 23 and September 2 a complementary release of 65 pairs ofMamestra was made to ensure a high population density of larvae in the crop. This action was unnecessary because it was demonstrated that the natural infestation was dense enough. Each dosage was applied to 4 plots of 180 m2 with an average of 400 plants each. In addition, 2 spraying with Bactospeine (aBacillus thuringiensis preparation) was applied againstPieris brassicae L. on all 4 plots. The results of the treatment with virusine M.B. againstM. brassicae were quite satisfactory with regard to insect mortality and crop protection.相似文献