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1.
Kalliopi Georgiades Vicky Merhej Khalid El Karkouri Didier Raoult Pierre Pontarotti 《Biology direct》2011,6(1):6
Background
Genome degradation is an ongoing process in all members of the Rickettsiales order, which makes these bacterial species an excellent model for studying reductive evolution through interspecies variation in genome size and gene content. In this study, we evaluated the degree to which gene loss shaped the content of some Rickettsiales genomes. We shed light on the role played by horizontal gene transfers in the genome evolution of Rickettsiales. 相似文献2.
Characteristics of the microbial community in rhizosphere of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Camptotheca acuminata</Emphasis> cultured with exotic invasive plant <Emphasis Type="Italic">Eupatorium adenophorum</Emphasis> 下载免费PDF全文
Zu YuanGang Gao ChongYang Wang WenJie Yang FengJian Liu Ying Wang Min Zhao YangGuo 《中国科学C辑(英文版)》2007,50(1):22-30
The traditional culture-dependent plate counting and culture-independent small-subunit-ribosomal RNA gene-targeted molecular
techniques, Single-Strand Conformation Polymorphism (SSCP) and terminal Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (tRFLP) combined
with 16S rDNA clone library were adopted to investigate the impacts of secretion from Camptotheca acuminata (abbreviated to Ca) roots on the quantities and structure of eukaryotic microbes and bacteria in the rhizosphere, and the
possibility that Ca controls exotic invasive plant Eupatorium adenophorum (Ea). The counting results indicated that the number of bacteria increased in turn in rhizospheres of Ea, Ca-Ea mixed culture
and Ca, while that of eukaryotic microbes decreased. PCR-SSCP profiles showed eukaryotic microbial bands (corresponding to
biodiversity) in rhizosphere of Ea were more complex than those of Ca and CE. Meristolohmannia sp., Termitomyces sp. and Rhodophyllus sp. were the dominant populations in the rhizosphere of Ca. Bacterial terminal restriction fragments (TRFs) profiles showed
no difference among three kinds of rhizospheres, and the sequences of the 16S rDNA clone library from Ca rhizospheres were
distributed in 10 known phyla, in which phylum Proteobacteria were the absolute dominant group and accounted for 24.71% of
the cloned sequences (δ-Proteobacteria accounted for up to 17.65%), and phyla Acidobacteria and Bacteroidetes accounted for
16.47% and 10.59% of the cloned sequences, respectively. In addition, high performance liquid chromatography detected a trace
amount of camptothecin and hydroxycamptothecin in the rhizospheric soil of Ca and CE, but examined neither camptothecin nor
hydroxycamptothecin in rhizospheric soil of Ea. Therefore, invasion and diffusion of Ea evidently depended on distinguishing
the eukaryotic community structure, but not on that of the bacterial pattern. Ca was able to alter the eukaryotic community
structure of invasive Ea by secreting camptothecin and hydroxycamptothecin into rhizospheres, and may benefit the control
of overspread of Ea. This study provided theoretical evidence for rhizospheric microbial aspects on substituting Ca for Ea. 相似文献
3.
A stable and specific bacterial community was shown to be associated with the Mediterranean sponge Chondrilla nucula. The associated bacterial communities were demonstrated to be highly similar for all studied specimens regardless of sampling
time and geographical region. In addition, analysis of 16S rDNA clone libraries revealed three constantly C. nucula-associated bacterial phylotypes belonging to the Acidobacteria, the Gamma- and Deltaproteobacteria present in sponge specimens from two Mediterranean regions with distinct water masses (Ligurian Sea and Adriatic Sea). For
the first time, candidate division TM7 bacteria were found in marine sponges. A major part (79%) of the C. nucula-derived 16S rDNA sequences were closely related to other sponge-associated bacteria. Phylogenetic analysis identified 14
16S rRNA gene sequence clusters, seven of which consisted of exclusively sponge-derived sequences, whereas the other seven
clusters contained additional environmental sequences. This study adds to a growing database on the stability and variability
of microbial consortia associated with marine sponges. 相似文献
4.
Andreote FD Carneiro RT Salles JF Marcon J Labate CA Azevedo JL Araújo WL 《Microbial ecology》2009,57(1):82-93
The rhizosphere is an ecosystem exploited by a variety of organisms involved in plant health and environmental sustainability.
Abiotic factors influence microorganism–plant interactions, but the microbial community is also affected by expression of
heterologous genes from host plants. In the present work, we assessed the community shifts of Alphaproteobacteria phylogenetically
related to the Rhizobiales order (Rhizobiales-like community) in rhizoplane and rhizosphere soils of wild-type and transgenic
eucalyptus. A greenhouse experiment was performed and the bacterial communities associated with two wild-type (WT17 and WT18)
and four transgenic (TR-9, TR-15, TR-22, and TR-23) eucalyptus plant lines were evaluated. The culture-independent approach
consisted of the quantification, by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), of a targeted subset of Alphaproteobacteria
and the assessment of its diversity using PCR–denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and 16S rRNA gene clone libraries.
Real-time quantification revealed a lesser density of the targeted community in TR-9 and TR-15 plants and diversity analysis
by principal components analysis, based on PCR–DGGE, revealed differences between bacterial communities, not only between
transgenic and nontransgenic plants, but also among wild-type plants. The comparison between clone libraries obtained from
the transgenic plant TR-15 and wild-type WT17 revealed distinct bacterial communities associated with these plants. In addition,
a culturable approach was used to quantify the Methylobacterium spp. in the samples where the identification of isolates, based on 16S rRNA gene sequences, showed similarities to the species
Methylobacterium nodulans, Methylobacterium isbiliense, Methylobacterium variable, Methylobacterium fujisawaense, and Methylobacterium radiotolerans. Colonies classified into this genus were not isolated from the rhizosphere but brought in culture from rhizoplane samples,
except for one line of the transgenic plants (TR-15). In general, the data suggested that, in most cases, shifts in bacterial
communities due to cultivation of transgenic plants are similar to those observed when different wild-type cultivars are compared,
although shifts directly correlated to transgenic plant cultivation may be found. 相似文献
5.
A culture-independent nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique was used to investigate the diversity of actinobacteria
communities associated with the sponges Hymeniacidon perleve and Sponge sp. The phylogenetic affiliation of sponge-derived actinobacteria was then assessed by 16S rRNA sequencing of cloned DNA
fragments. A total of 196 positive clones were screened by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis; 48 unique
operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were selected for sequencing. Rarefaction analysis indicated that the clone libraries represented
93% and 94% of the total estimated diversity for the two species, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis of sequence data revealed
representatives of various phylogenetic divisions, which were related to the following ten actinobacterial genera: Acidimicrobium, Corynebacterium, Propionibacterium, Actinomyces, Micrococcus, Microbacterium, Streptomyces, Mycobacterium, Cellulosimicrobium, Sporichthya, and unidentified actinobacterial clones. A sponge-specific, previously uncultured actinobacteria community grouped within
the subclass Acidimicrobidae was discovered from both H. perleve and Sponge sp. Sequences belonging to Acidimicrobium in the H. perleve and the Sponge sp. clone libraries represented 33% and 24% of the clones, respectively. In the Sponge sp. clone library Mycobacterium dominated, accounting for 70% of all clones. The presence of Acidimicrobium and mycobacteria within two sponges can lay the groundwork for attempts to culture these interesting bacteria for industrial
applications. 相似文献
6.
Jeong-Il Oh Min-Ju Kim Ji-Young Lee In-Jeong Ko Wonduck Kim Si Wouk Kim 《Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering》2011,16(6):1124-1133
In this study, we analyzed a bacterial community closely associated with Cochlodinium polykrikoides that caused harmful algal blooming in the sea. Filtration using a plankton mesh and percoll gradient centrifugation were
performed to eliminate free-living bacteria. Attached bacteria were analyzed by culture-dependent and culture-independent
methods. Five culturable bacterial strains were isolated and identified from the C. polykrikoides mixed bacterial community. The isolates belonged to α-Proteobacteria (Nautella sp., Sagittula sp., and Thalassobius sp.) and γ-Proteobacteria (Alteromonas sp. and Pseudoalteromonas sp.). All of the 5 isolates showed algicidal activity against C. polykrikoides and produced extracellular compounds responsible for algicidal properties after entering the stationary phase. The algicidal
compounds produced by the 5 isolates were heat-stable and had molecular masses of less than 10,000 Da. Furthermore, the algicidal
compounds were relatively specific for C. polykrikoides in terms of their algicidal activities. Culture-independent analysis of the bacterial community in association with C. polykrikoides was performed using polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE). On the basis of the PCR-DGGE
profile, Sagittula sp. was identified as a dominant species in the bacterial community of C. polykrikoides. 相似文献
7.
Inger-Marie E. Vilcins Julie M. Old Elizabeth Deane 《Experimental & applied acarology》2009,49(3):229-242
Three Australian native animal species yielded 60 samples composed of three indigenous ticks. Hosts included twelve koalas,
two echidnas and one wombat from Victoria, and ticks were of the species Ixodes tasmani (n = 42), Bothriocroton concolor (n = 8) and B. auruginans (n = 10), respectively. PCR screening and sequencing detected a species of Coxiella, sharing closest sequence identity to C. burnetii (>98%), in all B. auruginans, as well as a species of Rickettsia, matching closest to R. massiliae, in 70% of the same samples. A genotype sharing closest similarity to Rickettsia bellii (>99%) was identified in three female B. concolor collected from one of the echidnas. Three samples of I. tasmani, taken from three koalas, yielded different genotypes of Rickettsiella. These results represent the first detection of the three genera in each tick species and identify a high level of previously
undetected bacterial diversity in Australian ticks. 相似文献
8.
Subha Narayan Das P. V. S. R. N. Sarma Chilukoti Neeraja Nampally Malati Appa Rao Podile 《World journal of microbiology & biotechnology》2010,26(10):1875-1881
Culturable chitinolytic bacterial diversity was studied in chitin-rich soils collected from two industries involved in chitin
production. A total of 27 chitinolytic isolates were isolated among which only 10 showed zone of clearance ≥4 mm on colloidal
chitin agar plate. Using morphological, biochemical and 16S rDNA analysis, isolates were identified as Bacillus, Paenibacillus, Stenotrophomonas and Pseudomonas. Molecular phylogenetic analysis revealed that Gammaproteobacteria and Bacilli were found to be the predominant classes in these chitin-enriched soils. Chitinolytic bacterial population densities were
significantly high and showed a rather simple community composition dominated by genus Bacillus and Stenotrophomonas (74%). This is the first report on assessing the chitinolytic bacterial diversity of soils from industries involved in chitin
production. 相似文献
9.
We here report the genomic organisation of the grey mouse lemur (Microcebus murinus) MHC class II DQ and DR region based on BAC clone analysis. The sequenced Mimu-MHC haplotype spans 343 kb and encompasses the genes TAP2, DOB, DQB, DQA, DRB, DRA, BTNL2 and a further BTNL gene. The DQ and DR genes of this haplotype are not duplicated. Mimu-DOB is not transcribed and represents a pseudogene due to deletions and premature stop codons. Analysis of BAC clone DNA, a cDNA
sample and eight genomic DNA samples suggests that Mimu-DRB, Mimu-DQA and Mimu-DQB are highly polymorphic with the majority of peptide-binding residues being affected by polymorphisms. In contrast, Mimu-DRA is moderately polymorphic, and the variable amino acid positions are not part of the peptide-binding region. Phylogenetic
analysis of Mimu-DQA and Mimu-DQB and other primate DQA and DQB genes indicates that duplication of DQA and DQB loci occurred in Anthropoidea after the split from Strepsirrhini. 相似文献
10.
Qihui Teng Bo Sun Xinrui Fu Shunpeng Li Zhongli Cui Hui Cao 《Journal of microbiology (Seoul, Korea)》2009,47(2):135-141
In order to understand the community structure of diazotrophs in red soil and effects of organic manure Application on the
structure, four nifH gene libraries were constructed: the control (CK), low manure (LM), High manure (HM), and high manure adding lime (ML). Totally
150 nifH gene clones were screened and grouped into 21 clusters by RFLP analysis. Existence of dominant patterns was observed in all
libraries, which counted for over 96% of clones in library HM and about 56∼72% in other three libraries. The nifH sequences of the dominant patterns in all libraries were most similar to sequences of the cyanobacteria. nifH genes showed high diversity in red soil, dispersing throughout the nifH clades (alpha-, beta-, and gamma-Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, cyanobacteria, Verrucomicrobia, and posited group). Bradyrhizobium and Burkholderia were also important diaxotrophs in low fertility soil samples. Low manure treatment increased the Diversity of nifH genes compared with CK and high manure treatments. Manure and lime treatment led to obvious community succession. Total N
to available P ratio, total carbon, and K concentrations were the main factors affecting the diversity of diazotrophs in red
soil. 相似文献
11.
Satoshi Shimada Naoko Yokoyama Shogo Arai Masanori Hiraoka 《Journal of applied phycology》2008,20(5):979-989
The nuclear-encoded ITS and associated 5.8S rDNA regions were sequenced for 72 specimens of Ulva collected from 44 rivers across Japan, including U. prolifera Müller from the Shimanto River, Kochi Prefecture, as well as 26 samples originally identified as U. linza L. from 20 coastal marine areas. Sequence data revealed that the samples fall into six distinct clades: the U. flexuosa Wulfen clade (2 samples), the Ulva linza-procera-prolifera (LPP) complex clade (75 samples), Ulva sp. 1 clade (3 samples), Ulva sp. 2 clade (7 samples), Ulva sp. 3 clade (4 samples) and Ulva sp. 4 clade (7 samples). The LPP complex contained a mixture of 26 samples collected from seashores and 49 samples obtained
from rivers, including U. prolifera from the Shimanto River, and GenBank data for U. linza and U. procera Ahlner. The samples of the LPP complex differed by only 0–7 substitutions (0–1.149%). Subsequent phylogeographic analyses
of the LPP complex based on the 5S rDNA spacer region revealed the presence of two further groupings: a group including 22
strictly marine littoral U. linza samples and a U. prolifera group composed of a mixture of 4 marine samples and all 49 river samples. The monophyly of all river samples indicates that
adaptation to low salinity might have occurred only once in the evolutionary history of the LPP complex. 相似文献
12.
Christian Schuett Hilke Doepke Annette Grathoff Michael Gedde 《Helgoland Marine Research》2007,61(3):211-216
This paper provides first information on organ-like bacterial aggregates in the tentacles of the sea anemone Metridium senile. The specimens were collected from waters near Helgoland (German Bight, North Sea) and the Orkney Islands. Tentacles were
prepared for morphological inspection by light and scanning electron microscopy as well as for the phylogenetic analysis of
endocytic bacteria. Bacterial aggregates are located in caverns of the tentacles’ epidermis. The aggregates are enwrapped
in thin envelopes, which contain coccoid and/or rod-shaped tightly packed bacteria of different division states. Most of the
bacterial cells are connected by fine filamentous structures. The phylogenetic determination is based on the sequence data
of the 16S rDNA derived from tentacle material. Sequence analysis revealed three different subgroups of intratentacular proteobacteria.
The dominant band, detected in all of the samples tested, showed a close relationship (98%) to a gram-negative Endozoicimonas elysicola. Two bands, only detected in tentacles of M. senile from Helgoland were assigned to Pseudomonas saccherophilia (99%), a knallgas bacterium, and to Ralstonia pickettii (100%). The bacteria represent a specific bacterial community. Their DGGE profiles do not correspond to the profiles of the
planktonic bacteria generated from seawater close to the habitats of the anemones. The allocation of DNA sequences to the
different morphotypes, their isolation, culturing and the elucidation of the physiological functions of intratentacular bacteria
are in progress. 相似文献
13.
Young Tae Kim Kang Seon Lee Moon Jung Kim Seung Bum Kim 《Journal of microbiology (Seoul, Korea)》2009,47(1):33-39
The effects of Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis) carrying cry1AC derived from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) on leaf bacterial community were examined by analyzing the horizontal transfer of trans-gene fragments from plants to
bacteria. The effect of plant pathogenic bacteria on the gene transfer was also examined using Pseudomonas syringae pathovar. maculicola. The frequency of hygromycin-resistant bacteria did not alter in Bt leaves, though slight increase was observed in Pseudomonas-infected Bt leaves with no statistical significance. The analysis of bacterial community profiles using the denaturing gradient
gel electrophoresis (DGGE) fingerprinting indicated that there were slight differences between Bt and control Chinese cabbage,
and also that infected tissues were dominated by P. syringae pv. maculicola. However, the cultured bacterial pools were not found to contain any transgene fragments. Thus, no direct evidence of immediate
gene transfer from plant to bacteria or acquisition of hygromycin resistance could be observed. Still, long-term monitoring
on the possibility of gene transfer is necessary to correctly assess the environmental effects of the Bt crop on bacteria. 相似文献
14.
Endophytic fungi are rich in orchids and have great impacts on their host plants. 53 endophytes (30 isolates from Dendrobium devonianum and 23 endophytic fungi from D. thyrsiflorum) were isolated, respectively, from roots and stems of Dendrobium species. All the fungi were identified by way of morphological and/or molecular biological methods. 30 endophytic fungi in
D. devonianum were categorized into 11 taxa and 23 fungal endophytes in D. thyrsiflorum were grouped into 11 genera, respectively. Fusarium was the dominant species of the two Dendrobium species in common. Antimicrobial activity of ethanol extract of fermentation broth of these fungi was explored using agar
diffusion test. 10 endophytic fungi in D. devonianum and 11 in D. thyrsiflorum exhibited antimicrobial activity against at least one pathogenic bacterium or fungus among 6 pathogenic microbes (Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans, Cryptococcus neoformans, and Aspergillus fumigatus). Out of the fungal endophytes isolated from D. devonianum and D. thyrsiflorum, Phoma displayed strong inhibitory activity (inhibition zones in diameter >20 mm) against pathogens. Epicoccum nigrum from D. thyrsiflorum exhibited antibacterial activity even stronger than ampicillin sodium. Fusarium isolated from the two Dendrobium species was effective against the pathogenic bacterial as well as fungal pathogens. The study reinforced the assumption that
endophytic fungi isolated from different Dendrobium species could be of potential antibacterial or antifungal resource. 相似文献
15.
Imed Sbissi Mohamed Neffati Abdellatif Boudabous Claude Murat Maher Gtari 《Antonie van Leeuwenhoek》2010,98(4):429-436
The molecular phylogeny and comparative morphological studies reported here provide evidence for the recognition of the genus
Picoa, an hypogeous desert truffle, in the family Pyronemataceae (Ascomycota, Pezizales). Picoa juniperi and Picoa lefebvrei were reassigned to the genus Picoa based on large subunit (LSU) sequence (28S) rDNA and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) rDNA (including the partial 18S, ITS1,
ITS2, 5.8S gene, and partial 28S of the nuclear rDNA) data. Morphological studies of spores, asci, perida, and gleba revealed
high similarities between P. lefebvrei and P. juniperi, thereby confirming the membership of both species in the genus Picoa. These two species were primarily distinguishable based on ascospore ornamentation. 相似文献
16.
Dynamics of microcystin-degrading bacteria in mucilage of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Microcystis</Emphasis> 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
To reveal the process of degradation of hepatotoxic microcystin produced in Microcystis cells during the Microcystis bloom period, we used fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) to analyze the population dynamics of microcystin-degrading bacteria in Microcystis mucilage. We designed and applied an oligonucleotide probe targeted to the 16S rRNA sequence of strain Y2 of a microcystin-degrading bacterium (MCD-bacterium), which was isolated from Lake Suwa, Japan. In both the 1998 and 1999 tests, FISH clearly showed that MCD-bacteria existed in the mucilage and that, when a high concentration of cell-bound microcystin was detected, MCD-bacteria exceeded 10% of the sum of bacteria hybridized with group-specific probes. The concentration of MCD-bacteria was highest in summer 1998, when a toxic species, M. viridis, was dominant. There was a high correlation between the number of MCD-bacteria in the mucilage and the concentration of cell-bound microcystin in the lake. Our results suggest that MCD-bacteria responded to changes in the concentration of microcystin and degraded the microcystin when it was released from Microcystis cells. We also analyzed changes in the bacterial community structure associated with the Microcystis colonies by using domain- and group-specific oligonucleotide probes. Changes in the concentrations of the Cytophaga/Flavobacterium group and -Proteobacteria, which can degrade macromolecules derived from Microcystis cells, were synchronized with changes in the concentration of Microcystis. The results not only suggest the significant role of MCD-bacteria in detoxification, but also demonstrate a possible sequence of degradation from Microcystis cells to microcystin maintained in the cell, which is then carried out by bacterial consortia in the mucilage. 相似文献
17.
The presence of the anaerobic spore former Clostridium in Arthrospira platensis destined for human consumption is generally not assessed during quality assurance procedures. As this nutraceutical is administered
as complementary medicine to the immunocompromised, this study aimed to investigate the presence of these potential pathogens.
Anaerobic counts performed on tablets from a single manufacturer indicated an excess of 105 CFU/endospores g−1 tablet for three different A. platensis batches. Tests for coliforms for use as “indicators” of pathogens in the tablets were negative. Using classic culture techniques,
five species of Clostridium were isolated. Subsequent use of PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) fingerprinting of tablets showed a divergent
microbial population, with a predominance of anaerobic endospore formers, including Clostridium. Sequencing of a 1.5 kb 16S rDNA clone library and phylogenetic analyses of prominent operational taxonomic units confirmed
the presence of an additional five Clostridium spp. and other genera in the tablets. A composite molecular ladder, using 16S rRNA DGGE amplicons of 17 representative bacterial
species was constructed to assist in identifying anaerobes present in tablets sourced from three different A. platensis manufacturers. Results indicated that commercial A. platensis preparations were contaminated with potentially hazardous clostridia and other anaerobic species. Results suggest that certain
commercial A. platensis preparations require stringent microbial quality assurance measures to ensure safe use as a nutraceutical for the immunocompromised
and the general public. 相似文献
18.
Karolina Vrandecic Drazenka Jurkovic Luca Riccioni Jasenka Cosic Tomislav Duvnjak 《Mycopathologia》2010,170(1):51-60
Sunflower (Helianthus annuus) stem canker caused by Diaporthe helianthi is one of the most important sunflower diseases in Croatia. Until recently, sunflower was the only known host for D. helianthi. In our research carried out in the area of Eastern Croatia, isolates of Diaporthe/Phomospis were collected from Xanthium italicum, X. strumarium and Arctium lappa. Using morphological, cultural and molecular ITS rDNA data, isolates from these weeds were identified as D. helianthi. The following isolates were used in the pathogenicity test: one isolate originated from sunflower (Su5/04), three from X. italicum (Xa2, Xa3 and Xa5), two from X. strumarium (Xa9 and Xa12), one from Xanthium sp. (Xa13) and one from A. lappa (Ar3). According to the results, it was determined that isolate Xa5 (originated from X. italicum) was the most pathogenic to sunflower stems. The average length of the lesion was 11.3 cm. The lowest level of pathogenicity
was found in Xa9 (isolated from X. strumarium). The length of the lesion was 0.1 cm. 相似文献
19.
Genome predictions based on selected genes would be a very welcome approach for taxonomic studies. We analyzed three genes,
recN, flaA, and ftsY, for determining if these genes are useful tools for systematic analyses in the genus Anoxybacillus. The genes encoding a DNA repair and genetic recombination protein (recN), the flagellin protein (flaA), and GTPase signal docking protein (ftsY) were sequenced for ten Anoxybacillus species. The sequence comparisons revealed that recN sequence similarities range between 61% and 99% in the genus Anoxybacillus. Comparisons to other bacterial recN genes indicated that levels of similarity did not differ from the levels within genus Anoxybacillus. These data showed that recN is not a useful marker for the genus Anoxybacillus. A 550–600-bp region of the flagellin gene was amplified for all Anoxybacillus strains except for Anoxybacillus contaminans. The sequence similarity of flaA gene varies between 61% and 76%. Comparisons to other bacterial flagellin genes obtained from GenBank (Bacillus, Pectinatus, Proteus, and Vibrio) indicated that the levels of similarity were lower (3–42%). Based on these data, we concluded that the variability in this
single gene makes it a particularly useful marker. Another housekeeping gene ftsY suggested to reflect the G+C (mol/mol) content of whole genome was analyzed for Anoxybacillus strains. A mean difference of 1.4% was observed between the G+C content of the gene ftsY and the G+C content of the whole genome. These results showed that the gene ftsY can be used to represent whole G+C content of the Anoxybacillus species. 相似文献
20.
Yendi E. Navarro-Noya Janet Jan-Roblero Maria del Carmen González-Chávez Regina Hernández-Gama César Hernández-Rodríguez 《Antonie van Leeuwenhoek》2010,97(4):335-349
In this study, the bacterial communities associated with the rhizospheres of pioneer plants Bahia xylopoda and Viguiera linearis were explored. These plants grow on silver mine tailings with high concentration of heavy metals in Zacatecas, Mexico. Metagenomic DNAs
from rhizosphere and bulk soil were extracted to perform a denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis (DGGE) and to
construct 16S rRNA gene libraries. A moderate bacterial diversity and twelve major phylogenetic groups including Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Gemmatimonadetes, Chloroflexi, Firmicutes, Verrucomicrobia, Nitrospirae and Actinobacteria phyla, and divisions TM7, OP10 and OD1 were recognized in the rhizospheres. Only 25.5% from the phylotypes were common in the rhizosphere
libraries and the most abundant groups were members of the phyla Acidobacteria and Betaproteobacteria (Thiobacillus spp., Nitrosomonadaceae). The most abundant groups in bulk soil library were Acidobacteria and Actinobacteria, and no common phylotypes were shared with the rhizosphere libraries. Many of the clones detected were related with chemolithotrophic
and sulfur-oxidizing bacteria, characteristic of an environment with a high concentration of heavy metal-sulfur complexes,
and lacking carbon and organic energy sources. 相似文献