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1.
Five species of the genus Lophiotrema are reported in this article. Of these, Lophiotrema vitigenum is described and illustrated as a new species. Three species, L. nucula, L. neohysterioides, and L. vagabundum, are newly added to the Japanease mycoflora. Lophiosphaera orientalis, Nodulosphaeria araucariae, and N. rosae, which had been recorded in Japan, are treated as synonyms of Lophiotrema fuckelii. A key to the species of Lophiotrema in Japan is given.
Received: October 9, 2002 / Accepted: January 20, 2003
Acknowledgments We are grateful to Drs. Shuhei Tanaka (curator of YAM) and Ken Katumoto for the loan of fungal material.
Correspondence to:K. Tanaka 相似文献
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A Scleroderma species collected on sandy soil under trees of Lithocarpus edulis in Saitama Prefecture, central Japan, is identified as Scleroderma laeve, a new record for Japan. Macroscopic and microscopic features are given.
Received: May 24, 2002 / Accepted: September 9, 2002
Acknowledgments We thank Ms. Ryoko Onuma, who offered some useful literature on Scleroderma. We are also grateful to Dr. Toshimitsu Fukiharu (Natural History Museum and Institute, Chiba) for his help with preserving
the specimens. For collecting specimens, we are grateful to Ms. Ayano Kimura, Mr. Tomoya Matsuyama, and Mr. Takahiro Uchida.
Correspondence to:T. Kasuya 相似文献
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Twelve species of the genus Massarina collected from Japan are reported in this article. Among them, 4 new species, M. constricta, M. japonica, M. submediana, and M. uniserialis, are described, illustrated, and compared to similar species. Two species, M. scirpina and M. ryukyuensis, are described as new combination, and 4 species, M. arundinariae, M. fluviatilis, M. peerallyi, and M. rubi, are reported from Japan for the first time. One bambusicolous species, Metasphaeria tuberculosa, is considered to be a synonym of Massarina bambusina.
Received: December 13, 2002 / Accepted: February 6, 2003
Acknowledgments We are grateful to Dr. Shuhei Tanaka, curator of YAM (Yamaguchi University), for the loan of specimens for this study. 相似文献
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Woody substrates were collected from the Koito River in Japan, and the biodiversity of fungi on these substrates was investigated.
Twenty-eight species were identified, comprising 12 ascomycete and 16 anamorphic taxa. The common fungi included Chaetosphaeria sp., Ophioceras commune, Pseudohalonectria lignicola, and Savoryella lignicola. The occurrence of fungi on submerged wood is discussed, and three interesting taxa – Pseudohalonectria lignicola, Bactrodesmium arnaudii, and B. pallidum – are described and illustrated.
Received: August 19, 2002 / Accepted: November 25, 2002
Acknowledgments We are grateful to the financial support of the Special Coordination Fund for Promoting Science and Technology from the Ministry
of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan. Profs. K. Nishimura and M. Miyaji are thanked for scientific
invitation and assistance in Chiba, Japan. Dr. Norio Hayashi from the Natural History Museum and Institute, Chiba, is thanked
for providing physicochemical data for the Koito River. Y.M. Leung and M.H. Ng are thanked for technical assistance.
Correspondence to:C.K.M. Tsui 相似文献
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Two Exobasidium species causing Exobasidium leaf blister on Rhododendron spp. are described. An Exobasidium leaf blister on Rhododendron yedoense var. yedoense f. yedoense has been recognized in Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan, since the first report was issued in 1950. The causal fungus is identified
with Exobasidium dubium from the morphology of its hymenial structure and mode of germination of the basidiospores. Another Exobasidium leaf blister
on Rhododendron dauricum has been observed in Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan. In comparison with morphology based on hymenial structure and mode of germination
of the basidiospores of the 100 validly described taxa, this fungus differs from those known taxa in the size of basidia and
basidiospores, the numbers of sterigmata and septa of basidiospores, and the mode of germination of basidiospores. Thus, a
new species, Exobasidium miyabei, is established and illustrated.
Received: February 13, 2002 / Accepted: September 25, 2002
Present address: National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Tsukuba 305-8602, Japan
Acknowledgments We profoundly appreciate the cooperation of Dr. V. Melnik in providing Russian papers and Dr. L. Vasilyeva for translating
them into English. We thank Prof. H. Takahashi for loaning the materials in the Herbarium of the Hokkaido University Museum
and Dr. W. Abe, Graduate School of Science, University of Hokkaido, for his kind help with the sampling of R. dauricum in Teshikaga, Hokkaido Prefecture. This study was supported in part by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B) (No. 13460019),
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS).
Contribution No. 171, Laboratory of Plant Parasitic Mycology, Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Tsukuba.
Correspondence to:M. Kakishima 相似文献
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A new species of Erysiphe sect. Uncinula is described and illustrated from Patagonia, Argentina. Erysiphe patagoniaca sp. nov., found on leaves of Nothofagus × antarctica, is similar to E. nothofagi and E. kenjiana, but differs in its appendages being twisted throughout their length and the number of appendages, asci, and ascospores.
The two endemic species of Erysiphe sect. Uncinula, E. magellanica and E. nothofagi, coexisted on the same leaves together with Erysiphe patagoniaca.
Received: September 19, 2002 / Accepted: November 28, 2002
Acknowledgments The authors are grateful to Ms. Seiko Niinomi for providing the micrographs of ascomata of Erysiphe spp. on Nothofagus.
Correspondence to:S. Takamatsu 相似文献
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Umbelopsis gibberispora is described as a new species in the genus Umbelopsis, Umbelopsidaceae, Mucorales. The species differs from others in this genus by ellipsoidal sporangiospores with unilaterally
thickened walls. Phylogenetic analyses based on nuclear large subunit ribosomal DNA (nLSU rDNA) partial sequences suggest
that U. gibberispora, U. swartii, and U. westeae form a clade together with the strains of Umbelopsis ramanniana. The ex-type strain of Micromucor ramannianus var. angulisporus is found to be very close to Umbelopsis vinacea, whereas other isolates identified under the former name in the sense of Linnemann fall in the U. ramanniana subclade. For these isolates, a new species, Umbelopsis angularis, is introduced. Phylogenetic relationships among Umbelopsis species are discussed related to their attributes of the sporangial wall and mature spore shapes.
Received: August 27, 2002 / Accepted: March 11, 2003
Acknowledgments We thank Dr. Takashi Ohsono, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Japan, for providing the strain of U. gibberispora (CBS 109328). We also thank Dr. Wieland Meyer, University of Sydney, Australia for access to the phylogenetic tree based
on ITS sequence data before publishing, and Dr. Richard C. Summerbell, Centraalbureau von Schimmelcultures, the Netherlands,
for linguistic corrections. 相似文献
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The echinorhynchid acanthocephalan Acanthocephalus sp. was collected and described from four species of fishes (rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss, Sakhalin huchen Hucho perryi, Japanese pond smelt Hypomesus nipponensis, and threespine stickleback Gasterosteus aculeatus) from a lake system, the Tsugaru-Jūniko Lakes, in Aomori Prefecture, northern Japan. In rainbow trout, the prevalence and
intensity of infection markedly differed between lakes, and the fish were most frequently and most heavily infected in the
lakes with a dense population of the isopod intermediate host Asellus hilgendorfi. In isopods, the prevalence of acanthocephalan larvae increased in the late winter and reached its highest level in March
or April. In rainbow trout, male worms were abundant from winter to spring, and female worms were immature during these seasons.
Gravid females were abundant in summer and autumn. These findings indicate that Acanthocephalus sp. is an annual species and its recruitment from the intermediate host to the fish occurs mainly in winter and spring.
Received: January 9, 2002 / Accepted: April 18, 2002
Acknowledgments We thank Professor Shōichi Saito, Faculty of Education, Hirosaki University, for his encouragement during this study. Thanks
are also due to many students of the Nature Study Laboratory, Faculty of Education, Hirosaki University, for their assistance
in the field. We are greatly indebted to the Iwasaki Village Office and Fukaura Forestry Office for giving us permission for
the survey.
Correspondence to:A. Ohtaka 相似文献
14.
To identify a basidiomycetous fungus isolated from butt rot of Chamaecyparis obtusa, Japanese cypress, its cultural features were examined, and sequences of its nuclear ribosomal 18S and ITS1–5.8S–ITS2 regions
were analyzed. In culture, this fungus is characterized by the occurrence of chlamydospores, blastoconidium-like cells, and
clavate-to-spathulate hyphal ends at the tips of aerial hyphae, and production of a small basidioma on the mycelial mat after
3 months of incubation. The morphological features of the basidioma are identical to those of Phlebia brevispora. Furthermore, molecular data of the sequences of these strains and P. brevispora showed a high level of similarity. These results appear to justify determining the present fungus as P. brevispora. This is the first report of this species for Japan and outside of southeastern USA.
Received: March 11, 2002 / Accepted: September 20, 2002
Acknowledgments We thank Dr. Karen K. Nakasone, Center for Forest Mycology Research, Forest Products Laboratory, USDA Forest Service, for
providing the fungal strains used in this study.
Correspondence to:R. Kondo 相似文献
15.
Summary. The paper describes two methods of the synthesis of ethyl (3R,4S)- and (3S,4S)-4-[(benzyloxycarbonyl)amino]-5-[(tert-butyloxycarbonyl)amino]-3-hydroxypentanoates, useful for the syntheses of edeine analogs. Differently N-protected (S)-2,3-diaminopropanoic acid was used as a substrate in both procedures. The absolute configuration of newly generated asymmetric
carbon atoms C-3 in β-hydroxy-γ,δ-diamino products was assigned by means of 1H NMR spectroscopy after their transformation into corresponding piperidin-2-ones.
Received May 24, 2002 Accepted October 10, 2002 Published online December 18, 2002
Acknowledgment The authors are indebted to the Faculty of Chemistry, Technical University of Gdańsk for financial support.
Authors' address: Zbigniew Czajgucki, M. Sc., Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Technical University
of Gdańsk, 11/12 Narutowicza St., 80-952 Gdańsk, Poland, Fax +48 58 347 11 44, E-mail: zmczaj@wp.pl 相似文献
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We studied the correlation between pathogenicity and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) type, which was determined
by polymerase chain reaction-based RFLP analysis of the internal transcribed spacer regions of ribosomal DNA, in the willow
leaf rust fungi Melampsora epitea and M. humilis. Eighteen clones of eight Salix species were inoculated with urediniospores from seven collections of the two rust species. M. epitea and M. humilis (RFLP type-5 collections) were pathogenic to six to eight Salix species. RFLP type-7 collections of M. epitea were pathogenic to only two Salix species. The taxonomic relationships of the two rust species are discussed.
Received: December 11, 2002 / Accepted: February 17, 2003
RID="*"
ID="*" Contribution no. 179, Laboratory of Plant Parasitic Mycology, Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, University of
Tsukuba, Japan
Acknowledgments We thank K. Katsuya, former professor at the University of Tsukuba, for his encouragement in this study. We are also grateful
to M. Yashima, Botanical Garden, University of Tohoku, for his assistance in collecting materials and to R. Suzuki, University
of Tsukuba, for providing a rust isolate. 相似文献
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Isopods Asellus hilgendorfi were collected from a small lake in northern Japan and examined to determine whether their body size and reproduction were
affected by infection with larval acanthocephalans (Acanthocephalus sp.). Seasonal changes in the breeding ratio of isopods and the prevalence of larval acanthocephalan infection showed a reverse
trend. Acanthocephalan larvae occurred mainly in males and immature females and were rarely found in mature females. In late
immature females, the body size, as indicated by the width of the pleotelson, of infected isopods was significantly larger
than that of uninfected ones. These results suggest that acanthocephalans can prevent female isopods from attaining sexual
maturity and increasing their body size.
Received: January 9, 2002 / Accepted: December 16, 2002
Acknowledgments We thank Professor Shōichi Saito, Faculty of Education, Hirosaki University, for his encouragement of the present study.
Thanks are also due to the Iwasaki Village Office and the Fukaura Forestry Office for giving us permission for the survey.
Correspondence to:A. Ohtaka 相似文献
20.
The diversity of ericoid mycorrhizal fungi of Rhododendron obtusum var. kaempferi was examined in a stand of Pinus densiflora at Tsukuba, Japan. In total, 153 slow-growing fungal isolates were obtained from roots of R. obtusum var. kaempferi, in which 113 isolates formed an ericoid mycorrhizal structure in vitro. Among them, 53 isolates were morphologically identified
as Oidiodendron maius, but the others were not identified due to their sterilities. PCR-RFLP analysis in the rDNA-ITS region divided them into
four different RFLP types. Phylogenetic analysis from sequence data of the region suggested that the four RFLP types belonging
to distinct taxa and one sterile type are considered to be Hymenoscyphus ericae. This study is the first report of ericoid mycorrhizal fungi in a natural habitat in Japan.
Received: August 23, 2002 / Accepted: December 11, 2002
Acknowledgments We thank Dr. K. Narisawa, Plant Biotechnology Institute, Ibaraki Agricultural Center, and Dr. R.S. Currah, Department of
Biological Science, University of Alberta, for their helpful advice.
Contribution no. 176, Laboratory of Plant Parasitic Mycology, Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Tsukuba,
Japan
Correspondence to:M. Kakishima 相似文献