火箭电泳法进行人用狂犬病疫苗抗原的检测

应用火箭电泳法(RIE)建立并优化了人用狂犬病疫苗抗原的检测方法。以传统的动物NIH法对电泳结果进行验证,实验结果显示该方法特异、重复性好、简便易行,与NIH法有较好的相关性。适用于人用狂犬病疫苗中间品抗原的检测,对人用狂犬病疫苗的生产及质量控制有重要意义。     

苏芸金杆菌五个菌株的晶体蛋白研究

六十年代以来,国外在利用电泳方法研究苏芸金杆菌(Bacillus thuringiensis)不同菌株的致病机理方面,做了许多工作。Lecadet曾用含尿素的凝胶电泳和纸电泳研究了血清型Ⅰ的B.t.芽孢和晶体。Somerville等以Alesti为材料,用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳进行研究。Cooksey以Galleriae、Sotto、Morris、Tolworthi为材料,用圆盘电泳法研究了提取毒蛋白(芽孢、晶体混合物)、晶体蛋白毒素和晶体蛋白溶解物。Glation以B.T.Berliner为材料,用Davis与SDS电泳法进行研究。本文主要报道了用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶圆盘电泳研究的苏芸金杆菌不同菌株晶体蛋白的图谱。     

巴西固氮螺菌巨大质粒的快速检测法

研究了巴西固氮螺菌(Rzosprrrllum brarrlense)巨大质粒的快速检测方法。由于巨大质粒(>1000Md)在提取过程中易于断裂,故用常规的方法不易得到满意的结果。本实验以较温和的Husch原位裂解法为基础,作了相应的改进,在电泳前采用0.05%SDS预洗及冻融处理,电泳时,先反向电泳”分钟,然后再正向电泳。所得结果重现率高,且方法简便易行。     

利用醇溶蛋白和同工酶鉴别小麦亲本三系及杂种种子的研究

用改良的酸性电泳方法对L型杂种小麦及亲本三系的种子醇溶蛋白进行了研究,结果表明,用醇溶蛋白的酸性电泳可鉴别出杂种与父本及常规种之间的差异,而不能鉴别出不育系及相应保持系之间的明显差异。用酯酶,过氧化物酶,ATP酶的同工酶对供试材料幼苗做进一步检测,发现只有ATP酶同工酶能将L型不育系及相应保持系鉴别出来,单用同工酶法或醇溶蛋白电泳法都不能将L型杂种及亲本三系完全区分开。     

两种制备感染细胞DNA的内切酶图谱法用于单纯疱疹病毒分型的研究

用³²P标记单纯疱疹病毒Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型感染Vero细胞,抽提病毒DNA,然后以核酸内切酶BamHI酶切,电泳结果2个型别的病毒DNA的电泳图谱均不相同。用非同位素标记的疱疹病毒感染细胞DNA酶切,电泳与³²P-标记的病毒DNA图谱相比较,显示相同的结果。实验表明简单受染细胞DNA进行核酸酶切及电泳可用来进行疱疹病毒的分型。实验说明选择核酸内切酶进行酶切有重要的影响。     

超氧化物歧化酶活性中心中铜离子的氧化还原研究

用电子顺磁共振EPR技术研究铜锌超氧化物歧化酶(Cu·Zn-SOD)与底物(O_2~(·-)反应达到平衡态时铜离子的EPR波谱表明,在平衡态时的铜离子处于还原态。用还原剂H_2O_2、NaBH_4处理Cu·Zn-SOD后,酶活力变化不同,电泳行为也不同。用NaBH_4处理SOD其活性及电泳行为接近天然酶,但经H_2O_2还原后的酶活性损失严重,电泳后出现多条色带。     

电泳后凝胶中DNA的回收方法

本文根据文献和笔者近年来的研究工作,分述电泳后凝胶中核酸的洗脱、回收方法及其优缺点,以供从事这方面工作的同行参考。一、电泳回收法(一)柱状电泳洗脱法1.从聚丙烯酰胺凝胶中洗脱:Allet等于1973年报告以内切酶RI切割λDNA,用梯度     

自动化激光散射外差电泳术

在经典电泳法中,电泳技术分成大分子电泳及显微(细胞)电泳两大类,实验装置及观察方法都有区别。而自动化激光外差电泳术却可用同一装置完成上述两类测量,除能同时测量扩散系数外,还可能完成反应动力学方面的测量。自动化激光散射外差电泳术是由激光散射外差探测术及电泳术组合而成的。70年代初期Ware及Uzgiris以略为不同的方法独立发表了实验及理论研究。按经典分类法,Ware是从大分子电泳开始,而Uzgiris则是从显微电泳开始,并已用于蛋白质、胶体、细胞学及免疫学研究。最近,Malher等报告了结构略为不同的类似装置。     

我国不同地区东亚钳蝎(Buthus martensii Karsch)毒在三种类型电泳中的比较研究

用SDS—不连续聚丙烯酰胺凝胶板电泳、pH4.5—不连续聚丙烯酰胺凝胶板电泳和聚丙烯酰胺凝胶圆盘等电聚焦电泳,分离我国不同地区东亚钳蝎毒。其图谱表明:不同产地的东亚钳蝎毒蛋白的种类及含量存在一定的差异,地区相近,差异较小,反之亦然。     

山黧豆叶片蛋白质双向电泳技术的建立

以山黧豆叶片为材料,比较分析了蛋白质的不同提取方法,在此基础上着重于样品制备。对IPG胶条的选择,第一向等电聚焦和第二向SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳的电泳程序及参数、染色方法等相关技术进行了比较和条件优化。结果显示：采用TCA-丙酮沉淀法提取蛋白质,裂解液中加入Tris-base作为蛋白酶抑制剂,等电聚焦电泳时延长低电压的电泳时间（30V、12h,500V、1h,1000V、2h）以促进盐离子泳出的方法对山黧豆叶片蛋白质进行双向电泳,并用考马斯亮蓝和银染复合染色法进行凝胶染色,能够获得蛋白点清晰的双向电泳图谱,说明用优化后的方法建立起的山黧豆叶片蛋白质双向电泳技术,蛋白质样品制备质量好,电泳分辨率高,完全适合于进一步的蛋白质组学研究。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.