一个中国遗传性血色病家系致病基因的突变分析

遗传性血色病(Hereditary hemochromatosis,HHC)是一种罕见的常染色体隐性遗传病。本课题组招募了一个HHC的近亲婚配家系,包括一名患HHC的先证者以及同一代的4名不患HHC的成员。通过对该HHC先证者进行全外显子组测序,在目前已知的与遗传性血色病相关的5个基因(HAMP、HJV、TFR2、FPN和HFE)中,发现在铁调素调节蛋白(Hemojuvelin,HJV)的编码基因HJV上存在两个纯合突变(c.G18C和c.GC962_963AA)。其中,前者能够引起HJV蛋白发生p.Q6H的改变,但该突变的危害性较小,可能与血色病的发病无关;后者能够引起HJV蛋白发生p.C321X的改变,从而翻译出缺失糖基磷脂肌醇锚定结构域的截短型HJV蛋白。除了HJV基因上的纯合突变外,该先证者还携带了其他12个纯合突变,但这些突变的危害性均不强且其所在基因的功能与铁代谢无关。本实验室内部测序数据显示,在一般中国人群中不存在p.C321X突变,提示HJV基因上的p.C321X纯合突变可能是该HHC患者的致病性突变。与此相一致的是,4名不患HHC的家系成员中该位点为野生型纯合子或杂合子,均非p.C321X纯合子。文章首次报道了HJV p.C321X纯合突变可导致HHC,该结果将有助于遗传性血色病的基因诊断和产前咨询。     

A Novel Missense SNRNP200 Mutation Associated with Autosomal Dominant Retinitis Pigmentosa in a Chinese Family

The SNRNP200 gene encodes hBrr2, a helicase essential for pre-mRNA splicing. Six mutations in SNRNP200 have recently been discovered to be associated with autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa (adRP). In this work, we analyzed a Chinese family with adRP and identified a novel missense mutation in SNRNP200. To identify the genetic defect in this family, exome of the proband was captured and sequencing analysis was performed to exclude known genetic defects and find possible pathogenic mutations. Subsequently, candidate mutations were validated in affected family members using Sanger sequencing. A novel missense mutation, c.2653C>G transition (p.Q885E), in exon 20 of SNRNP200 was identified. The mutation co-segregated with the disease phenotype over four generations and was absent in 100 normal unaffected individuals. This mutation occurs at highly conserved position in hBrr2 and is predicted to have a functional impact, suggesting that hBrr2-dependent small nuclear riboproteins (snRNPs) unwinding and spliceosome activation is important in the pathogenesis of some variants of RP.