内蒙古阿拉善左旗克克阿木中渐新世早期哺乳动物化石的发现

本文简要报道了在内蒙古阿左旗克克阿木地点发现的哺乳动物化石,计4目10科11属12种.动物群的时代可能为中渐新世早期.     

步林在甘肃党河流域塔奔布鲁克地区的早期工作记录——经典脊椎动物化石地点与现代地层框架的解译

1931-1932年博格·步林在甘肃省西部塔奔布鲁克地区(又名党河地区,位于肃北县城西南)首次发现丰富的新生代哺乳动物化石。步林在塔奔布鲁克盆地中部燕丹图沟中找到三个小哺乳动物化石异常丰富的层位。三个层位紧靠在一起,其中产出的哺乳动物群被命名为燕丹图动物群。步林明确指出燕丹图动物群为晚渐新世。该动物群以后成为晚渐新世塔奔布鲁克哺乳动物期的典型动物群并沿用至今。     

关于乌兰塔塔尔动物群的时代

根据近年来国际上海相第三纪地层及所含生物研究的进展、海陆相地层对比的精确、划分方案的变化,蒙古三达河组的地质时代应为早渐新世,而不是原来认为的中渐新世。中国乌兰诺塔尔动物群中已研究过的21属哺乳动物化石,有17属与三达河动物群共有,占马兰塔塔尔动物群总数的81％;33个种中与后者相同或相似的有14个,占43％。这种相似性表明乌兰塔塔尔动物群的时代也应为早渐新世,而不是原来认为的中渐新世。     

内蒙古阿左旗乌兰塔塔尔地区渐新世地层剖面及动物群初步观察

内蒙古阿左旗乌兰塔塔尔地区的渐新世地层中,哺乳动物化石丰富,种类繁多。本文是这个动物群研究的初步报道,除对动物群中各成员和地层概况做了简单介绍外,还对化石层的时代作了初步探讨。     

内蒙千里山地区中、上渐新统的发现及其意义

在这篇文章中,根据所发现的脊椎动物化石和岩性,将内蒙伊克昭盟千里山地区陆相第三纪地层分为四部分。并建立了两个组:上部上渐新统伊克布拉格组和中部中渐新统乌兰布拉格组。后者被分为上、下两段。在亚洲,一直未能发现完整的,具有丰富脊椎动物化石的中、晚渐新世地层的剖面。千里山地区渐新统连续剖面的发现,对亚洲中、晚渐新世地层的层序的建立和对比提供了可靠的依据。     

内蒙古乌兰塔塔尔地区中渐新世几种肉食动物

这篇短文记述了乌兰塔塔尔地区中渐新世的两种肉齿类和四种食肉类化石,其中有两种在我国为首次报道。     

Stratigraphic interpretation of the Kulu Formation (Early Miocene, Rusinga Island, Kenya) and its implications for primate evolution

Early Miocene fossils from Rusinga Island, Kenya, provide some of the best evidence for catarrhine evolution and diversification, and, together with more than eighty-five other mammalian species, form an important comparative reference for understanding faunal succession in East Africa. While there is consensus over the stratigraphic position of most of Rusinga's volcaniclastic deposits, the lacustrine Kulu Formation has been placed in various parts of the geological sequence by different researchers. To resolve this discrepancy, we conducted detailed geological analyses which indicate that the Kulu Formation was formed in the Early Miocene during a period of volcanic inactivity and subsidence following the early, mainly explosive hyper-alkaline phase of the Kisingiri complex and prior to the final eruptions of nephelinitic lavas. The underlying Hiwegi and older formations were locally deformed and deeply eroded before sedimentation began in the Kulu basin, so that the Kulu sediments may be significantly younger than the 17.8 Ma Hiwegi Formation and not much older than the overlying Kiangata Agglomerata-Lunene Lava series, loosely dated to ca. 15 Ma. The overall similarities between Kulu and Hiwegi faunas imply long-term ecological stability in this region. Our stratigraphic interpretation suggests that the Kulu fauna is contemporaneous with faunas from West Turkana, implying that differences between these assemblages—particularly in the primate communities—reflect paleobiogeographic and/or paleocological differences. Finally, the position of the Kulu Formation restricts the time frame during which the substantial faunal turnover seen in the differences between the primate and mammalian communities of Rusinga and Maboko Islands could have occurred.     

Dinosaur remains from the ‘Botucaraí Hill’ (Caturrita Formation), Late Triassic of south Brazil,and their stratigraphic context

Vertebrate fossils recovered from sites nearby the Botucaraí Hill and Candelária (Caturrita Formation) depict a diverse Late Triassic tetrapod fauna from south Brazil. These records are of key importance to the biostratigraphy of the upper sections of the Rosario do Sul Group. A lithological and biostratigraphic survey on the main fossil localities of the Botucaraí Hill area confirms the occurrence of the lower Hyperodapedon and the upper Riograndia Assemblage Zones in the region, the latter yielding early saurischians. In this paper, three incomplete dinosaur specimens, an isolated sacral vertebra, an articulated left pubis–ischium and an isolated right ischium, from the ‘Botucaraí Hill’ site are described. A comparative survey suggests that these specimens have sauropodomorph affinities, but probably more primitive than typical ‘prosauropods’ from the Norian-Early Jurassic. Regardless of the phylogenetic position of Guaibasaurus as theropod or sauropodomorph, their occurrence in the Caturrita Formation, which also yielded ‘core prosauropods’ from the Santa Maria region, suggests either the survival of early members of the clade with more derived ‘prosauropods’ or that heterochronous faunas are sampled from that stratigraphic unit.     

河南潭头、卢氏和灵宝盆地上白垩统一下第三系的划分

在这篇短文中,根据脊椎动物化石的发现,进一步叙述和讨论了豫西潭头、灵宝和卢氏三个盆地的中、新生代地层的划分问题。在这三个盆地的中、新生代堆积物中,属于晚白垩世的有潭头盆地秋扒组和灵宝盆地的南朝组,后一个盆地还可能存在着时代更早的白垩纪地层。在潭头盆地的高峪沟组和大章组中分别找到中古新世的阶齿兽、中兽科和晚古新世的牧兽科、假古猬科化石;在潭头组中发现原恐角兽类和古脊齿兽类化石,时代为早始新世。在灵宝盆地的项城群中尚未找到哺乳类化石,可能包括古新世和始新世早中期的堆积。卢氏盆地的卢氏组和锄钩峪组以及灵宝盆地的川口组和浑水河组的时代为晚始新世。卢氏组下部和川口组或许可延至中始新世。     

Fauna,environment and human presence during MIS5 in the North of Spain: The new site of Valdavara 3

Valdavara 3 is a new early late Pleistocene paleontological and archeological cave site in northwestern Iberia. Over 1400 fossils have been collected, representing about 40 species. The fauna is of interglacial aspect and is in accordance with the OSL dates from the fossiliferous layer, which indicate an age of 103–113 ka. The great taxonomical diversity indicates a varied landscape. A small collection of lithic artifacts was found associated with the fossils, demostrating presence of humans and suggesting short non-residential visits to the cave. The fossiliferous site was predominantly formed by natural processes. Many fossil localities have short or biased faunal lists, but the fossil fauna recovered from Valdavara 3 is remarkably diverse and may reflect the fauna which once lived there.     

FOSSIL BOVIDS FROM THE MIDDLE OLIGOCENE OF ULANTATAL, NEI MONGOL

Fossil of bovids was not known before Late Oligocene except Palaeohypsodontus asiaticus Trofimov, 1958, represented only by a broken mandible with M_2-M_3 and an isolated M_3. The discoovery of the new finds from the Middle Oligocene of Ulantatal provides new information regarding the dental morphology of the early bovids.     

EDIACARAN AND CAMBRIAN INDEX FOSSILS FROM SONORA, MEXICO

Abstract:  The Cambrian index fossil Treptichnus pedum is reported from the Puerto Blanco Formation near Pitiquito, Sonora, Mexico, and new occurrences of the Neoproterozoic index fossil Cloudina are reported from the underlying La Ciénega Formation. Considered together, these fossils constrain the location of the Ediacaran/Cambrian boundary in Mexico. The suite of fossils in this sequence is important because it provides an independent biostratigraphic datum for constraining the position of Laurentia during the onset of metazoan diversification, for testing proposed lithostratigraphic correlations among western North American Neoproterozoic–Cambrian successions, and for testing regional tectonic paradigms such as the Mojave-Sonora Megashear hypothesis.     

Paleoanthropology of the Kibish Formation, southern Ethiopia: Introduction

Cranial and skeletal remains of modern humans, Homo sapiens, were discovered in the Kibish Formation in 1967 by a team from the Kenya National Museums directed by Richard Leakey. Omo I, from Kamoya's Hominid Site (KHS), consists of much of a skeleton, including most of the cranial vault, parts of the face and mandible, and many postcranial elements. Omo II, from Paul's Hominid Site (PHS), is a virtually complete calvaria. Only a limited fauna and a few stone artifacts attributed to the Middle Stone Age were recovered in conjunction with the fossil hominids. The available dating techniques suggested a very early age, over 100 ka, for Member I, from which the Omo I and Omo II fossils were recovered. However, in subsequent decades, the reliability of the dates and the provenance of the Kibish hominids were repeatedly questioned. The papers in this volume provide a detailed stratigraphic analysis of the Kibish Formation and a series of new radiometric dates that indicate an age of 196 +/- 2 ka for Member I and 104 +/- 1 for Member III, confirming the antiquity of the lower parts of the Kibish Formation and, in turn, the fossils from Member I. Studies of the postcranial remains of Omo I indicate an overall modern human morphology with a number of primitive features. Studies of an extensive lithic record from Members I and III indicate a Middle Stone Age technology comparable to assemblages of similar age elsewhere in Ethiopia. Studies of the mammalian, avian, and fish faunas indicate overall similarities to those found in the region today, with a few distinctive differences.     

内蒙阿左旗乌兰塔塔尔中渐新世的梳趾鼠类

本文描述和比较了发现在我国内蒙古阿左旗乌兰塔塔尔地区中渐新统的三属七种啮齿类梳趾鼠科化石,其中包括三个新种.并对某些种类的归属和性质做了初步的讨论.     

Middle–Late Permian tetrapods from the Rio do Rasto Formation,Southern Brazil: a biostratigraphic reassessment

Dias‐da‐Silva, S. 2011: Middle–Late Permian tetrapods from the Rio do Rasto Formation, Southern Brazil: a biostratigraphic reassessment. Lethaia, Vol. 45, pp. 109–120. The Rio do Rasto Formation (Permian of Southern Brazil) was previously regarded as Guadalupian–early Lopingian age. Three tetrapod‐based localities are known: the Serra do Cadeado area, Aceguá and Posto Queimado. The latest tetrapod‐based biostratigraphic contribution considers that the Posto Queimado and Aceguá faunas are coeval and Wordian (middle Guadalupian) in age, correlated to the Isheevo faunas from Eastern Europe and to the Tapinocephalus Assemblage Zone of South Africa; whereas the Serra do Cadeado fauna is Capitanian (late Guadalupian), correlated to the Kotelnich fauna of Eastern Europe and, from bottom to top, to upper Pristerognathus, Tropidostoma and lower Cistecephalus assemblage zones of South Africa. A re‐evaluation of the tetrapods from the Rio do Rasto Formation and new fossil discoveries in the localities of Posto Queimado and Serra do Cadeado area (melosaurine and platyoposaurine temnospondyls, a basal anomodont, a dinocephalian and a basal dicynodont) supports a new tetrapod‐based biostratigraphic scheme for the Rio do Rasto Formation. Accordingly, the age of the fauna at Aceguá is late Roadian‐early Wordian, whereas the locality of Posto Queimado is late Wordian‐Capitanian. The Serra do Cadeado Area is correlated with both southernmost ones (Guadalupian) but also Wuchiapinghian (early Lopingian). □Paraná Basin, Passa Dois Group, tetrapod biostratigraphy, Western Gondwana.     

山西闻喜早更新世地层和哺乳动物化石

山西闻喜早更新世的哺乳动物化石发现并不十分丰富,由于地层出露较好,层位清楚,虽然地层较薄,但对确定早更新世,为今后进一步深入研究汾渭盆地的第四纪下限,古气候、古地理环境可提供依据。     

Biostratigraphical dating of Cretaceous coral communities using large data sets

Habitats of hermatypic corals are shallow and turbulent marine environments that often lack biostratigraphic index fossils. For that reason many Cretaceous coral faunas are imprecisely dated or dated only on the basis of comparisons with other coral faunas. Using a large database on the taxonomy, stratigraphical and geographical distribution of corals in the Cretaceous, a method is proposed that will make it possible to specify the stratigraphical age of coral associations on the basis of their specific composition. In this process the stratigraphical range of the species (calculated before from well-dated faunas) is summarized and a probable age of the association proposed. The method does not only help to assess the biostratigraphical age of a fauna, but may also indicate whether a fauna represents an original composition or is a mixed association derived from reworked horizons or olistoliths. The method can be applied to any other group of organisms, provided that the essential data for a comparison are available.      

The uppermost Oligocene of Aix-en-Provence (Bouches-du-Rhône,Southern France): A Cenozoic brackish subtropical Konservat-Lagerstätte,with fishes,insects and plants

Aix-en-Provence is one of the most famous localities for Cenozoic fossils in Europe, known since the end of the 18th century for the exquisitely preserved fishes, insects and plant remains extracted from laminated deposits exposed in the underground quarries developed for the exploitation of the gypsum, and in some sites located inside and around the city. The Aix-en-Provence fossil assemblage includes a considerable variety of organisms that provide a well-documented evidence of the existence of a large subtropical brackish (primarily oligohaline) lagoon temporarily connected to the sea in southern France during the latest Oligocene.     

内蒙古乌兰塔塔尔地区中渐新世的圆柱齿鼠科啮齿类

本文记述了发现在乌兰塔塔尔地区的中渐新世圆柱齿鼠科化石。根据牙齿特征,将乌兰塔塔尔动物群中原先的阿尔丁鼠(Ardynomys)和圆柱鼠(Cyclomylus)分别放到异鼠(Anomoemys)和察干鼠(Tsaganomys)属中,将原“小圆柱鼠”(Cyclomylus minutus Kowalski,1974)改订为小察干鼠(Tsaganomys minutus)。在记述洛异鼠(Anomoernys lohiculus)、阿尔泰察干鼠(Tsaganomys altaicus)和小察干鼠的同时,讨论了它们的种内变异。此外还对察干鼠和圆柱鼠的齿冠和齿根关系问题做了初步探讨。     

Ammonite taphonomy and stratigraphy of the Bajocian at Maizet,south of Caen (Calvados,NW France)

A study of the ammonite assemblages from the “Oolithe ferrugineuse de Bayeux” Formation of Bajocian age is presented herein. The section at the locality of Maizet shows a high level of stratigraphic condensation, and taphonomic reworking is common within the sequence. All the ammonites being studied are classified herein as having been reworked, transported or displaced on the sea-floor prior to burial, and as such, are determined taphonomically as being resedimented or reelaborated fossil elements. Seven evidences of reelaboration within the sequence under investigation are detailed here. The palaeontological units, so-called taphorecords, characterized by distinctive taphonomic features, are used to directly or indirectly assign beds to biochronostratigraphic units. In addition, identification of taphorecord relationships regarding successive or contemporaneous deposition allows their registratic succession and order of depositional events to be inferred. The latter may be deduced on the basis of bed succession or by reference to stratigraphical intervals that now are only represented in the stratigraphic column by fossils. Deposition by tractional currents and winnowing is indicated by sharp bed-base and by reworked fossil elements. Biochronostratigraphic correlation with other sections of the inland Bajocian successions in the Calvados area (Bretteville, Feuguerolles) highlights a common depositional evolution that may be related to an eastward-deepening carbonate ramp.