Influence of Stretching Training of the Lower Limbs on Postural Stability

Human Physiology - The paper investigates the effects of stretching training on stabilographic and kinematic parameters of one-legged posture stability in healthy girls (n = 14). Stretching...     

The Roles of Monoarticular and Biarticular Muscles of the Lower Limbs in Terrestrial Locomotion

Specific features of the functioning of mono- and biarticular muscles were studied using a multijoint movement (a high jump) as an example. The powers of the knee and ankle joint extensors are insufficient for a strong and quick movement such as a high jump. Biarticular muscles (m. rectus femoris) transfer forces/powers from one joint to another, thereby compensating for the physiological shortcoming of monoarticular muscles, that is, a decrease in the tractive force with increasing contraction rate. In a high jump, a power of 300 W may be transferred from the hip to the knee joint via the m. rectus femoris; 230 W, from the knee to the hip joint via the hamstring muscle; 210 W, from the knee joint to the ankle via the m. gastrocnemius; and 15 W, from the metatarsophalangeal joint to the ankle via the mm. flexors.     

帕瑞昔布钠用于下肢手术术后镇痛的安全性及其对阿片类药物用量的节俭作用

目的:探讨帕瑞昔布钠用于下肢手术术后镇痛的疗效、安全性及其对阿片类药物用量的节俭作用.方法:随机、双盲、安慰剂对照、平行分组研究,18-60岁、ASA Ⅰ或Ⅱ级、择期硬膜外腔阻滞下下肢手术病人,手术结束时,随机静脉注射帕瑞昔布钠40mg或生理盐水5ml,12h后再静脉注射帕瑞昔布钠40 mg或生理盐水5 ml,同时采用芬太尼进行病人自控静脉镇痛.观察术后2,4,8,12和24h的疼痛强度(VAS评分)、给药前后的生命体征、不良反应和生化检查指标、术后芬太尼用量、病人自控镇痛(PCA)有效次数.结果:共完成220例,其中采用帕瑞昔布钠116例,安慰剂104例.与安慰剂组相比,帕瑞昔布钠组术后2,4,8,12和24h VAS评分降低(P＜0.05),而有关不良反应和检查结果异常发生率的差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),术后12h和24 h芬太尼用量明显减少(P＜0.05),术后12h和24hPCA有效次数降低(P＜0.05).结论:下肢手术后静脉给予帕瑞昔布钠40mg bid,镇痛效果佳,安全可靠,明显减少了术后芬太尼用量,提高病人术后镇痛质量.     

患肢加压溶栓治疗下肢深静脉血栓形成的临床疗效及护理效应

目的:探讨止血带结扎患肢,从足背浅静脉推注尿激酶治疗下肢深静脉血栓形成的临床疗效及护理效应。方法:对62例下肢深静脉血栓患者经患肢足背静脉穿刺,踝关节上用止血带阻断浅静脉后,推注中等剂量尿激酶.通过测量腿围和彩超结果来评价是否有效。并采用多种护理辅助手段辅助治疗。结果:临床症状迅速改善,有效率22.5%,显效率77.5%。结论:此方法操作简单,所用材料价格便宜,临床效果明显,值得推广应用。