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我国已知动物物种数原生动物（自由生活）5900种,多孔动物115种,刺胞动物1000种,扁形动物1800种,纽形动物60种,线虫655种,动吻动物10种,曳鳃动物2种,轮虫800种,棘头动物40种。星虫43种,虫8种,须腕动物1种,环节动物1470种,软体动物3500种,帚虫4种,腕足动物8种,苔薛动物490种,内肛动物9种,缓步动物42种,整肢动物（蜘蛛,蝉螨等）7000种,单肢动物52000种,（多足类1000种,昆虫51000种）,甲壳动物3800种,毛颚动物（箭虫）37种,半索动物6种。棘皮动物506种,脊索动物6475种（其中尾索动物125种,头索动物3种,脊椎动物63…     

黄山动物简介

<正>黄山有脊椎动物417种,其中鱼类38种,两栖动物28种,爬行类52种,鸟类224种,哺乳类75种;无脊椎动物蝶类175种,蜘蛛目138种。列入世界自然保护联盟(IUCN)濒危物种红色名录的有18种,列入濒危动植物种国际贸易公约(CITES)的58种,列入中国物种红色名录的47种(其中兽类16种,鸟类9种,爬行类17种,两栖类4种,鱼类1种)。属于国家一级重点保护野生动物8种(其中鸟类4种,兽类4种);属于国家二级重点保护野生动物51种(其中鸟类34种,兽类10种)。     

内伶仃岛自然保护区昆虫调查初报

本文报导采自广东省深圳内伶仃岛自然保护区的昆虫260种,其中尾目1种,蜻蜒目6种,非蠊目3种,螳螂目2种,等翅目1种,直翅目25种,纺足目1种,同翅目8种,半翅目45种,鞘翅目48种,脉翅目4种,鳞翅目78种,又翅目10种,膜翅目29种,天敌昆虫超过60种,其中3种系广东省新记录。     

山西历山地区的两栖爬行动物

１９９３－ １９９７ 年在山西历山地区对两栖和爬行动物进行了调查。此区共有两栖动物１１ 种, 隶２ 目５ 科８属, 其中, 古北界种３ 种、东洋界种３ 种、广布种５ 种; 爬行动物２４ 种, 隶３ 目７ 科１４ 属, 其中, 古北界种７种、东洋界种１２ 种、广布种４ 种、特有种１ 种。     

横断山区的蝶类资源与珍稀蝴蝶的保护

横断山区的蝶类561种,隶属于12科,208属.在12科中,种类最多的是蛱蝶科148种,其次是眼蝶科117种,灰蝶科65种,凤蝶科63种,粉蝶科60种,弄蝶科60种,蚬蝶科18种,绢蝶科12种,斑蝶科9种,环蝶科6种,喙蝶科2种,珍蝶科1种.分布于横断山区的珍稀蝴蝶有44种,其中国家Ⅰ级保护的1种,Ⅱ级保护的3种.     

陕西农田蜘蛛的区系分析

陕西农田蜘蛛有32科104属236种,古北界120种,东洋界89种,除上2界外,尚有广泛分布的27种。黄土高原分布区有蜘蛛56种,古北界36种,东洋界3种,广泛分布的17种;关中平原区有蜘蛛135种,古北界78种,东洋界44种,广泛分布的13种;秦岭山区有蜘蛛122种,古北界55种,东洋界50种,广泛分布的17种;汉中、安康盆地区有蜘蛛103种,东洋界66种,古北界26种,广泛分布的11种;大巴山区有蜘蛛16种,东洋界9种,广泛分布的7种。秦岭为2界的分界线,即北纬33°～34°之间分界,此界与陕西等积温(日均温≥10℃)3600℃线吻合,秦岭北为古北界,以南为东洋界,关中平原和汉中、安康盆地区为古北界与东洋界的过渡区。     

深圳塘朗山郊野公园的植物资源

广东深圳塘朗山郊野公园共有野生维管植物144科423属611种,分别占广东省维管植物280科1589属5737种的51.4%、26.7%和10.65%;其中蕨类省植物21科29属33种,裸子植物3科3属4种,被子植物120科391属574种,被子植物占绝对优势。国家重点保护野生植物共计7科7属7种,占广东省国家重点保护野生植物的10.9%;珍稀濒危植物有4科5属5种,占广东省珍稀濒危植物67种的7%。公园中经济植物可分为12类,分别是药用植物321种,用材树种65种,观赏植物60种,纤维植物41种,野生水果33种,油脂植物38种,饲料植物42种,鞣料植物42种,野菜植物25种,农药植物27种,芳香植物26种,淀粉植物23种,保健植物19种,染料植物13种,有毒植物10种,蜜源植物5种。     

陕西化龙山国家级自然保护区鸟类区系和生态分布

2010年1月至2012年12月采用样线法对化龙山国家级自然保护区鸟类进行了调查。结果表明,保护区有鸟类16目50科224种,占陕西省鸟类种数(475种)的47.16%和全国(1371种)的16.34%。其中,雀形目鸟类32科156种,占69.64%;非雀形目鸟类18科68种,占30.36%。留鸟123种,夏候鸟67种,旅鸟25种,冬候鸟8种,迷鸟1种。在本区繁殖的190种鸟类中,东洋界种100种,古北界种67种,广布种23种。从繁殖鸟的区系成分看,东洋界种与古北界种分别为100种和67种,比例为1.5∶1,东洋界种占优势。从生境分析看,鸟类主要分布于森地和灌草丛。     

中国鲀形目鱼类的地理分布和区系特征

就现时所知,我国的魨形目鱼类共有10科42属98种。拟三剌魨科我国共有4属5种,均产南海,其中只有1种分布到东海;三刺魨科有2属5种,南海均产,只有1种分布到东海和黄、渤海;鳞魨科有6属18种,除1种分布到东海和黄、渤海外,均产南海;革魨科有11属16种,南海有11属15种,东海5属5种,黄、渤海4属4种;须魨科只有1属1种,分布于南海和东海。六稜箱魨科我国有2属2种,南海和东海各产1属1种;箱魨科共4属8种,南海均有,其中有些种类分布到东海和黄、渤海。魨科我国现有8属35种,南海有8属27种,东海有3属17种,黄、渤海只有1属10种,其中东方魨属的分布颇为特殊,即东海的种类为最多,而南海反是较少;刺魨科有2属6种,南海均产,2种分布到东海,有1种分布到黄、渤海。翻车鱼科中国有2属2种,1种沿海均见,1种只分布于南海。三齿魨科现时中国尚无代表。 中国魨形目鱼类由暖水性种、暖温性种和冷温性种3种类型组成。暖水性种占绝对优势,有66种,占总数的67%;暖温性种次之,有29种,占总数的30%;冷温性种甚少,只有3种,占总数的3%。 中国魨形目鱼类以南海种类为最多,共88种(总数的90%),由暖水性种和暖温性种2种类型组成,前者66种,后者22种。东海种类减少至32种(33%),暖水性种有15种,暖温性种有15种,冷温性种2种。黄、渤海种类最少,只有20种(2     

陕西蝶类新纪录

陕西蝶类新纪录牛瑶,许升全河南师范大学生物系新乡４５３００２陕西师范大学生物系陕西省的蝶类己记载约２９０种（凤蝶科２６种,绢蝶科４种,粉蝶科３２种,斑蝶科１种,环蝶科３种,眼蝶科４９种,蛱蝶科９６种,喙蝶科１种,蚬蝶科２种,灰蝶科３９种,弄蝶科３７种...     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.