花生根瘤菌类菌体氢氧化体系的研究

花生根瘤菌类菌体含有吸H₂酶,以O₂或亚甲蓝为电子受体均表现吸H₂活性。类菌体还原减氧化的吸收差示光谱在424、500、520、550、560、585及595 nm处呈现吸收峰,表明细胞色素c、b、和o参与H₂的氧化过程。CN-明显影响520、550、560 nm处的吸收峰,意味着有些细胞色素c和b对CN^-敏感,在H₂代谢中充当末端氧化酶的作用。抗霉素A、HONO、CN^-、N₃^-和DBMIB均强烈抑制吸H₂活性,但鱼藤酮不抑制吸H₂活性。说明细胞色素b、c、a和泛配参与H₂氧化的电子传递,而NADH脱氢酶不参与。花生根瘤菌类菌体的H₂氧化系统是个复杂具分支的电子传递体系。     

光合细菌Chromatium vinosum可溶性氢酶的分离提纯及特性

光合细菌 Chromatium vinosum可溶性氢酶经 4次柱层析 (Whatman DE- 52 ,TSK- DEAE,Ultragel Ac A- 44 ,Mono Q)分离提纯后被纯化 630倍 ,得率为 33.5% .可溶性氢酶催化放氢比活性为 7.5μmol· min-1· mg-1.SDS- PAGE结果显示 ,可溶性氢酶由 52 k D和 2 1 .5k D两个亚基组成 .大亚基 N端氨基酸序列为 :SRTITIEPVTRXEGHAR;小亚基 N端氨基酸序列为 :STQPKIT-VATXLDG.氧化态可溶性氢酶在 54K时产生了典型的 Ni( )电子顺磁共振 (EPR)信号 (gxyz=2 .37、2 .1 6、2 .0 1 6和 gxyz=2 .30、2 .2 3、2 .0 1 6) .研究结果表明 ,C.vinosum可溶性氢酶是一种新的催化放氢的 Ni Fe-氢酶 .     

温特曲霉延胡索酸酶的提纯及性质研究

报道经硫酸鱼精蛋白沉淀、硫酸铵分级沉淀和葡聚糖凝胶G-200柱层析,再经冰冻干燥后从温特曲霉F-871菌体中获得延胡索酸酶,纯化倍数为31.70,回收率为36.64％,酶比活性为24.6U/mg。酶学性质研究表明:酶作用最适pH和温度分别为8.0和30℃,稳定pH范围为6.0～8.5,酶在35℃下保温30min后仍残留约90％以上的活力。     

果胶裂解酶的分离,提纯及其特征

用等电聚焦层析方法从酶制剂Pectinex Ultra SP-L中分离获得制备标准的内切果胶裂解酶(PL),并测定了这个内切-PL的一些重要物理、化学及生物化学特性。用分析用等电聚焦电泳,生物化学反应及薄层层析证明所制备的PL为纯品。所制备的内切-PL的一些特性数据如下:pl∶pH=3.9,K_m=1.91 mg/ml,V_(max)=0.88单位/min。用苹果果胶(酯化度为71%)为底物时,PL的最适pH为6.0,最适温度是60℃。用H-果胶(酯化度为94%)为底物时,作用的最适pH为8.5,最适温度是65℃。所制备的PL是高温稳定和pH稳定的。PL的活性被Na~+激活。     

甘薯羽状斑驳病毒分离提纯及血清学特性

从感染有甘薯羽状驳病毒的牵牛（I．Nil）叶片,通过超速离心,Cscl密度梯度离心提纯SPFMV粒子,每千克叶片可得病毒13－15毫克。电镜观察病毒粒子长度范围在820－860nm,也可见到900nm以上的特长粒子。病毒提纯物的紫外吸收曲线呈典型核蛋白吸收曲线,OD260／OD280＝1．21,免疫电镜检查,该病毒与SPFMV抗血清起阳性反应。     

菜心溶菌酶的提纯及酶学性质

菜心叶子高速捣碎后,滤液经酸碱处理,硫酸铵分步沉淀,凝胶柱层析等步聚分离纯化溶菌酶,酶比活力达３４１４．６Ｕ／ｍｇ,纯化倍数为１９７．４。菜心溶菌酶在较宽的温度或ｐＨ值范围均有活性,最适温度６０℃,最适ｐＨ值为５．８,底物Ｋｍ值为８７μｇ／ｍＬ。该酶对热和酸碱的稳定性较高,巯基和酪氨酸残基不是该酶活性中心的必需基团。     

枯草杆菌产弹性酶及提纯工艺研究

对枯草杆菌产酶弹性蛋白酶和酶提纯生产工艺进行了系统研究,得到了含弹性蛋白酶活力为3万u/g的纯酶粉。     

笋壳过氧化物酶提纯及综合利用的研究

采用挥发性酸和碱调节鲜笋壳压榨液 pH值 ,分别获得无盐Fraction Ⅰ和fraction Ⅱ ;其压榨后的蒲渣作为造纸原料和栽培食用菌的基质 ;对分离Fraction Ⅰ和Fraction Ⅱ后的汁液 ,加入Fe2 +并超滤浓缩 ,经硫酸铵盐析和丙酮分级后 ,进行CM 2 2纤维素离子交换柱层析 ,以 pH5 .2乙酸钠分级洗脱 ,获得RZ为 3 .0以上的高纯竹笋过氧氧化物酶。揭示了竹笋加工成罐头食品后其尾料通过系统生化工程处理 ,获得系列产品的途径 ,减少了生产成本和环境污染 ,提高了主产品附加值 ,具有生态、经济和社会效益。     

大鼠肝脏过氧化氢酶的分离纯化及性质

根据过氧化氢酶的催化特性,采用盐析,透析,离心等技术,从大鼠肝脏中分离纯化过氧化氢酶,提纯倍数达到26倍,酶活性回收率为57%。为一般实验室分离纯化大鼠过氧化氢酶提供了一种有效的方法。酶学性质研究表明,该酶最适温度为37℃,最适pH值为7.5,在此条件下,以过氧化氢为底物的Km值为56 mmol.L-1。     

甘薯叶片蔗糖酶的分离纯化及其部分性质

纯化酶经聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳显示单一蛋白带,ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ显示一条蛋自带,其亚基分子量为３９．８ｋＤ。用ＳｅｐｈａｃｒｙｌＳ－２００凝胶过滤测得全酶的分子量为７９．４ｋＤ,该酶由两个相同亚基组成。其表观Ｋｍ为１２ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ,Ｖｍａｘ为９９．５ｍｇ还原糖ｍｇ－１ｐｒｏｔｅｉｎｈ－１。     

Purification and Some Properties of a Membrane-Bound Aminopeptidase A from Streptococcus cremoris

A membrane-bound l-alpha-glutamyl (aspartyl)-peptide hydrolase (aminopeptidase A) (EC 3.4.11.7) from Streptococcus cremoris HP has been purified to homogeneity. The free gamma-carboxyl group rather than the amino group of the N-terminal l-alpha-glutamyl (aspartyl) residue appeared to be essential for catalysis. No endopeptidase activity could be established with this enzyme. The native enzyme is a polymeric, most probably trimeric, metalloenzyme (relative molecular weight, approximately 130,000) which shows on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis gels apparent high relative molecular weight values due to (lipid?) material dissociable with butanol. The subunit (relative molecular weight, approximately 43,000) is catalytically inactive. The enzyme is inactivated completely by dithiothreitol, chelating agents, and the bivalent metal ions Cu and Hg. Of the sulfhydryl-blocking reagents tested, only p-hydroxymercuribenzoate appeared to inhibit the enzyme. Activity lost by treatment with a chelating agent could be restored by Co and Zn. The importance of the occurrence of an aminopeptidase A in S. cremoris with respect to growth in milk is discussed.     

菠菜种子胰蛋白酶抑制剂的分离纯化与部分性质研究

以菠菜种子为材料,经脱脂、酸性溶液抽提、热变性、硫酸铵分部沉淀得到胰蛋白酶抑制剂粗提物。再经离子交换、亲和层析和凝胶过滤,分离得到胰蛋白酶抑制剂SOTI,纯化倍数为57．22。SDS-PAGE测定其分子量约为22kD,等电聚焦测定其等电点为4．02。SOTI具有较高的热稳定性,在100℃处理后仍然具有一定的抑制活性。     

Properties of Stable Hydrogenase from the Purple Sulfur Bacterium Lamprobacter modestohalophilus

Some properties of a hydrogenase from the recently isolated phototrophic sulfur bacterium Lamprobacter modestohalophilus strain Syvash and its resistance to a number of inactivating factors have been investigated. The enzyme consists of two subunits, 64 and 30 kD; pI = 4.5. The optimal pH was 8.5-9.5 for hydrogen uptake and 4.0 for H2 evolution. Hydrogenase preparations were resistant to the effects of O2, CO, and temperature, revealing high stability under storage. A considerable inactivation of the enzyme was observed at temperatures above 80 degrees C; the temperature optimum of methyl viologen reduction by H2 was 85 degrees C. Inhibitory effects of Ni2+, Cd2+, and Mg2+ on the hydrogenase activity were shown to be reversible and competitive with respect to methyl viologen in the hydrogen oxidation reaction.     

酸性α-淀粉酶的分离纯化与酶学性质研究

纯化了枯草芽胞杆菌xm-1菌株酸性α-淀粉酶,并对其酶学性质进行了研究。通过硫酸铵沉淀和Sephadex G-75凝胶层析将酸性α-淀粉酶粗酶液纯化了32.5倍,活力回收率为10.0%。酶性质测定结果表明,该酸性α-淀粉酶分子量约为60kD,最适反应温度为45℃、最适作用pH5.0,该酶在pH3.4-6.0下稳定,高温耐受性差。Cu2+、Zn2+、EDTA对酶有不同程度的抑制作用,Ca2+和Mn2+对酶具有较强的激活作用。     

Purification and Characterization of Membrane-Associated Hydrogenase from the Deep-Sea Epsilonproteobacterium Hydrogenimonas thermophila

Membrane-associated hydrogenase was purified from the chemolithoautotrophic epsilonproteobacterium Hydrogenimonas thermophila at 152-fold purity. The hydrogenase was found to be localized in the periplasmic space, and was easily solubilized with 0.1% Triton X-100 treatment. Hydrogen oxidation activity was 1,365 μmol H₂/min/mg of protein at 80 °C at pH 9.0, with phenazine methosulphate as the electron acceptor. Hydrogen production activity was 900 μmol H₂/min/mg of protein at 80 °C and pH 6.0, with reduced methyl viologen as the electron donor. The hydrogenase from this organism showed higher oxygen tolerance than those from other microorganisms showing hydrogen oxidation activity. The structural genes of this hydrogenase, which contains N-terminal amino acid sequences from both small and large subunits of purified hydrogenase, were successfully elucidated. The hydrogenase from H. thermophila was found to be phylogenetically related with H₂ uptake hydrogenases from pathogenic Epsilonproteobacteria.     

壳聚糖酶的分离纯化及性质研究

以实验室分离的产壳聚糖酶的LS菌株出发,制备壳聚糖酶粗酶液,经(NH_4)_2SO_4盐析、透析、DEAE-Sephadex A25阴离子交换、Sephadex G-100凝胶过滤分离纯化后,SDS-PAGE显示为一条带,壳聚糖酶被纯化了22.4倍,回收率为34.2%。同时对其酶学性质进行了初步研究,发现该酶在低于35℃和pH 6.O～7.5范围内较稳定,最适反应温度为55℃,反应pH 5.0～5.5;Zn~(2 )、Ag~ 、Ca~(2 )、Co~(2 )、Mn~(2 )对该酶有明显的促进作用,而Fe~(3 )、Hg~(2 )对该酶有强烈的抑制作用;该酶的米氏常数(K_m)为2.50 mg/mL,最大反应速度(V_(max))为4.19μmol/(mL·min);SDS-PAGE测定的相对分子质量为30.9×10~3。     

大豆异黄酮糖苷酶的纯化及性质研究

利用Absidiasp.R菌株,通过液体发酵的方法,得到了一种高活性的大豆异黄酮糖基水解酶。该酶经硫酸铵分级沉淀、DEAE-Cellocuse(DE-52)离子交换层析纯化,被纯化了11倍,收率为10.9%;经SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳测得该酶的分子量为53kD;该酶的最适反应温度为50℃;最适pH为5.0;温度低于60℃,pH在5.0~7.0范围内该酶较稳定,Co2 、Ca2 对该酶有激活作用;Ag 、Cu2 对该酶有抑制作用。当以染料木甙为底物时该酶的米氏常数(Km)为1.3×10-2mol/L。等电聚焦电泳测得其等电点为3.2。