Interstitial Dorvilleidae (Annelida, Polychaeta) from Europe, Australia and New Zealand

Four dorvilleid species new to science are described from intertidal and subtidal sandy sediments. For three of them new genera are erected: Coralliotrocha natans gen. et sp.n., Microdorvillea otagensis gen. et sp.n. and Pusillotrocha Åkessoni gen. et sp.n. One species represents the first record of the genus Pettiboneia from Australia, P. australiensis sp.n. Ophryotrocha minuta Levi, 1954 redescribed from Helgoland is transferred to a different genus, Arenotrocha gen.n. The present taxa belong to a morphological series of species with an increasing degree of neoteny in the family Dorvilleidae.     

New genus of Pharyngodonidae (Nematoda: Oxyuridea) and other helminths in Platymantis nexipus (Anura: Ranidae) from Papua New Guinea

Rokroknema novaebritanniae n. gen., n. sp. (Nematoda: Pharyngodonidae) from the large intestine of Platymantis nexipus (Anura: Ranidae) is described and illustrated. Rokroknema represents the second Australo-Papuan genus assigned to the family Pharyngodonidae known to infect frogs. It is similar to Parathelandros (the other genus), but it is readily distinguished because the posterior pair of caudal papillae is not in the form of a rosette. Platymantis nexipus also was found to harbor 1 species of Digenea, Opisthioglyphe cophixali, and 5 additional species of Nematoda, adults of Aplectana krausi, Cosmocerca novaeguineae, Falcaustra batrachiensis, Icosiella papuensis, and larvae in cysts of Abbreviata sp., plus unidentified cystacanths of 1 species of acanthocephalan.     

Revision of the Genera Apicalia A. Adams and Stilapex lredale and Description of Two New Genera (Mollusca, Prosobranchia, Eulimidae)

All species that have been described in Apicalia , except the type-species, are transferred to other eulimid genera. Three species earlier included in other genera and four new species are placed in Apicalia , viz. A. angulata sp.n. A, cicatricosa sp.n. A. echinasteri sp.n. (all three Queensland), and A. habei sp.n. (Japan). Those of which the hosts are known are all ectoparasites of asteroids. Two of the seven species previously included in Stilapex are excluded and four species earlier placed in other genera are transferred to Stilapex . The members of the latter genus are parasites of ophiuroids. Tropiometricola gen.n. is erected to include Stilifer sphaeroconcha Habe, a crinoid parasite. Parvioris gen.n. is described with Eulima fulvescens A. Adams as type species. A list of species described in eulimid genera and fitting Parvioris is given. P. australiensis sp.n. (W. Australia), P. blakeae sp.n. (Mauritius), P. mortoni sp.n. (Hong Kong), and P. noumeae sp.n. (New Caledonia) are described. Those species of which the host is known, are all ectoparasites of starfishes.     

Faustulid trematodes (Digenea) from marine fishes of Australia

Twelve species of faustulid trematode are described or redescribed from Australian marine fishes. Bacciger lesteri Bray, 1982 and B. sprenti Bray, 1982 are redescribed from Selenotoca multifasciata from Moreton Bay. It is suggested that the original host record for these species, Mugil sp., was incorrect. The genera Discogastroides, Odontocotyle and Pseudodiscogasteroides are synonymised with Paradiscogaster. The new combinations Paradiscogaster arabi (Hafeezullah & Siddiqi, 1970), P. hainanensis (Shen, 1970), P. indicus (Srivastava, 1939), P. macrostomus (Shimazu & Kamegai, 1990), P. ostracii (Yamaguti, 1934) and P. pritchardae (Gupta & Ahmad, 1978) are proposed. Discogasteroides hawaiensis Hanson, 1955 is synonymised with P. ostracii. P. macrostomus and P. ostracii are redescribed from Ostracion meleagris and O. cubicus from the Great Barrier Reef. P. farooqii Hafeezullah & Siddiqi, 1970 is redescribed from Monodactylus argenteus from Moreton Bay. The following new species are described: P. machidai n. sp. from Pomacanthus semicirculatus and P. sexstriatus from the Great Barrier Reef, P. dweorg n. sp. from Meuschenia galii, P. lobomyzon n. sp. from Tilodon sexfasciatus and P. habilis n. sp. from Pelates octolineatus, all from Western Australia. Antorchis pomacanthi (Hafeezullah & Siddiqi, 1970) Machida, 1975 is redescribed from Pomacanthus semicirculatus and P. sexstriatus from the Great Barrier Reef. The new combination Antorchis intermedius (Madhavi, 1975) is proposed for Parantorchis intermedius. Parayamagutia ostracionis is redescribed from O. cubicus from the Great Barrier Reef. Trigonocryptus conus is redescribed from Arothron hispidus from South-east Queensland and from A. nigropunctatus from the Great Barrier Reef. The new combination Trigonocryptus australiensis (Kurochkin, 1970) is proposed for Pseudodiscogasteroides australiensis. The Echinobrevicecinae is reduced to synonymy with the Faustulidae.     

A New Species of Jarra Marsh and Austin (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) with Comments on Other Parasitoids Associated with the Eucalypt Longicorn Phoracantha semipunctata (F.) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae)

Jarra painei sp.n. is described from Victoria and South Australia, reared from larvae of Phoracantha semipunctata (Cerambycidae). This beetle has become an exotic pest on eucalypt trees in California, South America, Africa and the Mediterranean region. J. painei is the fourth species of Jarra to be associated with Phoracantha , and it is described to support assessment of its biological control potential in California. the relationships of J. painei are discussed and a key presented to separate it from other described Jarra species. Information is presented on other parasitoids associated with Phoracantha in southeastern Australia. Xorides australiensis (Szépligeti) (Ichneumonidae) is reared from P. semipunctata for the first time.     

A NEW SPECIES OF COORILLA DUNNET AND MARDON (SIPHONAPTERA: ISCHNOPSYLLIDAE) FROM AUSTRALIA

b
Coorilla allisoni sp. n. is described from Mormopterus beccarii (Peters) (Chiroptera: Molossidae) in southern Queensland. The diagnostic characters of the male genitalia are illustrated and compared with those of C. longictena Dunnet and Mardon and C. similis Mardon and Allison.     

New species of Moravecia (Nematoda: Dracunculoidea) from body cavity of marine perciform fish Percophis brasiliensis in Argentina

A new species of dracunculoid nematode, Moravecia argentinensis n. sp. (Guyanemidae), is described from the blood vessels and body cavity of Brazilian flathead, Percophis brasiliensis Quoy et Gaimard (Perciformes: Percophidae), from off the coast of Argentina. The new species differs from the only other congeneric species, Moravecia australiensis Ribu et Lester, 2004, mainly in the number (14) of cephalic papillae, the length ratio of the muscular and glandular portions of esophagus (1:1-2), more numerous (3-5 pairs) genital papillae in the male, and the presence of a sclerotized copulatory plate. This is the second known species of Moravecia Ribu et Lester, 2004 and the first species of this genus reported from South American waters.     

TWO NEW SPECIES OF HALOBATES ESCHSCHOLTZ (HEMIPTERA: GERRIDAE) FROM AUSTRALIA

Abstract
Halobates (Halobates) australiensis sp. n. from Darwin and Wessel Islands, Northern Territory, and H. (H.) ashmorensis sp. n. from Ashmore Reef, Western Australia are described and illustrated.     

Phylogenetic analysis of a group of palaeonemerteans (Nemertea) including two new species from Queensland and the Great Barrier Reef, Australia

Sundberg, P., Gibson, R. & Olsson, U. (2003). Phylogenetic analysis of a group of palaeonemerteans (Nemertea) including two new species from Queensland and the Great Barrier Reef, Australia. — Zoologica Scripta, 32, 279–296.
Based on 18S rDNA nucleotide sequences and morphological characters, we reconstruct the phylogeny for a group of palaeonemerteans estimated to be monophyletic. Two new palaeonemertean species from Queensland and the Great Barrier Reef, Australia are included in the phylogenetic analysis. The results confirm that one of the species, Cephalothrix queenslandica sp. n., is part of the Cephalothrix–Cephalotrichella–Procephalothrix group. These genera are redefined phylogenetically under the name Cephalothrix based on the cladistic analysis. The other species, Balionemertes australiensis gen. et sp. n., is placed in a new genus which forms a sister taxon to Cephalothrix . The morphology of both new species is described in detail.     

The Australian endemic woodwasp genus Austrocyrta Riek (Hymenoptera: Xiphydriidae)

The Australian xiphydriid woodwasp genus Austrocyrta , previously known only from a single species, A. australiensis Riek, is revised. A second distinctive species from Carnarvon National Park in south-central Queensland, A. fasciculata Jennings & Austin, sp. nov., is described, and a key to separate the males of the two species is provided.     

Helminth parasites of unisexual and bisexual whiptail lizards (Teiidae) in North America. I. The Colorado checkered whiptail (Cnemidophorus tesselatus)

Eleven of 27 (41%) parthenogenetic Colorado checkered whiptails (Cnemidophorus tesselatus) from four counties of western and southwestern Texas were infected with one or more helminths. These included a linstowiid cestode (Oochoristica sp.), a larval spirurid nematode (Physaloptera sp.) and two species of oxyurid nematodes (Parathelandros texanus and Pharyngodon warneri). This note, the first in a series of reports on helminths of Cnemidophorus spp., represents the first record of parasites from C. tesselatus.     

Axiid collections of the Zoological Museum, Copenhagen, with the description of one new genus and six new species (Axiidae, Thalassinidea, Crustacea)

The collections of the family Axiidae in the Zoological Museum. Copenhagen. were examined: seven genera including one new genus, Eucalastacus gen.n. and 14 Indo-Pacific species containing five species, Eiconaxius farreae, E. weberi, E. sibogae, Axius australiensis and Axiopsis serratifrons ; six new species, Eiconaxius demani sp.n., E. mortenseni sp.n., Bouvieraxius keiensis sp.n., Eucalastacus torbeni sp.n., Axiopsis tsushimaensis sp.n., and Calocarirdes vigila sp.n.; and three uncertain species. Eutrichocheles aff. brocki, Eutrichochelts sp. and Axiopsis sp. Postorlocaris. Sakaiocaris and Ca1listocaris are referred, respectively. as junior synonyms of Bouvieraxius. Spongiaxius and Ambiaxius .     

Pararalichus gen.n. (Acarina, Pterolichidae) from New World parrots (Aves, Psittacidae)

Pararalichus gen.n. (Pterolichidae, Pterolichinae) is described; two species groups, from species of Brotogeris Vigors and Touit Gray, respectively, include two named and ten new species. From Brotogeris : the type species Pararalichus dilatatus (Favette & Trouessart) stat.n., comb.n. [= Protolichus ( Mesolichus ) hemiphyllus dilatatus ] from Brotogeris jugularis (Müller), Brazil, Guatemala, Panama; P. chrysopteri sp.n. from B. chrysopterus (L.). Guyana, Surinam; P. cyanopterae sp.n. from B. cyanoptera (Pelzeln), Bolivia, Peru; P. pyrrhopteri sp.n. from B. Pyrrhopterus (Latham), Ecuador, Peru; P. sanctithomae sp.n. from B. sanctithomae (Müller), Bolivia, Peru; P. tiricae sp.n. from B. tirica (Gmelin), Brazil; P. versicolori sp.n. from B. versicolorus (Müller), Brazil, Peru. From Touit: P. hemiphyllus (Mégnin & Trouessart) comb.n. [ =Pterolichus (P.) hemiphyllus ] from Touit batavica (Boddaert), Surinam, Trinidad; P. dilectissimae sp.n. thrn T. dilectissima (Sclater & Salvin), Colmbia, Costa Rica; P. huetii sp.n. from T. huetii (Temminck), Brazil, Guyana, Peru; P. parpuratae sp.n. from T. purpurata (Gmelin), Brazil, Guyana, Surinam; P. surdae sp.n. from T. surda (Kuhl), Brazil. All hosts are Central and South American parrots. Mesolichus Trouessart, 1899 is recognized as a monotypical genus.     

First records of Gastrotricha from South Africa, with description of a new species of Halichaetonotus (Chaetonotida, Chaetonotidae)

During a survey of the biota of the St. Lucia Estuary in the iSimangaliso Wetland Park, South Africa, a number of Gastrotricha were found among samples of meiofauna. Fresh, marine sediment yielded several specimens belonging to a total of seven species. Of these, two are already known from other regions (i.e., Dactylopodola australiensis and Heteroxenotrichula squamosa), one is described as new to science (Halichaetonotus sanctaeluciae sp. n.), while the remaining four (Pseudostomella sp., Halichaetonotus sp.1, Halichaetonotus sp. 2, Xenotrichula sp.) require further collections and analysis, in order to establish the extent of their affiliation to species already described. General appearance, shape of hydrofoil scale and the occurrence of three long spines on the dorsal side make the new species most closely related to Halichaetonotus australis and Halichaetonotus marivagus. The key differences from these taxa and between Halichaetonotus sanctaeluciae sp. n. and Halichaetonotus aculifer are discussed.     

Two new genera of the pharyngodonidae (Nematoda: Oxyuroidea) found in rhacophorid frogs of the Ryukyu Archipelago, Japan

Okinawandros goldbergi n. gen., n. sp. and Ataronema sekii n. gen., n. sp. (Nematoda: Pharyngodonidae) are described from rhacophorid frogs of the Ryukyu Archipelago, Japan. Okinawandros n. gen. resembles Batracholandros Freitas et Iba?ez, 1965 and Synodontisia Petter, Vassiliades et Troncy, 1972 but is readily distinguished from the former in lacking laterally situated genital papillae and by having anteriorly directed vagina and from the latter by having operculated eggs and lacking a spicule. Ataronema n. gen. most closely resembles Parathelandros Baylis, 1930 but is readily distinguished because the posterior pair of caudal papillae is not rosette shaped and the eggs are not operculated. Morphological notes of Pharyngodon polypedatis Yamaguti, 1941 are included.     

New species of mites of the genus Ptilonyssus (Gamasina: Rhinonyssidae) isolated from Passeriformes (Aves: Passeriformes) from Russia and neighboring countries

Eight new species of the genus Ptilonyssus (Berl. et Troues.) (Gamasina: Rhinonyssidae) from nasal cavities of the passeriformes from territory of the former USSR are described: P. ammomani sp. n. from Ammomanus deserti (Alaudidae) collected in Turkmenistan; P. spini sp. n. from Spinus spinus (Fringillidae) of Kaliningrad district (Russia); P. ripariae sp. n. from Riparia riparia (Hirundinidae) and P. acanthopneustes sp. n. from Phylloscopus borealis (Sylviidae) collected in Tjumen district (Russia); P. pyrrhulinus sp. n. from Pyrrhula pyrrhula (Fringillidae) and P. anthi sp. n. from Anthus trivialis (Motacillidae) of Rjazan district; P. sylviicola sp. n. from Sylviae communis (Sylviidae) collected in Tatarstan; P. cyanosylviae sp. n. from Cyanosylvia svecica (Turdidae) collected from Novosibirsk district.     

New Harpacticoida (Crustacea, Copepoda) from the North Atlantic Ocean. VI. Eight New Species of the Genera Paranannopus Lang and Cylindronannopus Coull (Cletodidae)

Paranannopus trisetosus sp.n., P. singulosetosus sp.n., P. denticulatus sp.n., P. uniarticulatus sp.n., P. variabilis sp.n., P. kunzi sp.n. and Cylindronunnopus bispinosus sp.n. are described and classified to the three evolutionary groups within the genus Paranannopus. P. variabilis, P. kunzi and P. hicksi belong to the first evolutionary group with Enp P2-P4 3:3:2-segmented. All three species differ from each other and the closely related species in the setation of the swimming legs P1-P5 and to some extent in the segmentation of the Al. P. trisetosus belongs to the second group with Enp P2-P4 2-segmented, and it differs from the closely related P. atlanticus Coull in the setation of the segment 2 Exp P1, P4 and of the P5. P. singulosetosus, P. uniarticulatus and P. denriculutus represent the third evolutionary group with at most I-segmented Enp P2-P4. They differ from each other in the segmentation of the Enp P2-P4 and the setation of the swimming legs P2-P4 and to some extent in the segmentation of the Exp A2. Cylindronunnopus bispinosus differs from the closely related species C. elongatus (Becker et al. ) comb.n. in the setation of the P5. Updated keys are given for both genera. All species were collected at the Iceland-Faroe Ridge from depths between 435 and 2500 m.     

New Harpacticoida (Crustacea, Copepoda) from the North Atlantic Ocean. V. Three New Species of Metahuntemannia Smirnov (Cletodidae)

Metahuntemannia triarticulata sp.n., M. arctica sp.n. and M. bifida sp.n. arc described. M. triurficulata and M. arctica belong to the 'spinosa' group within the genus Metahuntemannia Smirnov. From the closely related species, M. triarticulata differs in the possession of 3-segmented Enp P3, M. arctica in the segmentation of the Al, and both new species in the setation of their swimming legs P1–P5. M. hifida belongs to the 'talpa' group within Metahuntemannia and differs from the closely related species in the setation of the swimming legs P2–P4. The species relationships and the phylogeny within the genus are discussed. All species were collected at the Iceland-Faroe Ridge from depths between 435 and 2500 m.